Transcript Banks and Banking Chapter 5

Chapter 05
Financial Services: Savings Plans and Payment Accounts
5-1
A Cash Management Strategy
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Banks, saving and loan associations, credit
unions, and other financial institutions provide a
variety of financial services
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Account services provide customers with online
banking offering deposits, investments, credit
cards, loans, mortgages, rewards programs and
IRAs.
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A Cash Management Strategy
MEETING DAILY MONEY NEEDS
Cash, check, credit card, and debit cards are the most common
payment choices
Cash = Currency
No matter how carefully you manage your money, there may be
times when you will need more cash than you currently have
available. So you have two options:
1.
2.
Liquidate Savings
Borrow
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ATM (Automatic Teller Machines):
 Uses a “debit card”
 activates ATM transaction and is linked to a bank
account. It is like writing a check.
 ATM convenience can be expensive…FEES!!!
 Lost or stolen debit card:
 Notify within 2 days liability is $50
 After that it could be $500 up to 60 days
 Beyond that is unlimited
 But some card issuers may treat it like a credit card
with a $50 maximum
Watch Video on how
an ATM works…
A Cash Management Strategy (continued)
Common mistakes in managing cash
include…
1.Overspending from impulse buying and using
credit cards
2.Not having enough liquid assets (cash and
checking account) to pay current bills
3.Using savings or borrowing to pay for current
expenses
4.Failing to put unneeded funds in an interestearning savings account or investment plan
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A Cash Management Strategy (continued)
TYPES OF FINANCIAL SERVICES:
 Savings
 Time deposits in savings, CD’s
 Payment services
 Checking accounts are called demand deposits
 Automatic payments
 Borrowing for the short- or long-term
 Other financial services:
 Insurance, investment, real estate purchases, tax
assistance, and financial planning are additional
services you may use
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A Cash Management Strategy (continued)
Other types of financial services (continued)
 Trust
 A legal agreement that provides for the management and control of
assets by one party for the benefit of another
 Asset management account
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Also called a cash management account
Offered by brokers and financial institutions
Provides a complete financial service program for a single fee,
benefits include:
 Tracking money in one location
 Consolidated statements
 Lower fees due to higher balance aggregation
 Ease for tax reporting
 Ease for communicating financial issues to family
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A Cash Management Strategy
(continued)
ONLINE BANKING
 Benefits
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Time and Money savings
Convenience for customer
No paper trail for identity thieves
Online transfer of funds from one account to another
E-mail notification regarding due dates
 Concerns
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Privacy and security
Costly ATM fees
Difficulty depositing checks and cash
Overspending potential
Online scams; phishing and e-mail scams
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A Cash Management Strategy
(continued)
OPPORTUNITY COSTS OF FINANCIAL SERVICES
 Higher rate of return may be obtained at the cost
of lower liquidity
 Convenience of a 24-hour ATM should be
considered against service fees
 The “no fee” checking account with a $500 non-
interest-bearing minimum balance means lost
interest of nearly $400 at 6 percent compounded
over 10 years
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Financial Institutions
DEPOSIT INSTITUTIONS
 Commercial banks
 Offer a full range of services including checking,
savings, lending and other services
 Savings and loan associations
 Offer specialized savings plans, loans including
mortgages, and other financial planning services
 Mutual savings banks
 specialize in savings accounts and mortgage loans:
they are owned by their depositors
 Credit unions
 are user-owned, nonprofit cooperative financial
institutions
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Financial Institutions (continued)
OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
 Life insurance companies
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Offer insurance, plus savings and investment features; some offer
financial planning and retirement services
 Investment companies
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Are also referred to as Mutual Funds
Offer a money market fund on which you can write a limited number of
checks
 Finance companies
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Make short and medium term loans to consumers, but at higher rates
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Financial Institutions (continued)
OTHER FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS
 Mortgage companies
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Provide loans to customers so they can purchase homes
 Pawnshops
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Make loans on possessions but charge higher fees than other
financial institutions, used for quick cash
 Check-cashing outlets
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Charge 1-20% of the face value of a check: 2-3% is average
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CYHcXjJGyfc
http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&feature=endscreen&v=bh6Uq
G9nvQY
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Financial Institutions (continued)
Choosing a financial institution, by step:
Step 1: Prepare a list of important features.
Step 2: Rank the top 3 or 4 features, for you.
Step 3: Prepare a list of financial institutions.
Step 4: Conduct research for decision.
Step 5: Make decision based upon above.
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FDIC: Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
 Insurance that banks purchase to protect
deposits of customers against loss up to
$250,000 per depositor -in effect through
December 31, 2013. On January 1, 2014, the
standard insurance amount will return to $100,000 per
depositor for all account categories except IRAs and
other certain retirement accounts, which will remain at
$250,000 per depositor.
 FSLIC - Federal Savings and Loan Insurance
Corporation.- Insures depositors of savings
and loans up to $250,000.00 through 2013.
 Look for sign in institution.
Savings Plans
REGULAR SAVINGS ACCOUNTS
 Usually involve a low or no minimum balance
 Credit unions call them share accounts
 Difficult to obtain a rate that is higher than the inflation
rate.
CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSITS
 Require you to leave your money on deposit for a set
time period, otherwise you incur penalties
 Several types to chose from
 Consider all the earnings and all the costs
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5-16
Evaluating Savings Plans
RATE OF RETURN
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Percentage or yield is the increase in value due to interest
Example: a $100 savings account that earned $5 has a yield
of 5 percent
COMPOUNDING
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More frequent compounding means earning more interest on
interest previously earned
The annual percentage yield
 Purpose: to provide consistency when comparing different savings
options.
 Formula:
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APY = 100 (Interest/Principal)
 NOTE: Formula is applicable when the number of days in the term is 365 or when the
account does not have a stated maturity.
Example: Interest of $60 on principal of $1,200
=100 (60/1200) = 5% (APY)
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Evaluating Savings Plans (continued)
TRUTH IN SAVINGS
 Requires Disclosure of...
 Fees on deposit account
 The interest rate
 The annual percentage yield
 Other terms and conditions
INFLATION
 Compare your APY with inflation rate
TAX CONSIDERATIONS
 Taxes reduce interest earned on savings
 Taxes are not withheld from savings and investments;
you may owe additional taxes at year-end as a result
of earnings on saving
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Evaluating Savings Plans (continued)
LIQUIDITY
 Allows you to withdraw money on short notice without
penalty or fees
SAFETY
 FDIC insures up to $250,000 per person per financial
institution
RESTRICTIONS AND FEES
 Several restrictions can affect the choice of a savings
program
 Delay in time between earned and posted,
transactions fees from deposits and withdrawals, time
money has to be left in a deposit account in order to
receive a “free” gift, etc.
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Payment Methods
ELECTRONIC PAYMENTS
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Debit Card – Is like writing a check
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Online Payment –most credit cards now offer this service
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Stored-value card-A type of electronic bank debit card that has a specific dollar
value programmed into it. Banks provide these cards as a service for customers who
cannot open checking or other deposit accounts.
 Closed-loop cards have a one-time limit; merchant gift cards and prepaid phone
cards are two examples.
 Open-loop cards, on the other hand, can be reloaded with cash and used again.
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Smart Card – A smart card is a plastic card about the size of a credit card, with an embedded
microchip that can be loaded with data, used for telephone calling, electronic cash payments, and
other applications, and then periodically refreshed for additional use. Currently or soon, you may be
able to use a smart card to:
 Dial a connection on a mobile telephone and be charged on a per-call basis
 Establish your identity when logging on to an Internet access provider or to an online bank
 Pay for parking at parking meters or to get on subways, trains, or buses
 Give hospitals or doctors personal data without filling out a form
 Make small purchases at electronic stores on the Web (a kind of cyber cash)
 Buy gasoline at a gasoline station
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Checking Account
 A banking service where you deposit money into an
account and checks (drafts) can be written to withdraw
money from the account when needed.
 Is known as a demand deposit, because you can
demand portions of your deposited funds when you
want.
 Only the depositor (maker) can write checks on the
account
 Usually pay a fee for checking services unless you keep
a minimum balance in your account.
 A check is a negotiable instrument, because it
promises to pay a sum on a certain date.
Opening A Checking Account
 When you open up new checking account,
you will fill out a signature card.
 A signature card provides the bank with
important info and your official signature so
they can verify checks you have written.
Checking Accounts
EVALUATING CHECKING ACCOUNTS
 Need to be evaluated based on :
 Restrictions
 Fees and charges
 Interest rate and computation method
 Special services, such as overdraft protection
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Checking Accounts
MANAGING YOUR CHECKING ACCOUNT

Opening a Checking Account
 Individual or joint account
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Making Deposits
 Deposit ticket
 Endorsement
 Blank endorsement
 Just sign the check
 Restrictive endorsement
 For Deposit Only
 Special endorsement
 Pay to the order of
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Blank Endorsement
Should only be used when you are depositing or
cashing a check, since a check can be cashed by
anyone once it is signed
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Restrictive
Endorsement
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Special
Endorsement
Allows you to transfer a check to someone else
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Bank Deposit Slip Example
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Checking Accounts
 Writing Checks – Write with INK
1.Record the date
2.Write the name
3.Record the amount
4.Write the amount in words
5.Sign the check
6.Note the reason for payment
7.Record the check in your checkbook register
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Sample Check
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If the two amounts do not match, which
one does the bank use?
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Name The Type of Endorsement
__________________
__________________
__________________
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Checking Accounts
• Cancelled Checks – Checks that the bank has
processed(cleared)
• Can use them as a receipt of payment
• Outstanding Checks – Checks that you have
written that the bank has not processed yet.
 Reconciling your checking account
1.Used to compare the bank’s balance and your
checkbook balance.
2.Reasons for differences:
a.
b.
c.
Interest earned
Checks that have not cleared
Deposits not yet received by bank
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Checking Accounts
Overdraft
A check that cannot be covered by the funds in your
account.
When an overdraft occurs and the check is returned,
the check has “bounced” (rubber checks)
You will also get charged a FEE for each NSF
(non-sufficient funds) check that is processed.
When checks bounce, the bank notifies you in writing.
Some banks will send you an email or text.
You definitely need to consider having some type of
overdraft protection on your checking account.
Payment Methods (continued)
OTHER PAYMENT METHODS
 Certified check
 Personal check with guaranteed payment
 Cashier’s check
 Check of a financial institution you get by paying the
face amount plus a fee
 Money order
 Purchase at financial institution, post office, store
 Traveler’s check
 Sign each check twice
 Electronic traveler’s checks - prepaid travel card
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