Transcript Young Life and Times Survey - ARK Home Page.----

Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Preview of the 2007 results
Dirk Schubotz
Paula Devine
Sample
• Invited: all young people living in
Northern Ireland who celebrated their
16th birthday in February 2007 (n=1,925)
• Postal questionnaire sent out
• 627 responded (return rate 33%)
• Essay competition run alongside the
survey
Subject areas covered
• Caring responsibilities
• Mental health (GHQ-12), disability
• Social pressures and health/risk-taking
behaviour
• Community relations, cross-community
schemes outside school
• Children’s rights and child poverty
Return Rate
50
40
30
20
10
0
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
What we changed in 2007:
•Freepost address instead of stamps – Did people
understand this?
•Prize draw: 5x £100 instead of £300, £100, £100
•Essay writing competition, peer researchers
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Background
Background
Gender
Religion
Education
Male
Female
Catholic
Protestant
Other/no religion
Planned integrated
Grammar
Secondary
Other
42
58
40
37
23
3
48
46
3
Background
Sexual attraction
Family financial
background
Opposite sex attracted
Same/both sex attracted
Well off
88
10
27
Average
Not well off
59
14
Ethnic Identity
To which ethnic group do you consider you
belong?
Skin Colour
Religion/Nationality
White/Caucasian: 63%
Catholic/Irish Catholic:
White+:
Protestant/NI Protestant: 6%
Non-white:
10%
n<1%
No response/none:
British:2%
14%
Irish: 5%
9%
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Mental health
Mental Health: GHQ-12
Have you recently:
• been able to concentrate on whatever you’re
doing?
• lost much sleep over worry?
• felt that you were playing a useful part in
things?
• felt capable of making decisions about
things?
• felt constantly under strain?
• felt you couldn't overcome your difficulties?
Mental Health: GHQ-12
Two methods of coding GHQ-12:
A: 12 items recoded 0,1,2,3 and the values
summed to give score ranging from 0 to 36.
Higher scores reflect poorer mental health
B: 12 items recoded 1,2=0; 3,4=1 and the values
summed to give score ranging from 0 to 12
Threshold of 4 or more - a ‘case’
Reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) - .93
Mental Health: GHQ-12
Respondents being ‘cases’ (4 or more items)
%
All
2004
23.8
2005
21.4
2006
19.6
2007
21.0
Males
15.6
11.5
14.9
15.0
Females
29.9
28.0
22.9
25.2
Mental Health: GHQ-12
Respondents being ‘cases’ (4 or more items)
%
Well off
17.0
Average
19.0
Not well off
34.5
Same-sex attracted
31.0
Opposite-sex attracted
20.3
Self-reported member of minority ethnic group
28.6
Not a member of minority ethnic group
20.1
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Caring responsibilities
Caring for someone at home
• Some people have extra family
responsibilities because they look after
someone who's sick, disabled or elderly.
Is there anyone living with you who is
sick, disabled or elderly whom you
personally look after or give special help
to?
• 9%
Caring for someone elsewhere
• What about people not living with you, do
you personally provide some regular service
or help for any sick, disabled or elderly
relative, friend or neighbour not living with
you?
• 14%
• Therefore 20% care for someone living with
them or living elsewhere
Caring
%
Male
Female
All
Care for someone at
home
7
9
9
Care for someone
elsewhere
12
15
14
Care for someone at
home or elsewhere
17
22
20
Caring by family background
%
Not well
off
Average
Well off
Care for someone
at home
Care for someone
elsewhere
21
7
4
19
13
13
Care for someone
at home or
elsewhere
33
18
16
Caring at home: who?
• 48 respondents care for someone living
with them, including:
• Mother – 18 respondents
• Brother - 9 respondents
• Grandmother – 6 respondents
Caring at home: what?
• 48 respondents care for someone living
with them, including:
• Help parent with housework: 15
• General care with grandparent: 10
• Care for sick/disabled sibling: 6
• Support/general care for disabled or
sick parent
Caring elsewhere: who?
• 69 respondents care for someone not
living with them, including:
• Grandmother: 29 respondents
• Grandparents: 7 respondents
• Neighbour: 4 respondents
• Hospital: 2 respondents
• Bingo club: 2 respondents
• Youth club: 1 respondents
Caring elsewhere: what?
