Plagiarism, Paraphrasing and Citing Sources

Plagiarism: Your Writing, Not Someone Else's

WE REALLY WANT TO HEAR WHAT YOU HAVE TO SAY

REALLY….

…SO WE ASK YOU TO EDUCATE YOURSELF ABOUT A TOPIC THEN COME UP WITH YOUR OWN OPINIONS, IDEAS AND SOLUTIONS BASED ON THAT EVIDENCE AND PRESENT THEM IN AN ORGANIZED FASHION.

Source: www.ospolitics.org

THE RESEARCH PAPER/PROJECT

There are universal rules and conventions for putting together your paper/project and they are used by colleges and universities across the country. • Format of the Paper • How to use and “cite” your sources to avoid plagiarism Style Manuals

WHAT IS PLAGIARISM?

Plagiarism is when a writer fails to give credit to sources of information, or makes it appear as though someone else’s work is his or her own. This failure may arise out of misuse (whether intentional or unintentional) of another person’s words, ideas, arguments, or graphics. School Handbook

They Walk Among Us

The Reverend The NPR Reporter

Failing to Give Credit or Plagiarism Comes in Many Varieties

• Purchasing or copying whole papers • Resubmitting an old paper • Copying parts of a paper aka the cut & paste • Bad Paraphrasing Source: digispacerecords.com/ plagiarism.jpg

It’s all about

PERSONAL INTEGRITY What does it mean to you?

Integrity without knowledge is weak and useless, and knowledge without integrity is dangerous and dreadful. Samuel Johnson Source: www.sci-con.org/ reviews/images/Monkey.jpg

OK, YOU KNEW IT WAS COMING……

According to the University of California, Davis, • It is wrong to take or use property (an author's work) without giving the owner the value or credit due. Further, copyright violations can result in fines or damages. • Plagiarism devalues others' original work. Submitting a professional writer's work as yours is taking an unfair advantage over students who do their own work. • [The Schools] reputation affects the value of your degree; student dishonesty hurts [the schools] standing and can make your diploma worth less.

• If you plagiarize, you are cheating yourself. You don't learn to write out your thoughts in your own words, and you don't get specific feedback geared to your individual needs and skills. Plagiarizing a paper is like sending a friend to practice tennis for you - you'll never score an ace yourself! • Plagiarism is dishonest because it misrepresents the work of another as your own. • Plagiarism violates [the School’s] Code of Academic Conduct and can result in Suspension or Dismissal.

R eproduced from Student Judicial Affairs. “Avoiding Plagiarism.” Bracketed phrases inserted.

So when we use someone else’s words, ideas, arguments, or graphics we need to acknowledge that in our paper by proper paraphrasing, quoting and citations.

Except

if that information is common knowledge.

SAY THAT AGAIN…

Paraphrase or Indirect Quotation - to express another’s ideas in your own words and properly cite.

Direct Quotation to copy another’s words exactly, put in quotations and properly cite. Citation - give credit to or reference a source.

In-Text Citation Refers to Works Cited Page

Works Cited

AKA

References/Bibliography Sum, Henry. Turning Orange. Leland: Big Wave Books, 2005.

MY PAPER Works Cited Skin pigment may turn color for a variety or reasons. According to Mr. Sum, you will turn orange if you eat too many carrots (33).

Sum, Henry. Turning Orange. Leland: Big Wave Books, 2005.

Paraphrasing

is rewriting someone else’s ideas in your own words and using an in-text citation like:

Effect of Carrots by Henry Sum In a recent study of tenth graders from Leland, the majority of students who five pound of carrots every day for lunch turned orange after two weeks.

33 According to Mr. Sum, you will turn orange if you eat too many carrots (33).

An expert on the effects of eating of carrots, Mr. Sum, claims students will turn orange when they eat too many (33).

Paraphrasing

That deaf, dumb, and blind kid sure plays a mean pinball!

-The Who, "Pinball Wizard“

That acoustically challenged, non-verbal speaking, visually disadvantaged young person, engages in a positive pinball experience.

-Keith and Jason

You try…

• Read and totally understand!

• Don’t look at the original if it helps you.

• Write in your own words.

• Use a “signal phrase” to cite (claims, argues, illustrates).

Driving teen egos--and buying--through 'branding' BY KAREN KERSTING

By the time children reach their teens, a developmental stage when they're naturally insecure and searching for a personal identity, they've been taught that material possessions are what matter, Kanner says. Advertisers understand the teen's desire to be "cool," and manipulate it to sell their wares… 10

My Paraphrase Kersting believes that advertisers capitalize on the fact that teenagers are naturally vulnerable and insecure (10).

Works Cited Kersting, Karen. “Driving teen egos and buying through branding.” Advertising Age November 2005: 5.

Or, if they say it better… Use Quotations

According to Kersting, teens are “naturally insecure and searching for a personal identity…” (5).

And because teens are “naturally insecure and searching for a personal identity…” (Kersting 5).

