Transcript Slide 1

Homework, Page 604
Use substitution to solve the system of equations.
21
25
7
1. x  3 y  z  0

x


2

0

x

x  3    2   0
2
2
2
7

y

2 y  3 z  1 2 y  3  2   1  2 y  6  1  2 y  7
2
z  2
 25 7

,
,

2


2
2


Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 1
Homework, Page 604
Use Gaussian elimination to solve the system of equations.
x  y  z  3
5.
4 x  y  5
3 x  2 y  z  4
x  y  z  3
4 y  4 z  7
5 y  4 z  5
8 15
12
5
 15 

x





x


x  y  z  3 x  2      3
4 4
4
4
 4
15

z


4 y  4 z  7 4  2   4 z  7  4z  15
4
y2
15 
 5

,2,



4
 4
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 2
Homework, Page 604
Perform the indicated elementary row operations on the matrix.
 2 6 4 
 0 2 3


 3 1 2 
9.
 3 2  R1  R3
 2 6 4 
 0 2 3


 3 1 2 
 3 2  R1  R3
6
4   2 6 4 
 2
 0
2
3   0 2 3

 

3  3 9  1 6  2  0 8 4 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 3
Homework, Page 604
What elementary row operations applied to the matrix will yield the given
matrix.
 2 1 1 2
 1 2 3 0 


 3 1 1 2
13.
 1 2 3 0 
 2 1 1 2


 3 1 1 2
R12
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 4
Homework, Page 604
Find a row echelon form for the matrix.
17.  1 3 1
2 1 4


 3 0 1 
1
 2  R1  R2   0
 3
1 3
3R3  R2  0 20

0 9
1
 9  R2  R3  0
0
3 1
1 3 1
7 6   3R1  R3  0 7 6 



0 1 
0 9 2
1
1 3 1
1
0   R2  0 1 0 
 20


2 
0 9 2 
3 1
1 3 1
 1
1 0      R3  0 1 0 
  2


0 2 
0 0 1 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 5
Homework, Page 604
Find the reduced row echelon form for the matrix.
21. 1 0 2 1 
3 2 4 7 


 2 1 3 4 
1 0 2 1 
0 1 1 2 


0 0 0 0 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 6
Homework, Page 604
Write the augmented matrix corresponding to the system of equations.
25. 2 x  3 y  z  1
 x  y  4 z  3
3x  z  2
 2 3 1 1 
 1 1 4 3


 3 0 1 2 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 7
Homework, Page 604
Write the system of equations corresponding to the augmented matrix.
29.  3 2 1
 4 5 2 


3x  2 y  1
4 x  5 y  2
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 8
Homework, Page 604
Solve the system of equations by finding a row echelon form for the
augmented matrix.
33. x  2 y  z  8
2 x  y  3 z  9
3 x  y  3z  5
 1 2 1 8 
 2 1 3 9 


 3 1 3 5 
1 0 0 2 
0 1 0 1   2, 1, 4 


0 0 1 4 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 9
Homework, Page 604
Solve the system of equations by finding the reduced row echelon form for the
augmented matrix.
x  y  3z  2
37.
3 x  4 y  10 z  5
x  2 y  4z  3
1 1 3 2
3 4 10 5 


1 2 4 3
1 0 2 0 
0 1 1 0   No solution


0 0 0 1 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 10
Homework, Page 604
Solve the system of equations by finding the reduced row echelon form for the
augmented matrix.
x  2y  4
41.
3x  4 y  5
2x  3y  4
1 2 4 
3 4 5 


 2 3 4 
1 0 0 
0 1 0 

  No solution
0 0 1 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 11
Homework, Page 604
Write the system of equations as a matrix equation AX = B, with A as the
coefficient matrix of the system.
45. 2 x  5 y  3
x  2y 1
 2 5   x   3 
 1 2    y    1 

    
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 12
Homework, Page 604
Solve the system of equations by using an inverse matrix.
49. 2 x  3 y  13
4 x  y  5
3
 1
 14 14 
 2 3  x   13
1
A 
   

AX  B  


2
1


 4 1   y   5 
 7 7 
3
 1
 x   14 14   13  2 
1
X  A B    

      2,3 
2
1
y

5
  
 3
 
 7 7 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 13
Homework, Page 604
Solve the system of equations by using an inverse matrix.
2 x  y  z  w  3
53.
x  2 y  3z  w  12
3x  y  z  2w  3
2 x  3 y  z  3w  3
 1, 2, 2,3
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 14
Homework, Page 604
53.
 2 1 1
 1 2 3
AX  B  
 3 1 1

