Transcript THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT - EST

COMENIUS 1.1 PROJECT
I.P.S. “ F.S. CABRINI
THE EUROPEAN
PARLIAMENT
 It firstly was founded as Common Assembly of
ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community) on
1952 with headquarter in Strasbourg
 
On 1958, after the Treaties of Rome of the year
before, was created the European Parliamentary
Assembly
 
On 30th March of 1962 the Assembly changed
its name into European Parliament
 
First direct universal suffrage elections were
celebrated on June of 1979 (in that occasion members
of Parliament were 410, and on 2007 they reached
785. As for 2009 there will be 736 members.
COMPOSITION
  According to the Institutive
Treaties, the members of the
European Parliament were
appointed by every single
national Parliament (it was
necessary being members of a
national Parliament, “double
mandate”)
  From June 1979, the
members of the European
Parliament are appointed in
every member country by
direct universal suffrage, for
five years.
COMPETENCE
•
It wields three main powers
• 1) Legislative power (European
Parliament and Council of Ministers
together pass acts suggested by the
European Commission which have
legislative initiative)
• 2) Budgetary power (the EP fix the
budget of the next year)
• 3) Democratic control power (control
on the communitarian activity through
temporary commissions of enquire)
COMMON MARKET
 
It is the instrument for reaching
Community targets.
 
Among main actions to suggest for
reaching Community targets there are:
• 1) the establishment of an internal
market, characterized by the elimination
among
member
countries,
of
impediments to free goods, people,
services and assets flow
• 2) the creation on a customs union
among member countries, where customs
duties and quantitative restrictions to
goods access and exit are prohibited and
it is fixed a custom fee to be applied to
goods coming from countries which are
external to the Community
INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURE OF
EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES
 The European Parliament, that takes part to the procedure for
introducing communitarian acts and carries out consultative and
control functions
  Union Council, that has normative power
  Commission, that has executive function
  Court of Justice, with jurisdictional functions
  European Court of Auditors, that audits finance management
INTERNAL MARKET
• The internal market of the European Union is a
single market in which the free movement of
goods, services, capital and persons is ensured
and in which European citizens are free to live,
work, study and do business.
Since it was created in 1993, the single market
has opened more to competition, created new
jobs, defined more affordable prices for
consumers and enabled businesses and citizens
to benefit from a wide choice of goods and
services.
The European Union is working towards further
simplification of the regulations which still
prevent citizens and businesses from making the
most of the advantages of the single market.
LIVING AND WORKING IN THE
INTERNAL MARKET
• The free movement of persons is one of the
fundamental principles guaranteed by the
European Union. Any EU resident has the
right to travel, live, study and work in
another Member State without being
subject to nationality-based discrimination.
The EU works towards making freedom of
movement effective and simple within its
borders. The counterpart is an external
border policy, which is designed to
guarantee an area of freedom, security and
justice. This policy covers the entry and
stay of non-Europeans, including asylum
and immigration, external border
management and cooperation with third
countries. The free movement of persons
therefore comprises an internal component
and an external component, which
correspond to two regimes: the Community
regime and the intergovernmental regime.
The four freedoms of movement – for
goods, services, people and capital – are
underpinned by a range of supporting
policies. Firms are prevented from fixing
prices or carving up markets among them
by the EU’s robust anti-trust policy.
People can move around more freely for
work because EU countries recognise
many of each other’s academic and
professional qualifications
Within the European
single market, people,
goods, services and
money move around as
freely as within one
country. We travel at
will across the EU’s
internal frontiers for
business and pleasure or,
if we choose, we can
stay at home and enjoy a
vast array of products
from all over Europe.
Although we now take it
for granted, the single
market is one of the
EU’s
greatest
achievements.
FREE CIRCULATION OF GOODS
  The art. 23 of ECT (Trattato Comunità Europea –
European Community Treaty) establishes a common tariff
prohibiting custom duties, among member States
• Introduction of a common custom tariff applicable to third
countries
FREE CIRCULATION OF PEOPLE