• Help grandparent with housework
and/or gardening: 29 respondents
• Help other relative with housework or
gardening: 13 respondents
• Other general or social care for
grandparent: 10 respondents
GHQ-12 and caring
Mean scores
% caseness
Is a carer
10.54
23.5
Is not a carer
9.93
20.6
Cares at home
11.26
28.3
Cares elsewhere
10.3
20.8
All respondents
10.05
21.1
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Disability
Prevalence
Long standing illness or disability: 7% of all
respondents
Limiting illness or disability: 5% of all
respondents
Marriage and disability - others
Do you think that most people in Northern Ireland
would mind or not mind if one of their close relatives
were to marry someone with a physical disability?
%
Mind a lot
5
Mind a little
42
Not mind at all
40
Don’t know
13
Marriage and disability - self
Would you personally mind or not mind if one of your
close relatives were to marry someone with a
physical disability?
%
Mind a lot
3
Mind a little
13
Not mind at all
77
Don’t know
8
About how many of your friends
would you say have a disability?
70
60
50
%
40
30
20
10
0
All or
most
Half
Less
than
half
None
Don't
know
Other
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Social pressures and
health-adverse behaviour
Social pressures
Have you ever felt pressurised to do any of the
following things (Percentage saying ‘yes’)
2007
2
10
2005
>1
9
Smoke cigarettes
Drink alcohol
Have sexual intercourse
24
33
11
22
29
6
Lose weight
27
21
Join a paramilitary organisation
Take illegal drugs
Social pressures
Source of pressure (%)
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
72
70
64
55
42
39
25
25
4 2
Drugs
37
12 10
1 3
2 3
Smoke
Friends
Sex
Drink
Peers
Media
Other
18
9
9
Weight
Social pressures and health
Respondents who had never done the following (%)
2004
2007
Males
Females
Males
Females
Smoked tobacco
55
48
62
51
Drunk alcohol
25
22
25
24
Used illegal Drugs
77
83
81
84
Taken solvents
94
94
94
95
Had sexual intercourse
75
80
79
75
n.a.
n.a.
87
64
Stopped eating to lose weight
Mental health and pressures
‘Caseness’ by social pressure experienced
Yes
No
30.0
20.3
Take illegal drugs
42.4***
18.6
Smoke cigarettes
27.8*
18.7
Drink alcohol
26.5*
18.1
Have sexual intercourse
35.4**
18.9
Lose weight
36.9***
13.5
Join a paramilitary organisation (n=3)
Mental health and pressures
‘Caseness’ by health-adverse behaviour
A few/many
times
Never
25.4
19.8
24.4***
10.1
Smoked tobacco
28.2*
18.4
Taken solvents (n=4)
26.7
21.2
Had sexual intercourse
30.9*
18.5
42.6***
15.1
Taken illegal drugs
Drunk alcohol
Stopped eating to lose weight
Attitudes to politics, children’s
rights and child poverty
Child poverty
Is there very little real child poverty in NI or is
there a lot?
50
40
47
47
43
39
29
30
28
24
24
18
20
10
0
There is a little
There is a lot
Well off
Average
Not well off
Don't know
Child poverty
• 86% of respondents say that child poverty
should be a high priority for the government
• 72% of respondents say that actual figure of
child poverty was much higher than they
thought
• 74% of respondents feel that laws should be
changed to prevent people from being
discriminated against because they are poor
Attitudes to politics
What should be the age from which people should
be entitled to vote (%)?
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
52
49
26
Well off
55
43
33 29
33
27
Average
Not well off
16 years
35
24
Planned Secondary
Integrated
18 years
43
Grammar
Attitudes to politics
Interest in and knowledge about politics (%)
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
29
33 37
26
22
18
12 12
6
3
1 1
A great deal Quite a lot
Interest
Some
Not very
much
Knowledge
None at all Don't know
Attitudes to politics
How well does the government protect your rights as a
young person? By community background (%)
40
30
32
22 20 23
23
26 26
35
28
18 17
20
10
5
10
13
3
0
Not a lot
A little
Catholic
Adequately
Protestant
Very well
Neither
Don't know
Attitudes to politics
How well does the government protect your rights as a
young person? By family financial background (%)
40
30
20
38
33
27 28
27 27
22
21
18
16
11
13
14
6
10
0
0
Not a lot
A little
Adequately
Not well off
Average
Very well
Well off
Don't know
What sort of society do you want
Northern Ireland to be in the future?
