Transcript Microwave non-destructive testing technique for
Microwave non-destructive testing technique for characterization of HPMC-PEG 3000 films
Nor Khaizan Anuar 1,3 , Wong Tin Wui 1,3* , Mohd Nasir Taib 2,3 Deepak K. Ghodgaonkar 4 and
1 Particle Design Research Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 3 Non-Destructive Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia 4 Dhirubhai Ambani Institute of Information and Communication Technology, DA-IICT Near Indroda Circle, Gandhinagar, 382007, Gujarat, India
CONTENT
1.0
2.0 EXPERIMENTAL 2.1
2.2
3.0
4.0
2.3
Physicochemical characterization
1.0 INTRODUCTION
• •
Transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) utilizes the skin for the delivery of drug molecules from the surface of the skin, through its layers, to the circulatory system.
Quality control of matrix characteristics, such as state of polymer-polymer and drug-polymer interaction, is essential with respect to the therapeutic effectiveness of a TDDS.
•
In the pharmaceutical industry, the analytical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) have long been employed to determine the matrix characteristics of a TDDS.
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However, these techniques result in sample being unrecoverable from test and restrict the analysis to statistically selected samples.
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The present study sets to explore the applicability of microwave NDT technique as an optional tool to characterize the matrix property of polymer film for use as a transdermal drug delivery system.
2.0 EXPERIMENTAL
• • •
2.1 Materials Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC, USA) Dow Chemical – matrix polymer.
Company, Loratadine India) (Morepen – model drug.
Laboratories, Polyethylene glycol Merck, Germany) (PEG – plasticizer.
3000,
• •
2.2 Sample preparation The films were prepared solvent evaporation method.
using The films were conditioned in a desiccator at 25
1 °C and at three different levels of relative humidity (25
5 %, 50
5 % and 75
5 %) for at least 5 days prior to the physicochemical characterization.
Sample HPMC (mg) PEG 3000 (mg) Loratadine (mg) H0 P0 P1 37.5
37.5
37.5
0 3.75
3.75
0 0 5 P2 37.5
3.75
20 Table 1: Theoretical contents of HPMC, PEG 3000 and loratadine in films.
•
2.3 Physicochemical characterization The formed film was subjected to drug content assay using UV spectrophotometry technique, DSC, FTIR and microwave NDT analysis.
Fig. 1: Rectangular dielectric waveguide (RDWG) measurement system.
3.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
i) Drug content analysis: Sample H0 P0 P1 P2 Film thickness (mm) 0.031 0.006
0.036 0.003
0.064 0.015
0.114 0.033
25 0 0 12.15 0.32
39.06 0.93
Relative humidity (%) 50 Loratadine content (%w/w) 0 0 13.59 0.36
35.06 1.14
75 0 0 13.06 0.16
38.04 1.34
Table 2: Drug content of films measured using the UV spectrophotometry technique.
The drug content of films was not affected by the level of relative humidity in the storage (ANOVA:
p
chamber > 0.05).
A flat film was formed.
A thicker film was formed in sample containing a higher content of drug load.
ii) DSC analysis: PEG 3000 HPMC film Tm H = Tm = Polymer-plasticizer interaction was effected.
H0, P0, P1 & P2 25, 50, 75% RH Tm H An exotherm was found in the thermogram of film P0 stored at the relative humidity of 25%.
Similar exotherm was not found in the thermograms of films stored at the higher levels of relative humidity, as it was probably masked by the melting endotherms of the same thermogram.
iii) FTIR analysis: PEG 3000 HPMC film = induced polymer plasticizer interaction via O-H moiety 25 H0 RH (%) O-H & C-H 50 P0 O-H & C-H Sample P1 P2 a C=C O-H C-H O-H 75 Functional group
iv) Microwave NDT analysis: 8 GHz 25 RH (%) 50 75 Frequency 12 GHz 25 RH (%) 50 75 H0 P0 nPAC ; nPTC nPAC ; nPTC nPAC ; nPTC O-H & C-H nPAC ; nPTC O-H & C-H Sample P1 P2 nPAC ; nPTC nPAC ; nPTC nPAC ; nPTC nPAC ; nPTC O-H & a C=C O-H & C-H
• •
From the previous study of our laboratory, it was found that the measurement of microwave NDT test at 8 GHz was sensitive to the chemical environment involving polar moiety such as O-H functional group, while it was greatly governed by the less polar C-H moiety in test conducted at 12 GHz.
The present findings indicated that the changes environments of HPMC-PEG 3000 films were of both reflected polar and accordingly by apolar the microwave NDT measurements conducted at the frequency bands of 8 and 12 GHz respectively.
4.0 CONCLUSION
• •
The measurements of microwave NDT test at 8 and 12 GHz were sensitive to the changes of chemical environment in matrix involving polar functional group such as functional O-H moiety group such aromatic C=C moieties.
and as less C-H polar and The present investigation verified that the microwave NDT technique has the capacity to evaluate the state of interaction between polymer, plasticizer and/or drug of a binary polymeric matrix, in addition to the existing DSC and FTIR techniques.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
•
The authors wish to express their heart-felt gratitude to Institute of Research, Development and Commercialization, UiTM for financial support and motivation throughout the research project.
given
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