GLOBALIZATION AND CHANGE: CHALLENGES FOR TOMORROW’S EDUCATION

Prof Eric Cornuel

WHAT ENVIRONMENT?

• Great accomplishments.

• Changes all over...

GREAT ACCOMPLISHMENTS

• In July 19, 2004, scientists from the South European Observatory saw, for the first time in History, a planet from out of the Solar System. It was observed that: – The planet is 5 times bigger than Jupiter.

– Its temperature is above 1000 Celsius degrees.

– It is at a distance of 230 light years from the Earth.

GREAT ACCOMPLISHMENTS

• In November 16, 2004, NASA airplane X-43A reached 11.000 km/h.

– Over three Km/sec.

– 10 times the speed of sound. •Singapore commercial airplanes have equivalent computing power in the on-board entertainment system as in the pilot cockpit.

SOCIAL CHANGE

• Norway Minister of Economy announced his wedding commitment with his fiancé, a top executive from the advertising sector. • The Mayors of Paris and Berlin live openly as homosexuals.

ECONOMIC CHANGES

• • •

India joins world leadership in software development. China goes for world leadership in industry, challenging the world top powers: U.S.A and Europe. The Japanese stock market lost in just one week of August 1998 more value than that produced by the Russian economy in one year.

(Thurow, L.C. “Building Wealth: The New Rules for Individuals, Companies and Nations in a Knowledge-based Economy”. Harper Collins, N.Y).

US $bn 50,000 45,000 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 China

The Largest Economies in 2050

US India Japan Brazil Russia UK Germany France Italy Source: Goldman Sachs

VALUES CHANGE

• Problem presented by Singapore Christian Church: – “God has a problem of image. Can you help?”.

• Solution presented by Reimer Thedens, President and CEO of OgilvyOne Worldwide: – Messages through cellular phones for specific persons: • “Thank me, it’s Friday!”, God.

• “Even I rested on the seventh day”, God.

• “I want you to come home today”, God.

CHANGING VALUES

• Bill Clinton received $ 8 million for his memories.

• 37% of British want to see Beckham’s face on ten pound note bills. (Sydsvenskan, August, 2003).

• Juniziro Koizumi, former Japanese Prime Minister, is a fan of Heavy Metal music.

A NEW PLANET

• At the beginning of the XX Century less than15% of the countries in the world had a market economy.

• In the 70’s the percentage had increased to 40%.

• Today, it is around 90% .

CAPITALISM:THE ONE AND ONLY

• China: 1.3 billion.

• Indian sub-continent: 1 billion.

• Former Soviet Union: 200 million.

• Indonesia: 160 million.

• Belgium: 10 million … • Israel: 7.2 million…………

IN NORWAY...

• 4 million people can choose between: – 200 different newspapers.

– 100 weekly magazines.

– 20 TV channels.

IN SWEDEN...

• 9 million people...have gone from being able to choose among 50 types of beer to 350, in less than 10 years.

MUCH OF EVERYTHING

• The average North American supermarket has around 40,000 products.

– An average family needs 150 products to satisfy 80% of its needs. • • Amazon.com offered more than 150,000 different books about business and investment. (amazon.com).

www.live365.com

offers listening to 40,000 radio stations from all over the world.

CHANGE HAS CHANGED • It is not anymore progressive additions over what already exists.

• It is now discontinuous and abrupt.

• Cost of decoding a human gene: – From millions of dollars to $100 in just one generation.

• Cost of storing a megabyte: – From hundreds of $ to 0.

• Internet’s ubiquity has erased geography from our concerns.

WORK AND WORK

•Unions have not demanded a reduction in working hours per week since the end of World War II (except in France!). That clearly reflects the pressure for higher incomes.

•“… some days I work 14 hours, but most of the time, I do not work more than 12. During the weekend, I rarely work more than 8.” Bill Gates.

A NEW RYTHM

• The average North American citizen currently works 25% more than what he did at the beginning of the 70’s.

• A working day in Hong Kong (finance): – From 7:00 to 18:00 in the office.

– Then, free time (gym, movies, etc.) and dinner.

– Back to work to connect with New York for the opening of the stock market.

– Result: 15 hours per work day...

M.B.A.’s EVERYWHERE

• Number of M.B.A. Students in British Business Schools : – ‘60: 5,000 – ‘99: 75,000 – ’07: 90,000 Since the 60’s the number of graduates per year in Business Administration has increased by 1,500%, just in the U.S.A. • In Hungary there are 50 institutions of Business Administration, over 1000 in India and close to 12000 worldwide (GFME report, 2007).

EVERYONE GOES TO UNIVERSITY

• The breach between the average weekly earnings of those who went to secondary school and those who went to university have increased from 28% to 43% in the last 20 years.

A KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

•30 years ago: •40% of world population worked as labour force in manufacturing industry.

•Nowadays it is only 16%, and coming down.

•“The knowledge economy represents 80% or more of the total economic activity in the world, which means one of the greatest structural transformations in the last 30 years.” (Giddens) In a “modern” company, 80% of the tasks performed by its employees depend on their intellect

BEING UPDATED

• The average life of worker’s knowledge is about 3,5 years.

• Every 5 years, technology becomes obsolete.

• In the present decade (2000 - 2010) between 50% and 70% of current technology will be substituted.

• Between 30 and 50% (depending on regions) of the people between 25 and 64 years old, in Europe, have less knowledge than what is necessary to live in present days.

Source: UNESCO .

SCIENCE AS A WEALTH GENERATOR

•Between 1900 and 1950, Science was the main source of wealth.

