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UNIT
TWELVE
I. A GENERAL REVIEW
II. New Words and Expressions;
III. Language Points and Difficult Sentences;
Words and Expressions
1. major
n. 专业
eg. What’s your major ?
2. flat n. 套房
= apartment
3. marry
v. 娶， 嫁
eg. She married a handsome young man.
* to be (get ) married to (with） 与…结婚
eg. He was (got ) married to Jane.
4. Come true 实现
eg. My dreams will come true in the future.
Words and Expressions
4. look forward to sth. / doing sth
期待
I’m always looking forward to your coming.
5. practise v. 练习
* practise doing sth. 练习做某事
eg. The boy usually practises writing.
6. invite v. 邀请，请求
eg. We invited all the teachers to the party.
* inviting a. 诱人的，引人入胜的
eg. There are many inviting clothes in the shop.
language points
1. do a degree course
读学位课程
follow an English course 学习英语课
2. I hope you’re not too busy to have a chat.
* too busy to do sth. 太忙了以至于不能做某事
eg. I am too busy to watch TV.
3. …my Mum’s.
名词所有格形式，指“ 妈妈的家 ”
eg. at the doctor’s
at the barber’s
在医院
在理发店
language points
4. I ‘m looking forward to it .
* look forward to 盼望
eg. Everybody is looking forward to the Spring
Festival.
We’re looking forward to hearing from you soon.
5. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
eg. My father always tells me to be careful when I am
out.
UNIT
THIRTEEN
I. Grammatical Structures;
II. New Words and Expressions;
III. Language Points and Difficult Sentences;
XI. Functional Practice;
V. Some Exercises.
Modals
情态动词
（can / could ; may / might ; must )
Grammar
情态动词
情态动词：表示说话人的语气和情态。
本身有一定的意义，但不能独立作谓语，只
能和主要动词（原形）一起构成谓语。
没有人称和数的变化。
常用的情态动词有：can, may, must, need 等。
e.g.
I can speak a little English.
May I come in?
Must he go now? No, he needn’t.
Can he be at the zoo at eight tomorrow morning?
Grammar
情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后直接加 not。
情态动词的疑问句：直接将情态动词置于主语之前。
回答一般疑问句时，要注意它们的对应关系。
can --- can’t
(cannot, can not)
may --- mustn’t (must not)
must --- needn’t (need not)
e.g.
Can you be ready at five this afternoon?
Yes, I can.
/
No, I can’t.
May I lend this book to others?
Yes, you may. / No, you mustn’t.
( No, you may not. 表示“你也可以不”)
Must he come here before six?
Yes, he must.
/
No, he needn’t.
（ No, he mustn’t. 表示“他不许 ...”）
Grammar
may 和 can 都可表示请求或允许，在意义上比较接近。
e.g.
Can (May) I sit here?
注意下面三句话在语气上的不同：
You can’t smoke here.
(你不能在这儿抽烟。)
You may not smoke here. (你不允许这儿抽烟。)
You mustn’t smoke here. (你不许在这儿抽烟。)
Grammar
can 的过去式是 could,
e.g.
may 的过去式是 might
He could speak French fluently when he was young.
You might see a lot of pigeons here in the past.
注意： could 和 may 常常用表示更客气、委婉的语气。
e.g.
Could you help me, please?
Might I see you for a moment?
Grammar
can, may, must 都可以表示猜测。
e.g.
He can’t be in Beijing now. I saw him just now.
Can it be you?
Ask him. He may know her address.
I haven’t seen him for a few days.
He may have gone back to his hometown.
After a long walk, you must be very tired.
The light of the room is off.
There must be nobody in the room.
Grammar
be able to 与 can 在意思上相近，但可用于多种时态。
e.g.
You will be able to speak English very well soon.
I have been able to deal with such a thing by myself.
have to 与 must 在意思上相近，但可用于多种时态。
e.g.
You’ll have to choose only one of them.
He said he had to work from morning till night in the past.
注意： be able to 和 have to 都不是情态动词。
e.g.
She is able to dress herself now.
You don’t have to finish the work today.
一、用 can （can’t）, may, must, mustn’t, needn’t 填空：练习
1. This pencil is very short now, but I _______
can still use it.
2. ________I
go out and play basketball, mum?
May
No, you ________
must finish your homework first.
3. _______
Can you go to the cinema with me on Tuesday afternoon?
can’t
I’m sorry I _________.