Works Cited Kersting, Karen. “Driving teen egos and buying through branding.” Advertising Age November 2005: 5.

To Avoid Problems

• Always ask your teacher for his or her expectations. Do we cite our sources.

• Organize your research.

• Keep a citation guide on hand.

I found your speech to be good and original. However, the part that was original was not good and the part that was good was not original. Samuel Johnson (1709-1784)

Works Consulted and Cited Department of Interdisciplinary Studies. “Guidelines

for Dealing with Plagiarism: A guide for understanding, preventing and adjudicating student plagiarism

” Wayne State University. Web.

27 April 2005

.

Goss, Anthony.

Lincoln's Own Stories.

New York: Fredonia Books, 2001. Print.

Keith and Jason. “

Computer Team Help Pages

.” Southern Illinois University. 20 April 2005 compucomp/Activities/Research/pcpara.htm>.

“ Plagiarism: What It Is, Why it’s Wrong, and How to Avoid It.” Chowan College Center for Ethics Chowan College Department of Language & Literature 24 April 2005.

A Few MLA Tips

• The titles of big things are always italicized, while the titles of little things are placed within quotation marks.

• Always end with format.

HELP

Citation Builder This online tool will let you cite in MLA, APA, CSE, and Chicago style. The variety of sources (e.g. cartoon, e-mail, MUD posting, musical composition, etc.) that you can choose from is almost too good to be true! Citation Maker forget to save your work! Simple and easy to use, this tool will create MLA and APA style citations. Don't EasyBib This webpage will create an MLA style bibliography for you that you can then export to Word. NoodleBib Express The Express version of NoodleBib is free to use to generate MLA, APA, and Chicago/Turabian citations. Not being able to save your work isn't a problem; just copy and paste the citations you generate into your document. Zotero Firefox extension allows you to store, manage, and cite your sources .

11. Paraphrase the following paragraph in the space provided. You may use quotations, citations or both. Include the in-text citation. New Scientist, March 2006, page 7 Life on Mars by Jeremy Jackson Scientists are now one step closer to discovering life on Mars. Recent test results transmitted from probe 11 identified water and oxygen on the planet in previously unmeasurable amounts. It is widely accepted that water and oxygen are needed to support life as we know it. Further testing will continue when the probe makes it's second transmission of data to earth in January. The discovery now fuels the debate that we are probably not alone in the universe. According to scientist, Jon Kiessel, "the chances that life exists or that it existed on Mars are very good now that we know the atmosphere can sustain it. The next year will be devoted to discovering evidence of life." Despite an inhospitable climate, freezing cold temperatures and desert like conditions, scientists expect to find dormant forms of life or even evidence that life that flourished in the past. 12. Use the MLA site to write a citation for the source presented above.

The citation will correspond to the in-text citation above and appear in the Works Consulted list.

Test Yourself

1.

T F A Works Consulted or Works Cited is an alphabetical list of your sources at the end of your paper. It tell the reader where you got your information and enables them to find the information.

2.

T F An in-text citation contains author and page number of the source and refers the reader to a Works Consulted and/or Works Cited list at the end of your paper.

3.

T F 4.

T F 5.

T F Handing in a paper that you previously wrote for another class is acceptable.

"Cut and pasting" parts of a a website into your paper is acceptable as long you don't use the whole site.

Copying an image like a picture or graph or chart from the internet is acceptable provided it is educational purposes and cited.

6.

T F You only have to cite information that you are quoting. 7.

T F 8.

T F 9..

T F You have to cite information that is paraphrased. To paraphrase you just rearrange the sentences or change a few words in the paragraph. The president of the United States is George Bush is common knowledge.

10 T F Thirty-eight tons of fruit was exported from Leelanau county last year is common knowledge.

Name ___________________________________ Points ___________ 1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

T T T T T F F F F F 6.

T 7.

8.

T T 9..

T 10 T F F F F F A Works Consulted or Works Cited is an alphabetical list of your sources at the end of your paper. It tell the reader where you got your information and enables them to find the information.

An in-text citation contains author and page number of the source and refers the reader to a Works Consulted and/or Works Cited list at the end of your paper.

Handing in a paper that you previously wrote for another class is acceptable.

"Cut and pasting" parts of a a website into your paper is acceptable as long you don't use the whole site.

Copying an image like a picture or graph or chart from the internet is acceptable provided it is educational purposes and cited.

You only have to cite information that you are quoting. You have to cite information that is paraphrased. To paraphrase you just rearrange the sentences or change a few words in the paragraph. The president of the United States is George Bush is common knowledge.

Thirty-eight tons of fruit was exported from Leelanau county last year is common knowledge.

Points _________ / 10

Name ___________________________________ 11. Paraphrase the following paragraph in the space provided. You may use quotations, citations or both. Include the in-text citation. Points ____ / 5 12. Use the MLA site to write a citation for the source presented above.

The citation will correspond to the in-text citation above and appear in the Works Consulted list. Points _____ / 5