Transcript Slide 1
Presented by Eng. D R Pullaperuma –Chairman Project Engineer Eng. N K Edirisinghe
With Guidance Provided by
Eng. D D A Namal, Director General Eng. Parakrama Jayasinghe, Board Director
NERD Centre Established as a pioneer engineering R&D institution
Our strengths as at now Civil - Cost Effective Housing Technology -A house with desired quality at an affordable price Design, Fabrication & Consultancy to Industry - Intricate dies and moulds Mechatronics Agriculture & Post Harvest - Support for plantation and agriculture Renewable Energy
Cost Effective Housing Technology
Cost effectiveness in areas ◦ Plinth beam as against rubble foundation ◦ Pre-stressed concrete columns ◦ Slip form wall ◦ Cement soil block wall ◦ Pre-stressed concrete door and window frames ◦ 2” thick composite concrete floor slab ◦ Pre-stressed concrete trusses & purling for roof
Cost Effective………………… Contd.
◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ ◦ Library projects Anuradhapura for Districts Presidential Secretariat schools with in the Monaragala, initiation of The Civil Defense personnel engaged in constructions Architect Mr. G S J Disanayake, BoD introducing architectural input to cost effective buildings Pollonaruwa Nurses Quarters’ presently construction with such architectural inputs being Designed 500 sq.ft. 2 story green building to tourist industry – hotel site.
Await stakeholder to construct same at a
Design, Fabrication and Consultancy to Industry
We can offer to the industry Intricate dies and moulds Computer aided 3D modeling CAD/CAM applications CNC machining Plastic injection mould design and manufacture using CAD/CAM Reverse engineering solutions to industry
Design, Fabrication…………. Contd.
Design and manufacture of injection moulds, rubber pressure moulds and press tools for plastic, rubber and sheet metal industry Use of saw dust and paddy husk in plastic processing Development of CNC controlled PCB Drilling and Engraving Machine For the future Development of Versatile Robot Arm for moulding industry
Mechatronics
Need assessment Provide industry automation solutions using ◦ PLC ◦ Pneumatic ◦ Electro-pneumatic ◦ Electro hydraulic ◦ Servo and stepper motor control Offer training using a training simulator
Mechatronics …………… Contd.
Dr. Rohan Munasinghe, BoD specialized Mechatronics Engineering provides guidance to the NERDC Mechatronics Design Centre proposed to be built at Homagama Science Park as an extension of the NERD Centre Few projects on Mechatronics to be developed in collaboration with Moratuwa University.
Agriculture & Post Harvest Technology
Support for plantation and agriculture Appropriate farm mechanization developed -Bund cutting machine -Mechanized Fertilizer Application for coconut trees
Agriculture & Post………
Post Harvest support - Motorized m/c for extracting palmyrah juice and pulp -Virgin coconut oil extractor (HH & industry ) -Industry string hopper making m/c -Vegetable Slicer (Manioc) -Items developed for pepper harvesting - Development of Flap Gate for irrigational purposes
Biogas Biomass ◦ Household ◦ Industry
Renewable Energy
Wind Energy ◦ For Water pump ◦ For electricity generation Micro Hydro testing facility Cost effective crematorium/incinerators using LP gas
What we anticipate at this Market Place
Need assessment Identify the needs of the Industry for R&D New areas of industry for collaboration Partners for existing areas of research New Licensees for products developed
Biomass product for the Household – 2 important Items
1.Bio mass rice cooker
Main features
Can cook 01 kg rice using the 2 shells of 01 coconut.
Cooking time - 40 min.
No over cooking or burning at the bottom
No blackening of the rice pan
Can keep rice warm for 07 hours
Can boil 2.5 -3 liters of water
Can make 100 nos. of string hoppers.
Solves environmental problem due to throwing of coconut shells to the surrounding.
Existing Licensees 6 No
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2. Natural Draft Wood gas stove
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Main features
Operation type
Operating time
Capacity
Can cook -
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batch 50 - 60 min.
600g 01KG of rice 300g sprats 250g of darl Mallum
Biomass Product for the Industry
Industrial stove
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Features
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Fuel
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Capacity
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Fire wood consumption rate
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No ash added to food
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Portable
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NO heat and smoke exposure to the operator
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Heat controllable : Fire wood : 20 litre : 04 kg/hr
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Applications
• Hotels •Canteens •Refugee Camps • Army Camps, etc.
Large scale cooking Small & Medium Scale Industries • Milk industry • Kithul industry • Confectionary industry • Ayurvedic industry 4/30/2020
Existing Licensees 3 Nos
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03 Technologies for domestic and cottage level industries
Need more New Licensees Present License Charge - Rs.7500/- (Wood Gas Stove and Rice Cooker) , Rs.10,000 (Industrial Stove) Annual Renewal Fee - Rs.1500 (Wood Gas Stove and Rice Cooker) , Rs.1000 (Industrial Stove)
Chip wood feeding combustion chamber As against log wood or Jungle wood burning Can eventually feed Grilicidia pieces Support sustainability Even combustion Field trials very encouraging
Why Chip Wood
End of Oil is already here. Coal is not far behind
How is Sri Lanka Affected in a Scenario of Depleting Fuels?
Over dependence on fossil fuels Drain on foreign exchange Exploration in progress, promises natural gas commercially viability yet to be assess Exploration and commercially viability of oil ?