I’m going to play tennis then.
4. ________
Can you answer this question?
can’t
Sorry, I _______.
5. Alan: ________
May I watch TV this evening, Mum?
Mum: Yes, you _______.
But you ______
may
must finish your exercises first.
Must I write down all the new words in this lesson?
Alan: All right. _____
Mum: No, you needn’t
________, but you _______
must write down all the new
may write down the old ones tomorrow.
words today. You ______
May I leave school now?
6. ________
must
No. You __________
clean the classroom first.
7. It’s time for class. You _________
must stop playing basketball.
You _________
may be late for class.
Must they answer questions in Russian?
8. ________
needn’t They ________
may answer them in Chinese.
No, they ________.
Can you be at the zoo before nine? No, I ________.
can’t
9. ________
10. A: ________
Can you answer the question in English?
B: Sorry, I _________.
________
I answer it in Chinese?
can’t
May
A: No, you _________.
mustn’t But you _______
may answer it in Japanese.
11. A: ________
Must we be back before seven this evening?
needn’t
may
B: No, you ___________.
You ________
come here at eight.
练习
12. A: _________
your brother skate?
Can
B: No, he __________.
But he __________
swim.
can’t
can
A: Who __________
skate well?
can
B: Tom’s sister __________.
can
13. A: Excuse me. __________
I look at your exercise-book?
May
I __________
do this exercise.
can’t
mustn’t
must
B: Sorry, you __________.
You __________
think it over.
14. A: He works hard at English. So he __________
speak it well.
can
B: __________
his friend speak English, too?
Can
A: No, he __________.
But he __________
speak Russian well.
can’t
can
15. A: __________________
I always go so early?
May / Must
B: Of course. You _______________.
may / must
练习
16. A: __________
I ask you some questions?
May
B: Yes, you ________.
But you __________
wait a minute.
may
must
I’m writing a letter and I ________
must finish it.
17. A: My brother and I have a lot of interesting books.
I often read them.
B: ______________
I borrow this book from you?
Can / May
A: Certainly. Here you are. But it’s my brother’s.
B: How long ______________
I keep it?
can / may
A: Five days.
B: ______________
I keep it a little longer if I _________
finish it
Can / May
can’t
in time?
A: Yes, you _____________.
But you __________
can / may
mustn’t lend it to others.
练习
练习
二、选择适当的情态动词填空：
1. What _____ I do for you?
A.must
B.can
C.may
B
D.need
2. _____ I renew the book? No, you _____.
A.May … mustn’t
B.Need … can’t
C.Can … needn’t
D.Must … mustn’t
A
3. You _____ clean your classroom now. you _____ clean it after class.
A.may not … must
B.can’t … need
C.needn’t … may
D.mustn’t … must
4. Tom _____ speak Japanese. He _____ only speak English.
A.mustn’t … can’t
B.can’t … can
C.needn’t … must
D.may … can
5. _____ Jack finish the work in two days? No, he _____.
A.Need … mustn’t
B.Can … mustn’t
C.May … can’t
D.Must … needn’t
D
B
C
Words and Expressions
1. look after
照顾， 照料
= take ( good ) care of sb. / sth.
eg. His roommates looked after him when he was ill.
2. except
prep.
除…之外 ( 不包括在内）
eg. I study every evening except Saturday.
* besides prep.
除…之外 ( 包括在内）
Besides English, I also can speak French.
3. look for 寻找， 期待 ( 过程）
eg. We are looking for the result earnestly.
* find 找到 （结果）
eg. I have found my wallet.
Words and Expressions
4. at least
至少
at most 至多
5. advertise
v. 做广告，登广告
eg. The company is advertising for a secretary on TV.
* advertisement n.
advertiser n.
广告人
6. ( be ) good at 善于，擅长
eg. My friend Lucy is good at learning languages.
language points
1. …help you’re yourself.
请自便。
eg. Help yourself to some cake .
请吃点儿蛋糕。
2. …you can’t start work until next month, I believe.
“ can’t / won’t / mustn’t do sth. until…
直到…才能…
eg. Don’t worry. I won’t go away until you come back .
Programme I:
Talking about someone’s skills:
在谈论某人的技能时，可以使用下面两种句型：
We need someone who can drive.
We ned someone who is good at sports.
Programme II:
Speculating (表示推测):
He can’t be hungry. He must be thirsty.
She can’t be ill. She must be tired.
She can’t be forty. She must be fifty.