• Bell laboratories.

• Sarnoff laboratories.

• Watson laboratories.

• Compact disk • Anti-cholesterol drugs • 747 • Optic fiber • Voice recognition • Kevlar • LCD • Etc.

MARKETING AS WEALTH GENERATOR

After the War, wealth creation was linked to the consumption society.

• Coca Cola • Procter • Unilever • Nestlé • Kellog • Etc.

• Emphasis was on manufacture and marketing – Advertising – Distribution – Pricing – Etc.

IMAGINATION AS WEALTH GENERATOR

(Virgin, Dell, Ikea, Cisco, Yahoo, Southwest Airlines, etc.) • The starting point is irrelevant.

• Development time is minimun (weeks).

• Clients participate in development with real time feed back.

VISIONARIES WITH IMAGINATION

• Bill Gates (Microsoft) • Ted Turner (CNN) • †Anita Roddick (The Body Shop) • Andy Grove (Intel) • Jeff Bezos (Amazon.com) • Howard Schultz (Starbuck’s) • Mickey Drexler (The Gap) • Michael Dell (Dell Computer)

FROM DREAMS TO REALITIES

DREAMS • Explore other worlds.

• Overcome old age.

• Transcend distance.

• Transform the environment.

• Store knowledge.

REALITIES • Cultivation of skin tissue.

• Video conference.

• Virtual reality.

• Internet.

There has never been a shorter distance between imagination and facts.

THE BEST IS STILL TO COME

•The integration of technology and genetics is already happening:

BIOINFORMATICS BIOCOMPUTING BIOSCIENCE BIOENGINEERING

+ = ¿ ?

The world is flat, and getting smaller!

THE END OF GEOGRAPHY

•Prunes from the U.S

•Dates from Tunisia.

•Apricots from Turkey.

•In a French retailer.

•...in Spain.

THE END OF GEOGRAPHY

• Switzerland holds the America’s sailing cup.

• The Russian group Bering Strait won a Grammy Award in U.S.A. • British Football League (1999): in the match between the teams of Chelsea and Southhampton, Chelsea had not a single British player.

– They had players from Romania, Holland, Norway, Nigeria, Uruguay, Spain, Brazil, France and Italy.

More and more interconnected people...

15.7%

of world population

0.4%

of world population

Copyright Sean Rush

DONE WHERE IT’S CHEAP

A CREDIT CARD CULTURE

• Not having money in a particular time can’t be an obstacle to buy.

• The credit card culture that allows to “enjoy it now and pay later” is being reinforced.

(“Amusing Ourselves to Death” Neil Postman. New york University).

And if nobody can pay…

The state will pay for…

« We have nationalized the banks, auto industry is next,…, we now resemble the very country we love to mock! »

STRUCTURAL ISSUES IN EDUCATION

• SILO VERSUS MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH • INNOVATION • COOPERATION AND INTERNATIONALIZATION • FACULTY AND TEACHER SHORTAGE

39

The traditional view of a learner experience was fragmented and in

SILOS

.

Elementary Middle School High School Univ.

Employment Source: American Higher Education Report, Milken Institute, May 2008

40

An Educational Continuum: Removing traditional boundaries and building a learner centric industry.

Primary Middle School High School Univ.

Employment A Student/Citizen/Employee View The Educational Continuum Integrated Processes Student, not institution-centric Improved outcomes and services Aligned Data Personalized Learning Better views of outcomes Shared Services Lower Costs Improved Access

The Challenge for the Industry Open Education Roadmap

A Student/Employee/Citizen View The Educational Continuum Improved Outcomes, Innovation, and Skilled Workforce Open Learning Open Research Open Business Processes Open Access for All Open Architectures and Technologies Open Education Roadmap Educational Continuum Economic Impact of Education, Single View of the Student ePortfolio’s, Analytics, Workforce Development Open and Aligned Learning, Innovation in Research Open Learning Services: Collaboration & Learning Management Learning Content Repositories Effective and Efficient Administration Open Admin Services: Enterprise Resource Planning, Student Info Systems, Risk Management, Asset Management, Secure and Flexible Infrastructure Cloud Computing, Virtualization, Shared Services SOA, Digital Communities, Safety & Security Cyber Infrastructure

Innovation that matters

• products • services • business models • management & culture • policy & society

New Co-operations and Innovation

CEOs: Sources of new ideas and innovation Business partners Customers Consultants Competitors Other Employees (general population) Sales or service units R&D (internal) Associations, trade groups, conference boards 45% 35% Academia 25% 15% 5% Think tanks Internet, blogs, bulletin boards 5% 15% 25% 35% 45% IBM Institute for Business Value, CEO Study 2006

European & social dimension EHEA attractiveness Students as partners

Bologna elements

Bologna (1999) 29 Prague (2001) 33 Berlin (2003) 39 Bergen (2005) 45 London (2007) 46 Link EHEA & ERA Mobility Quality SCP Degree recognition FCP Diploma supplement ECTS

IS THERE A TEACHER IN THE CLASSROOM?

THE CHALLENGES

– Cooperation is KEY!

– Keep improving and benchmarking through accreditation or other means: curricula, cross-disciplinary approach, training of teachers, … – Innovate: develop soft skills, reinforce the link companies/schools – Promote the academic career – Educate humble leaders, team players, embracing a broader vision of their taks than just their individual(istic) financial success

“The illiterate of the 21 st century will not be those who cannot read and write, but those who cannot learn, unlearn, and relearn”

-Alvin Toffler

Thank you!