Transcript Ch. 4 Slideshow - Mounds View School Websites

Contemporary
Human
Geography, 2e
Lectures
Chapter 4
Folk and Popular Culture
Karl Byrand,
University of Wisconsin-Sheboygan
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
•Culture
•The body of material traits, customary beliefs,
and social forms that together constitute the
distinct tradition of a group of people
•Each cultural activity has a distinctive spatial
distribution.
•Geographers study the relations between
material culture and the physical environment.
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
•Daily necessities and leisure
•Material culture deriving from the necessities of
daily life
•Culture involving leisure activities
•Habit
•A repetitive act that a particular individual
performs
•Custom
•A repetitive act of a group
•Material culture
•A collection of social customs
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
CULTURE : DAILY NECESSITIES
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
CULTURE : LEISURE
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
HABIT AND CUSTOM
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
•Characteristics of folk culture
•Anonymous hearth(s)
•Anonymous sources (originators)
•Unknown dates
•Diffuses slowly and on a small scale
•Chiefly through migration
•Little change
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
FOLK CULTURE : DISTRIBUTION OF THE AMISH
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
•Characteristics of popular culture
•Found in large heterogeneous societies
•Large territory as compared to folk culture
•Usually product of developed countries
•Rapid diffusion facilitated by technology
•Changes rapidly and frequently
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
POPULAR CULTURE : DISTRIBUTION OF BASEBALL
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.1 Elements of Folk and Popular Culture
•Folk culture
•Varies from place to place at a given time
•Popular culture
•Varies from time to time at a given place
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
•Folk music
•Composed anonymously and transmitted orally
•Contents derived from daily life
•Travels via relocation diffusion
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
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GULLAH FOLK MUSIC
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4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
VIETNAMESE FOLK MUSIC
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
•Popular music
•Composed by specific individuals
•Commercial purposes
•Originated ~1800
•Tin Pan Alley
•Rise of recorded music
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
POPULAR MUSIC PER FOR MANCES
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.2 Origin and Diffusion of Music
THE LANDSCAPE OF MUSIC
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
•Soccer’s folk culture origins
•Eleventh-century England
•Denmark ~1018–1042
•“Kick the Dane’s Head”
•Football Association, 1863
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
FOOTBALL PLAYED AROUND THE WORLD
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
•Soccer as popular culture
•Late 1800s diffused to continental Europe
•Holland, 1870s
•Spain, 1893
•Diffused via British imperial expansion
•Russia, 1887
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
WORLD CUP
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
•Surviving folk sports
•Cricket
•Ice hockey
•Wushu
•Baseball
•Football
•Lacrosse
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
ICE HOCKEY IN CANADA
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4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
AUSTRALIAN RULES FOOTBALL
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.3 Origin and Diffusion of Sports
LACROSSE PLAYED BY THE MOHAWK TRIBE
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.4 Folk and Popular House Styles
•Folk culture traditions are reflected in eighteenthand nineteenth-century US housing.
•Popular culture influences are seen in US housing
built since 1940.
•Folk housing
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.4 Folk and Popular House Styles
HEARTHS OF U.S. FOLK HOUSING TYPES
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.4 Folk and Popular House Styles
•Popular housing
•Regional distinctiveness declines
•Houses commercially constructed
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.4 Folk and Popular House Styles
•Popular housing types
•Minimal traditional
•Ranch house
•Split-level
•Contemporary
•Shed
•Mansard
•Neo-Tudor
•Neo-French
•Neo-Colonial
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.4 Folk and Popular House Styles
[insert Figure 4.4.5 on this slide]
POPULAR HOUSING TYPES
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
•Food taboos
•Taboo
•A restriction on behavior imposed by social
custom
•Biblical taboos
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
POPULAR HOUSING TYPES
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4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
SWINE STOCK
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
•Environmental influences
•Traditional food taboos deeply embedded in
the physical environment
•Influenced by perception of negative forces
•Also influenced by environmental features
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
•Food and place: the concept of terroir
•Environment contributes to the characteristic of
food
•Terroir
•The contribution of a location’s physical
features to the way food tastes (French)
•Climate
•Landforms
•Soil
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
WINE PRODUCTION
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.5 Folk and Popular Food Preferences
VINEYARDS
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.6 Folk and Popular Clothing Preferences
•Folk clothing traditions
•Traditionally selected/designed to meet
agricultural practices and climatic conditions
•Diffusion via migration and technology has
extended influence of some folk clothing
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.6 Folk and Popular Clothing Preferences
FOLK CLOTHING TRADITIONS
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.6 Folk and Popular Clothing Preferences
CONTROVERSIAL FOLK CLOTHING
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.6 Folk and Popular Clothing Preferences
•Clothing of popular culture
•Generally reflects occupation
•Diffusion via communications technology has
extended influence of popular clothing
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.6 Folk and Popular Clothing Preferences
JEANS
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
•Diffusion of TV
•Developed in 1930s
•WWII impeded diffusion
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
DIFFUSION OF TV
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
•Diffusion of the Internet
•More rapid diffusion than TV
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
INTERNET USERS PER 1,000 INHABITANTS 2011
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
•Diffusion of Facebook
•Founded in 2004
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.7 Diffusion of Popular Media
DIFFUSION OF FACEBOOK
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
•Folk culture landscapes: Himalayan art
•Karan and Mather’s study
•Close proximity but limited interaction
produced distinctive folk customs.
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
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FOLK CULTURE IN THE
ENVIRONMENT : HIMALAYAN ART
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4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
•Popular culture landscapes: golf courses
•Popular culture can make significant
alterations to the environment.
•Golf courses represent such alterations.
•Rooney Study
•Greater number of courses in the northern
US
•Linked to tradition and social clubs
•Scottish origins
•~Fifteenth century
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
POPULAR CULTURE IN THE ENVIRONMENT : GOLF COURSES
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4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
FOLK CULTURE OR POPULAR CULTURE ? GOLF IN SCOTLAND
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.8 Landscapes of Folk and Popular Art and
Leisure
GOLF IN THE UNITED STATES
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
•Challenges to Folk Culture
•Loss of traditional values
•Imposition of popular culture through diffusion
of media
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
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GOLF IN THE UNITED STATES
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4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
LIMITING FREEDOM
ON THE INTERNET
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
•Challenges to popular culture
•Uniformity: fast food
•Uniformity: gas, food, and lodging
•Diffusion in the global marketplace
•Local cultures and globalization
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
UNIFORM LANDSCAPE
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
UNIFORM LANDSCAPE
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
4.9 Challenges to Landscapes of Folk and
Popular Culture
ADVERTISING LOCALLY GROWN
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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter Review
•Key Questions
•How are folk and popular culture distributed?
•How are the needs of daily life met in folk and
popular culture?
•How is the landscape altered by folk and
popular culture?
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.