Transcript S.A.R.S - Penn State York

S.A.R.S
Taxonomy
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Family: Coronaviridae
Sub Family: Pneumonia
Genus: Unknown
Virus: Coronavirus
S.A.R.S~ severe acute respiratory
syndrome
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Believed to be an atypical
pneumonia
Attacks the respiratory
tissues
Affected areas of local
transmission
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First case reported in Hanoi, Vietnam (63) 5, 46
--Canada (142) 13, 37
 Singapore (198) 13, 85
 United States (41) unknown
 Hong Kong (1527) 61, 265
 China (2753) 64, 1094
Transmission
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Has an incubation period of 2-12 days
Patients range age 25-70 and few cases ?-15
Touching of contaminated objects from hand to
nose
Close personal contact
Virus is detected not only in the respiratory
system but also in feces and urine
Common sewage or water supplies
Symptoms
 High temperature greater
than 100.4
 Dry cough
 Shortness of breath
 Difficulty breathing
 Chills
 Myalgia (muscle soreness)
 Headache
 Severe thrombocytopenia
(low platelet count)
 General discomfort and
body aches
 Confusion
 Rash
 diarrhea
 Loss of appetite
 Hypoxia (decrease of oxygen
in tissues)
Diagnostic Testing
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Chest radiograph
Pulse oximetry
Blood cultures
Sputum Gram’s stains and cultures
Testing for viral pathogens
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Influenza A and B and respiratory syncytial virus
Testing for Legionella and pneumococcal urinary
antigen
Clinical specimens must be saved for additional testing
until a specific diagnosis is made
Preventing the disease
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Travel ban to certain infected regions
Education
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Health alert cards
Travel and health care personnel trained in
techniques used to stop transmission of the
virus
Avoiding close contact with those
possibly inflicted with the disease
All types of face masks
Treatment
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Unknown
Antibiotics used for treating known bacteria
agents of atypical pneumonia
Antiviral agents (oseltamiri or ribavirin)
Steroids
Bibliography
Chinese Health Minister on SARS (3/4/2003). 21 April 2003
<http://www.chinaembassy.org.pl/pol/46197.html>
Diagnosis/Evaluation of SARS. 25 April
2003<http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/sars/diagnosis.htm>
Preliminary Clinical Description of SARS. 25 April 2003
<http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm521a5.htm>
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS). 21 April 2003
<wysiwyg://30/http://www.paho.org/english/ad/dpc/cd/sars_info.htm>