Transcript Polyatomic ions & Naming

BELL RINGER
1. Name the following compounds
a. KBr
b. Na3(PO5)
c. Al(NO2)3
2. Give the Chemical Formula for the following
compounds
a. Calcium Oxide
b. Lithium Hydroxide
c. Magnesium Manganate
POLYVALENT
METALS –
TRANSITION METALS
Unit 5: Chapter 6.3a
TRANSITION METALS
POLYVALENT METALS
• Many but not all transition metals have “multiple
personalities”
– # of valence electrons varies
– they can form more than one ion (more than
one charge).
• Also known as valence # or oxidation #
– Polyvalent
• Roman Numerals are used to signify the charge
POLYVALENT TRANSITION
METALS
• Metals with more than one possible charge:
• Specific charge is indicated in parenthesis
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) =
– Iron (II) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =
• Fe2+ & O2-
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen =
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen =
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen = Iron (III) Oxide
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen = Iron (III) Oxide
• Fe3+ & O2-
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen = Iron (III) Oxide
• Fe3+ & O2-  Fe2O3
POLYVALENT METALS &
BONDING
• Fe(II) = Fe2+
– Iron (II) + oxygen = Iron (II) Oxide
• Fe2+ & O2-  Fe2O2  FeO
• Fe(III) = Fe3+
– Iron (III) + oxygen = Iron (III) Oxide
• Fe3+ & O2-  Fe2O3
• Name these compounds just like other
binary ionic compounds but include the
metal’s oxidation # (charge) in parentheses
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Names to Formulas
–
–
–
–
–
–
Silver (III) Nitride
Vanadium (III) Chloride
Lead (IV) Oxide
Silver (II) Nitride
Vanadium (II) Chloride
Lead (II) Oxide
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formulas to Names
– Have to determine the oxidation #/Charge of
your metal.
• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)
– Fe2O3  Fe3+ and O2• Make sure the compound is neutral (positive
& negative charges cancel out)
–Fe3+  2 x 3+ = 6+
–O2-  3 x 2- = 6-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formulas to Names
– Have to determine the oxidation #/Charge of
your metal.
• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)
– Fe2O3  Fe3+ and O2• Make sure the compound is neutral
• SnO3 
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formulas to Names
– Have to determine the oxidation #/Charge of
your metal.
• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)
– Fe2O3  Fe3+ and O2• Make sure the compound is neutral
• SnO3  Sn3+ and O1-
PRACTICE - POLYVALENT COMPOUNDS
• Formulas to Names
– Have to determine the oxidation #/Charge of
your metal.
• Reverse the criss cross (doesn’t always work)
– Fe2O3  Fe3+ and O2• Make sure the compound is neutral
• SnO3  Sn3+ and O1–O2-  3 x 2- = 6–Sn?  1 x ? = 6+
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?
Common Ions
Hydrogen H+1
Aluminum Al+3
Nitrate (NO3)-1
Calcium Ca+2
Iron (III) Fe+3
Sulfate (SO4)-2
Zinc Zn+2
Chlorine Cl-1
Carbonate (CO3)-2
Copper (II) Cu+2
Hydroxide OH-1
Phosphate (PO4)-3
Silver Ag+1
Phosphide P-3
Acetate (C2H3O2)-1
Which of these are:
•Metals?
•Nonmetals?
•Transition metals?
•Polyatomic ions?