 2 3 1
 5
  12
 x   13
 y 

X  A1 B     12
z
7

 
 w  6
 7

 4
1
5 
 5


1
 12
3
12 


1   x   3
13
2
1

1  
1   y  12 
3
12 
        A1   12
 7
2  z  3 
1
1

1  
    
3  w  3
3
6
 6
 7
3
1
2  

4
 4
1
5 

1
3
12 

2
1   3  1
1 
 
3
12  12   2 

    1, 2, 2,3


3
1
1
1      2 
3
6   3  3 
 
3
1
2  
4
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 15
Homework, Page 604
Use the method of your choice to solve the system of equations.
57. x  2 y  2 z  w  5
2x  y  2z  5
3 x  3 y  3 z  2 w  12
x  z  w 1
1
2

3

1
5  1
5  0
 
3 3 2 12  0
 
1 1 1 1  0
2 2 1
1 2 0
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
3
3
   3,3, 2,0 
0 1 0 2 

0 0 1 0
0 0 0
1 0 0
Slide 7- 16
Homework, Page 604
Use the method of your choice to solve the system of equations.
61. 2 x  y  z  4 w  1
x  2y  z  w 1
x  y  z  2w  0
2
1

1

0
1 1 4 1 1
2 1 1 1  0
 
1 1 2 0  0
 
0 0 0 0  0
0 0 2 1
1 0 1 1 
   1  2 w,1  w,  w, w 
0 1 1 0

0 0 0 0
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 17
Homework, Page 604
Use the method of your choice to solve the system of equations.
x  y  z  2w  0
65.
y  z  2w  1
x  y  3w  3
2 x  2 y  z  5w  4
1
0

1

2
1 1 2 0  1
1 1 2 1 0
 
1 0 3 3  0
 
2 1 5 4  0
0 0 0 0
1 0 3 0
  No solution
0 1 1 0

0 0 0 1
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 18
Homework, Page 604
Determine f so that its graph contains the given points.
69. Family of Curves f  x   ax 2  bx  c   1, 4  , 1, 2 
f  x   ax 2  bx  c   1, 4  , 1, 2 
4  a  1  b  1  c  a  b  c  4
2
2  a 1  b 1  c
2
 a  b  c  2
1 1 1 4  1 0 1 3
1 1 1 2   0 1 0 1 

 

0 0 0 0  0 0 0 0 
f  x     c  3 x 2  x  c for any c
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 19
Homework, Page 604
73.
Children ride a train for 25 cents, adults pay $1.00, and seniors pay 75
cents. On a given day, 1400 passengers paid $740 for their rides. There were
250 more children than all other passengers. Find the number of children,
adults, and senior riders.
a  adults
c  children
s  seniors
a  c  s  1400
a  0.25c  0.75s  740
a  s  c  250  a  c  s  250
1 0.25 0.75 740  1 0 0 410
1 1
1
1400   0 1 0 825 

 

1
250  0 0 1 165 
1 1
410 adults; 825 children; and 165 seniors
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Slide 7- 20
Homework, Page 604
77.
Morgan has $50,000 to invest and wants to receive $5,000 interest the
first year. He puts part in CDs earning 5.75% APY, part in bonds earning 8.7%
APY, and the rest in a growth fund earning 14.6% APY. How much should he
put in each fund if he puts the least amount possible in the growth fund.
c  CDs
b  bonds
g  growth fund
b  g  50000
0.087b  0.146 g  5000
CDs  $0.00
Bonds  $38,983.05
Growth fund  $11,016.95
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 21
Homework, Page 604
Use inverse matrices to find the equilibrium point for the supply and demand
curves.
p  100  5 x Demand curve
81.
p  20  10 x Supply curve
p  100  5 x  p  5 x  100
p  20  10 x  p  10 x  20
AX  B
1 
2
3 
1 5   p  100   A1   3
1 10    x    20 
1
1 

    
15
 15
1 
2
1
 p  3
3  100 73 3 
 
x  1
1   20   5 1 
 
15
 15
 3
5 1 ,73 1
3
3


Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 22
7.4
Partial Fractions
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
What you’ll learn about




