Transcript Effect of Potassium Chlorate Concentration on Flower

Effect of Potassium Chlorate
Concentration on Flower Initiation of
Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.)
in Soi Dao District, Chanthaburi.
Benjaporn Tangsukkasemsan
Faculty of Agricultural Technology,
Rambhai Barni Rajabhat University, Chanthaburi, Thailand.
Chanthaburi
Location
 Eastern part of Thailand
 245 km from Bangkok
 Area : 6,338 km2
Introduction
 Longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) ,
cultivar “Daw”
 an economic crop of Thailand
 Fresh eaten
 preserved: canning / dried
Products
 longan require a period of cool
and dry climatic conditions for
induction of flowering
 northern provinces i.e : Lumpun,
Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai.
 longan growers have discovered
an alternative method of floral
induction in the absence of
suitable climatic conditions.
 application of chlorate compound :
potassium chlorate or sodium
chlorate
Chanthaburi
Plantation and Yield
1996 -2007
Average
yield/Acre
Year
Planting
Area (acre)
Harvested area
(acre)
total Yield
(ton)
1996
4,102
1,965
1,979
1007
1997
3,982
1,907
1,918
1005
1998
4,238
2,611
6,301
2412
1999
4,999
3,649
0
0
2000
5,648
4,294
19,047
4360
2001
8,062
4,294
19,273
4487
2002
11,058
5,460
27,051
4955
2003
12,620
6,930
34,813
5025
2004
19,378
9,948
49,782
5000
2005
32,462
20,724
104,467
5040
2006
33,130
21,813
103,798
4757
2007
33,462
26,789
129,867
4847
Suggestion rate
 Subhadrabandhu and
Yapwattanaphun, (2000): Cultivar
'Daw' requires 8 g/m² of potassium
chlorate as soil drench
 Somchai Ongprasert and Winai
Wiriya-Alongkorn (2007) : 200 mg of
potassium chlorate per liter of
standard nutrient solution
 C. Sritontip et. al. : soil drenched with
KClO3 at 5 g/m-2 of canopy of 4-5 year- oldlongan trees
 Mike A. Nagao and Elodie B. Ho-a. (2000) :
application of 250 – 500 grams of KClO3
around the canopy
 Li XiangHong (2004) :130 g/m2 seven-yearold trees of longan cultivars Chuliang and
Shixia
Chanthaburi growers
practice
 soil drench
 200 grams/tree for the 4-year- oldtrees
 By the following years, the amount of
potassium chlorate used was double.
 Shortening longan tree life
 The purposes of the study was to
determine the suitable amount of KClO3
which were able to initiate flower buds
of 7- year- old - longan tree.
Materials and Method
 completely randomized design
6 treatments and 5 replications.
 Treatment:
200 gm /50 L water/tree
400 gm/50 L water/tree
600 gm/50 L water/tree
800 gm/50 L water/tree
1000 gm/50 L water/tree
1000 gm/30 L water /tree (control)
experimental units




Thirty longan trees
seven-year- old
Fifty healthy vegetative shoots/tree
The potassium chlorate was applied on
June 13, 2007.
Result :
Days flowering shoots observed
KCLO3 concentration
days ns
200 gm/ 50 l water/tree
35.46
400 gm/ 50 l water/tree
29.35
600 gm/ 50 l water/tree
32.62
800 gm/ 50 l water/tree
37.25
1000 gm/ 50 l water/tree
39.96
1000 gm/ 30 l water/tree
33.83
Result :
Percentage of flowering shoot
KCLO3 concentration
flowering shoot (%)ns
200 gm/ 50 l water/tree
52.00
400 gm/ 50 l water/tree
53.20
600 gm/ 50 l water/tree
72.80
800 gm/ 50 l water/tree
54.80
1000 gm/ 50 l water/tree
48.40
1000 gm/ 30 l water/tree
69.20
Yield of logan: Mean index
KCLO3 concentration
Mean index
#1ns
#2 ns
200 gm/ 50 l water/tree
3.8
2.2 3.0 1.6 2.0
400 gm/ 50 l water/tree
1.4
4.0 3.0 1.2 2.4
600 gm/ 50 l water/tree
2.6
2.2 3.8 1.4 2.2
800 gm/ 50 l water/tree
2.0
3.0 3.2 1.4 2.0
1000 gm/ 50 l water/tree
2.8
1.4 4.2 1.6 2.0
1000 gm/ 30 l water/tree
2.0
2.8 4.0 1.4 2.0
#3 ns
#4 ns
#5 ns
yield index
1 = none
2 = yield 1-20 %
3 = yield 21-40 %
4 = yield 41-60 %
5 = yield 61-80 %
6 = yield 81-100 %
Yield of logan:
mean weight per tree (kg)
KCLO3 concentration
Mean weight /tree (kg)
#1ns #2 ns #3 ns #4 ns #5 ns total
200 gm/ 50 l water/tree
25.80
13.84
12.70
4.50
4.46
61.30
400 gm/ 50 l water/tree
4.76
43.50
26.04
3.20
3.32
80.82
600 gm/ 50 l water/tree
15.00
14.02
26.20
2.00
8.40
65.62
800 gm/ 50 l water/tree
8.72
20.40
21.00
2.84
6.72
59.68
1000 gm/ 50 l water/tree
13.44
3.08
31.20
3.80
3.18
54.70
1000 gm/ 30 l water/tree
9.30
20.90
35.10
2.28
7.18
74.76
conclusion
 the average flower initiation period was
29-40 days.
 The application of 600 grams of
KClO3/ 50 liters of water/tree give the
highest percent of flowering shoot.
 Not only flower initiation period but also
percent of flowering shoot were nonsignificant.