We have no proven fossil fuel reserves Fuel Imports $ 3.0 Billion per Year and rising Should we not think of Bio Mass
Energy Options for Industry
In a scenario of Depleting fossil fuels
LOCAL ENERGY SCENARIO • Overall Scenario by Sector / Source 26% Industry Energy Consumption by Sector in 2007 (Total 8,233.0 TOE) 48% Transport 26% HH, Comm, & Other 17% 12% 71% Biomass Petroleum Electricity Energy Consumption in Household, Commercial & others by Source in 2007 (Total 3,987.8 TOE)
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Energy Consumption in Industry by Source in 2007 9% (Total 2,111.0 TOE) 11% 80% Biomass Petroleum Electricity
We have Emphasized on Biomass
To maximize the use of indigenous resources Reduce over dependence on fossil fuels Reduce drain on foreign exchange Adoption of eco friendly and sustainable practices Encourage growing grilicidia & use for combustion Carbon Neutral
Why did we select Tea Sector
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524000 MT of annual Consumption of fuel wood
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70% of the total fuel wood consumption in Agro
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Industrial sector is used by Tea Industry
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Wood Logs are the main form of fuel wood
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Logs from Rubber plantations
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Logs from jungle fuel wood Hence Improving Efficiency of Combustion is a dire need
Use of Biomass Energy in Tea Industry
Main Use
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Generating hot air for drying tea Other Uses
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Withering Estimated total fuel wood consumed by Tea industry– 326,000 MT Rubber – 294,000 MT + Other 32,000 MT
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Switching from wood logs to wood chips
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How wood chips can improve the efficiency?
25 units - EXCESS 50 units EXCESS Wood chips Wood log 100 units 100 units
Combustion air Combustion air • •
Wood chips dries faster With wood chips mechanized feeding possible
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Conventional system of manual feeding of Wood logs 4/30/2020 Improved mechanized system for feeding of wood chips at Deenside Tea Factory, Gampola 32
ANIMATED IMPROVED SYSTEM
MOTOR CONTROLLER FURNACE HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE SENSOR TEA DRYER GRATE
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Dryer Inlet Air Temperature - Compared 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 10.00
10.50
Rubber wood chips Glricidia pieces Wood logs 11.4
12.30
13.20
14.10
Time - hr 15.00
15.50
16.40
17.30
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CONTINOUS CHARGING OF FUEL WOOD CHIPS USING SCREW TYPE FEEDING SYSTEM
Advantages 1 ). Could be retrofitted to existing system without any modifications.
2). At any time the system could be reverted back to conventional system 3). Charging of wood chips is required at 20 – 30 minutes intervals.
4). Controlled feeding of fuel wood can be achieved.
5). Specific fuel wood consumption can be maintained 0.7 0 1 kg of fuel wood chips per kg of dried tea.
Cost of the equipment LKR. 800,000.00
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The new wood chips feeding system developed.
FLEXIBLE TYPE SCREW FEEDING SYSTEM WITH ATWIN-SCREW DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM FOR FUEL WOOD CHIPS
Specific consumption of fuel wood in tea manufacturing Specific consumption of fuel wood (Fuel wood/Made Tea) is in the range of 1 – 2.3 kg fuel wood / kg Made tea Performance of pilot plant of wood chips feeding system in tea drying Type of fuel wood Moisture content of fuel wood % (WB) Quantity of dried tea (kg) Quantity of Fuel fuel wood (kg) wood/Dried Tea
Rubber fuel wood chips 20 - 35 Gliricedia & jungle fuel wood chips 4/30/2020 25 - 45 3237 1829 2298 1628 0.71
37 0.89
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Improved biomass combustion system for Tea Industry
The second largest black tea producer in the world Total employment for over one million people.
As a GHG, carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is the single largest contributor to climate change.
Fuel consumption by the tea sectors in India, Sri Lanka and Vietnam contribute to CO 2 emissions annually by 1.352 millions, 0.708 and 0.085 million tons respectively.
Thus a need has arisen to promote and adopt Energy Efficient and Environmentally Sound Technologies (E3ST) in the tea sector.
Hence the need for adaptation of this new technology by factory owners using either diesel or logwood for combustion 4/30/2020 39
The Next Step
50 factories (approx.) uses diesel for combustion 5 Nos. of licensees given the technology developed previously. Drier capacity 130 Kg/hr.
NERDC has now developed the technology to suit even higher capacity factories (270 Kg/hr. and above). Need new/existing licensees to undertake conversion From a national point of view this conversion is very necessary (very soon there will not be adequate quantities of logwood for tea drying)
Existing Licensees
payment and Rs.5000/- annual renewal fee ) M/s Puritas, Colombo M/s Metropolitan, Colombo M/s Helix, Colombo M/s Mavusta, Panadura In 2010 given to M/S Glide, Boralasgamuwa (Rs.25,000 initial payment and Rs.5000/- annual renewal fee ) No records of conversions carried out
Constraints Preventing Wide Spread Adoption Biomass Energy Technologies
Lack of awareness of the advantages and availability of technologies Fear of shortage of biomass supplies Lack of capital for conversion Cost of energy not being a major component of the cost of production and thus not being considered a priority.
Lack of awareness on the requirement of sustainability.
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World Energy Outlook for Bio Mass
Renewable Energy in focus Green production attracting premium prices Buyers demanding low carbon footprints for products 43
As it is the Sri Lanka Situation
If Gliricidia is grown can even reduce the Importation of Urea Fertilizer Saving on Fertilizer Subsidy
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