Partial Fraction Decomposition
Denominators with Linear Factors
Denominators with Irreducible Quadratic Factors
Applications
… and why
Partial fraction decompositions are used in calculus in
integration and can be used to guide the sketch of the
graph of a rational function.
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 24
Partial Fraction Decomposition of f(x)/d(x)
1. Degree of f  degree of d : Use the division algorithm to divide f by d to obtain the
f ( x)
r ( x)
quotient q and remainder r and write
 q( x) 
.
d ( x)
d ( x)
2. Factor d ( x) into a product of factors of the form (mx  n)u or (ax 2  bx  c) v , where
ax 2  bx  c is irreducible.
3. For each factor (mx  n)u : The partial fraction decomposition of r ( x) / d ( x) must
Au
A1
A2
include the sum


...

, where A1 , A2 ,..., Au are real numbers.
2
u
mx  n  mx  n 
 mx  n 
4. For each factor (ax 2  bx  c)v : The partial fraction decomposition of r ( x) / d ( x) must
Bv x  Cv
B1 x  C1
B2 x  C2
include the sum 2

 ... 
, where B1 , B2 ,..., Bv
v
2
ax  bx  c ax 2  bx  c 2
ax  bx  c




and C1 , C2 ,..., Cv are real numbers.
The partial fraction decomposition of the original rational function is the sum of q( x) and
the fractions in parts 3 and 4.
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 25
Example Decomposing a Fraction with
Distinct Linear Factors
3x  3
Find the partial fraction decomposition of
.
 x  1 x  2 
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 26
Example Decomposing a Fraction with
Repeated Linear Factors
Find the partial fraction decomposition of
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
3x  3
 x  1  x  2 
2
.
Slide 7- 27
Example Decomposing a Fraction with an
Irreducible Quadratic Factor
Find the partial fraction decomposition of
 x 2  3x  1
x
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
2

 2  x  1
.
Slide 7- 28
Example Reversing a Decomposed
Fraction to Identify the Parent Function
Find the function that yields the partial fraction decomposition:
2
1
x 3

.
x 1 x  3
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 29
Homework



Homework Assignment #12
Read Section 7.5
Page 614, Exercises: 1 – 49 (EOO), skip 45
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 30
7.5
Systems of Inequalities in Two
Variables
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Quick Review
Find the x- and y -intercepts of the line.
1. 3 x  4 y  24
x
y
2.

1
20 30
Find the point of intersection of the two lines.
3. x  y  3 and 2 x  y  5
4. x  y  1 and y  3 x  1
5. 7 x  3 y  10 and x  y  1
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 32
Quick Review Solutions
Find the x- and y -intercepts of the line.
1. 3 x  4 y  24 (0,6) and (8,0)
x
y
2.

 1 (0,30) and (20,0)
20 30
Find the point of intersection of the two lines.
3. x  y  3 and 2 x  y  5 (8/3,1/3)
4. x  y  1 and y  3 x  1 (0,1)
5. 7 x  3 y  10 and x  y  1 (1.3,0.3)
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 33
What you’ll learn about



Graph of an Inequality
Systems of Inequalities
Linear Programming
… and why
Linear programming is used in business and
industry to maximize profits, minimize costs, and to
help management make decisions.
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 34
Steps for Drawing the Graph of an
Inequality in Two Variables
1. Draw the graph of the equation obtained
by replacing the inequality sign by an equal
sign. Use a dashed line if the inequality
is < or>. Use a solid line if the inequality
is ≤ or ≥.
2. Check a point in each of the two regions of
the plane determined by the graph of the
equation. If the point satisfies the inequality,
then shade the region containing the point.
Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 35
Example Graphing a Linear Inequality
Draw the graph of y  2 x  4. State the boundary of the region.
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
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      


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
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








Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 36
Example Solving a System of Inequalities
Graphically
Solve the system 2 x  3 y  4 and y  x2 .
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      


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

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





Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 37
Example Solving a Word Problem
38.
Paul’s diet is to contain at least 24 units of carbohydrates and 16 units
of protein. Food substance A costs $1.40 per unit and each unit contains 3
units of carbohydrates and 4 units of protein. Food substance B costs $0.90 per
unit and each unit contains 2 units of carbohydrates and 1 units of protein.
How many units of each food substance should be purchased to minimize
cost? What is the minimum cost?
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
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




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











Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Pearson Addison-Wesley
Slide 7- 38