‘A multicultural society built on respect and tolerance. A
society free of hatred and discrimination. An all inclusive
society, one in which all feel proud to play an active part
within’
‘A place where money is nothing to worry about and
everyone can meet their basic needs’
‘A safe society where people aren't ever afraid to leave
their homes or say something out of place’
‘A society where people aren't bullied physically or
mentally because of their beliefs’
‘A clean safe environment for all the people of NI’
‘A cool one’
‘A fair one where you don't get things just because
of who you know in Sinn Fein or DUP! Young people
should be a priority as we are the future’
‘A caring society where no-one should have to live
with being discriminated against or their lives being
made unnecessarily hard’
‘I think the society and the future of NI and UK is
becoming so "politically correct" it is ironically
inhibiting the freedom of its inhabitants.’
Cross-Community Schemes:
Participation, motivation, mandate
Cross-community relations
Respondents saying relations between Catholics and
Protestants are better now than 5 years ago (%)
75
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
2003
2004
Catholic
2005
Protestant
2006
2007
No religion
Cross-community relations
Respondents saying that relations between Catholics
and Protestants will be better in 5 years than now (%)
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
2003
2004
Catholic
2005
Protestant
2006
2007
No religion
Cross-community relations
Respondents saying that relations between Catholics
and Protestants are better now than 5 years ago (%)
70
60
50
40
30
20
2005
2006
Well off
Average
2007
Not well off
Cross-community relations
Respondents saying that relations between Catholics
and Protestants will be better in 5 years than now (%)
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
2005
2006
Well off
Average
2007
Not well off
Cross-community relations
Respondents saying that religion will always make a
difference to the way people feel about each other in
Northern Ireland
90
85
80
75
70
65
60
2005
2006
Well off
Average
2007
Not well off
Cross-community relations
%
Well-off
Not well-off
Cath
Prot
Cath
Prot
Relations are better now
85
54
48
45
Relations are worse now
0
7 (n=4)
12
24
Relations will be better in 5 years
68
41
42
31
Relations will be worse in 5 years
n=1
Religion will always make a
difference
79
4 (n=2) 9 (n=3) 17 (n=5)
88
70
90
Hobbies
Hobby/Rank
N
%
Hobby/Rank
N
%
1. Sports
729
42
10. Dancing
44
3
2. Socialising; going out;
being with/talking to friends
154
9
11. Listening to music
40
2
3. Playing music/singing
115
7
12. Arts/Crafts/Photograp
hy
31
2
4. Computer/Internet/
Computer games
86
5
13. Watching TV
25
1
5. Reading
63
4
14. Acting/Drama
23
1
6. Shopping
58
3
15. Horse riding
22
1
7. Walking
54
3
16. Fishing
18
1
8. Youth or community group
53
3
17. Air/Army/Fire Cadets
10
<1
9. Cinema
46
3
18.Other
78 5
Hobbies
Average time spent on hobbies per week
50 %
43
40
35
31
24
30
28
23
20
10
4
8
2
4
0
<1 hour
1 to 4 hrs
Fem ale
5 to 9 hrs
Male
10+ hrs
Don't
know
Hobbies
Average money spent on hobbies per week
35 %
30
23
25
19
20
15
10
5
0
<5 Pounds
31
24
24 23
24
16
9
5-10
Pounds
Fem ale
11-20
Pounds
Male
+ 20
Pounds
8
Don't
know
Northern Ireland
Young Life and Times Survey
Forthcoming projects
1. Research Update on Family Life
2. Research Update on Health Behaviour
3. Completion of Peace II project on crosscommunity schemes (May 2008)
4. YLT book (Aug/Sept 2008)
5. 2008 survey with key areas: a) mental health,
suicide, self-harm; b) minority ethnic groups