•
 As for fulfil a common market
where is assured free circulation of
all products, the institutive treaty
of European Communities of 1957
there were dispositions for gradual
elimination of right restrictions for
workers, junior or self employed,
moving in communitarian territory
for working in any member State.
In parallel some European States
gradually made a kind of free
circulation of people in their
territories, independently of
carrying out or not of working in
one of the States that are part of
the agreement and only related to
the possession of nationality of
one of them (Shengen
Agreement). Under the institution
of the European citizenship
(Maastricht Treaty) it rises the
need of making internal in the
communitarian system this broad
concept of free circulation of
people
Free movement of workers: general
provisions
Council Regulation (EEC) No 1612/68 of 15 October 1968
on the free movement of workers within the
Community
SUMMARY
The Regulation firstly entitles all nationals of a Member
State to take up and engage in gainful employment on
the territory of another Member State in conformity with
the relevant regulations applicable to national workers.
This entitlement is enjoyed without discrimination by
permanent, seasonal and frontier workers or by those
who pursue their activities for the purpose of providing
services.
A worker on the territory of another Member State is entitled
to the same priority as the nationals of that Member
State as regards access to available employment and to
the same assistance as that afforded by the host Member
State's employment offices to their own nationals
seeking employment. Recruitment may not be
dependent on medical, occupational or other criteria
which discriminate on the grounds of nationality.
Exercising an occupation and
equal treatment
• The Regulation prohibits any discrimination of workers
who are nationals of a Member State on the territory of
another Member State as regards working and employment
conditions (dismissal and remuneration in particular)
because of their nationality. They also have the same
entitlement to occupational training and retraining
measures.
• They shall enjoy the same social and tax advantages as
national workers.
THE UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL
LABOUR ORGANIZATION
THE UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL
LABOUR ORGANIZATION
•
•
•
In 1919, the signatory nations to the Treaty of Versailles created the
International Labour Organization (ILO) in recognition of the fact
that "conditions of labour exist involving such injustice, hardship and
privation to large numbers of people as to produce unrest so great
that the peace and harmony of the world are imperilled “
Since 1919, the International Labour Organization , located in
Geneve, has maintained and developed a system of international
labour standards aimed at promoting opportunities for women and
men to obtain decent and productive work, in conditions of freedom,
equity, security and dignity.
In today's globalized economy, international labour standards are an
essential component in the international framework for ensuring that
the growth of the global economy provides benefits to all.
YOUNG PEOPLE AND
EUROPE
• To learn or improve a foreign language, get in touch with different
cultures, enhance own curriculum vitae and improve own career
prospects, you can take advantage of the many opportunities that
Europe offers.
• Several, in fact, are the initiatives and programs that allow young
people to give a European dimension to their own education through
the specific experiences of transnational studies, vocational training in
Europe or working abroad.
• Europe also funds programs that encourage young people to move in
for the purpose of volunteering, learning and intercultural cooperation.
• Among these, we mention the Youth program which aims to promote
social integration, creativity and initiative of young people, combating
racism and xenophobia, through activities of non-formal education,
such as:
-socio-cultural exchanges between groups of young people between 15
and 25 years
-experiences of transnational voluntary service for young people
between 18 and 25 years
-projects locally designed and managed by groups of young people
between 15 and 25
EDUCATION IN
EUROPE
• Europe promotes the transnational mobility in vocational education
and training through a series of programs aimed to promote
opportunities
• to learn a foreign language, the knowledge of different cultures,
exchange and comparison of experiences.
Among the planned initiatives we can mention :
Socrates Program which aims to enhance the mobility and European
dimension of education
Leonardo Program, which supports the improvement and innovation of
vocational training in Europe, promoting, among other things, the
ability to perform training or working experience abroad
The Program Youth Non-formal education which promotes the
mobility of international youth groups, individual learning and
intercultural initiatives of young people aged between 15 and 25 years
as well as internships in Europe
WORKING IN
EUROPE
USEFUL TIPS
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The first step to take in the job search is to
identify clearly the profession you want to
apply for , especially taking into account
your own personal inclinations.
It ‘s very important also to know the world
of work and in particular:
- degrees and further training required for
the desired profession
- employment prospects as the professional
and business sectors of interest
A precious help can come from guidance
counselors who know the best ways to find
jobs in line with preferences and abilities.
The next step is to start looking for a job
after completing the curriculum vitae,
better if based on the European format, and
have been prepared for the job interview
with the right dose of calm and
determination.
Tools available to citizens, to search for
educational opportunities and employment
are the Employment agencies
. It will be useful, finally, to see:
publications specifically devoted and
listings in the daily press and regular
specialized websites