Transcript attending conference

《新标准大学英语》示范课
东南大学
鲍敏
金曙
2011年8月
大学英语教学的三要素
教师
教材
学生
• Net-generation的特点：
• Born after 1982, when microcomputer was
invented
• Has lived with digital technology “forever”
• Early Net Generation members
experienced creation of Web, Internet,
browsers, Windows, Macintosh, and email
• Digital natives, digital immigrants, digital
foreigners
(R. Oxford, 2008)
信息化时代学习需求
• Regardless of learning style and regardless of
amount of technology available, every EFL
learner requires:
– Rich and high quality input
– Opportunities for practice/experience
– High quality output
– High quality feedback
– Variety
. . . if he or she wants to become a skilled user of
English. (R. Oxford)
信息化时代教学特点：
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
freedom of thought；
options；
customization;
flexibility;
choice;
nonlinearity;
learning by doing
Comparison between the traditional learning and
interactive learning:
Traditional Learning
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
linear/sequential, serial
instruction
one size fits all
absorbing materials
school learning
teacher-centered
school as torture
teacher as a transmitter
Interactive learning
hypermedia learning
construction, discovery
customized
learning how to learn
lifelong learning
student-centered
school as fun
teacher as a facilitator
Cf. Don Tapscott: Growing up digital: The Rise of the Net Generation
《新标准大学英语》
主题:
贴近学生生活
启发学生思考
文章内容：
语言表达地道、纯正
具有文化内涵及思辨哲理
《新标准大学英语》
练习设计：
强化生词、要点词（组）用法
围绕主题，启发思考
实践训练（口语、写作）
网络学习和课件：
完善的网络教学平台
丰富的课件资源
Unit 1 Nine to Five
Text A
Look for a job after university?
First, get off the sofa
Preview
1. What’s your ideal job?
Why do you think so?
2. Read the text for the main idea.
Text A
Look for a job after university? First, get off
the sofa
Teaching objectives
Culture Notes
Lead-in
Practical Skills
Exploration
Assignment
language Focus
Text A
Look for a job after university? First, get off
the sofa
Teaching Objectives:
to understand different view points and
reasoning with them.
to speak to give different viewpoints.
to develop thinking skills by giving
examples.
Text A
Look for a job after university? First, get off
the sofa
Vocabulary
advocate, amusing, belongings, clutch,
demanding, dropout, exceed, heal, psychotherapist,
highlight, odds, proceed, slump, sympathize,
transition
Expressions
be dressed in gown and mortarboard
come to a close
be in the same boat
work one’s backside off
take a soft line with sb
Text A
Look for a job after university? First, get off
the sofa
Reading Skill
To understand different point of view
Speaking skill
To talk about different jobs and reasons for choosing a job
To attending a job interview
Writing
To writing a resumé and a cover letter
Lead-in
Step 1
Job Talk
What’s your
ideal job?
Engineer
Accountant
Architect
Teacher
Salesman
Lawyer
Translator
Fashion designer
Programmer
Playwright
Image consultant
Health nurse
Why do you think so?
Pay
Working atmosphere
Holiday
Promotion
Working place
Business trip
Working schedule
‘The best job in the world’
Ben Southall
the caretaker of the islands of the Great Barrier Reef
the Great Barrier Reef
Step 2 Find out jobs in the text!
--do bar work
Waiter
Bartender
-- stack shelves
Supermarket clerk
Store Keeper
Whoopi Goldberg
Bruce Willis
Brad Pitt
standing outside a restaurant in a giant
chicken suit
guarding nuclear power plants
applying make-up to corpses
Exploration—Scanning
Watch the video and spot the relevant paragraphs in
the text by putting their numbers in the table.
Sometimes one clip of the video may match more than
one paragraph.
Video clips
Numbers of the
paragraphs
1
1
2
14,15,16
Exploration—Text organization
Problems
Advice
after graduation
for dealing with the problems
Text Organization
Looking at the problems from various
mother
parents
(Paras 1-2)
(Paras 7-9)
author
(Para 3)
graduates
(Paras 4-6)
Exploration—Text organization
psychotherapist
(Paras 10-15)
Parents’ balance:
positive
not making
life too comfortable
Better for fathers
to help boys after
a job setback.
Advice
author
(Para 16)
More
examples.
It’s a good idea to
get some jobs like bar
work, shelf-stacking.
Summary of the Text A
This text is a newspaper article with individual
examples of job searching and problems after graduation.
The problems are examined from different people’s
viewpoints parents’ attitudes towards their jobless
_________:
students’ quote about looking for jobs,
children, ________
___________
psychologists’ summary of the viewpoints of parents and
advice for dealing with the problems, and the author’s
own comments. In the end the author concludes that if the
ideal job, they can take a
graduates can not find an _____
________
temporary one.
Language Focus
Learning Objectives:
• To have a command of the key words
and expressions;
• To learn important sentence pattern;
• To improve comprehension.
Language Focus
Difficult Sentences
Vocabulary
Chunks
Difficult sentences
1. Those memories of forking out thousands of pounds
a year so that he could eat well and go to the odd
party, began to fade.
Who paid a lot of money and why?
Parents paid a lot of money for their son to let him
eat good food and go to the strange party.
Why are the memories forgotten but now came
back?
Parents were proud on seeing the son graduate.
But now they were thinking of the money they paid
for his study because the son couldn’t find a job.
这时，记忆中每年支付几千英镑，好让儿子吃好、并能偶尔参加聚会
的记忆开始消退。
2. 关键是父母既要支持理解孩子，又不可以对孩子过于溺爱，
两方面应该做到适度。
Crucially they must balance being positive and
understanding with not making life too comfortable
for their offspring.
3.他们给的年薪是18,000镑，交完房租后所剩无几，也就
够买一罐豆子,可他们还要有经验或硕士学位的人。
They were paying £18,000, which doesn’t buy you
much more than a tin of beans after rent, but they
wanted people with experience or master’s degrees.
4. This former scion of Generation Y has morphed
overnight into a member of Generation Grunt.
scion, morph into, Generation Y, Generation Grunt
5.Jack Goodwin, from Middlesex, graduated with a
2:1 in politics from Nottingham this summer.
2:1
Vocabulary
Select which vocabulary to teach
“There is little benefit to selecting twentyfive to thirty isolated vocabulary terms
and asking ELLs to copy them from the
board and look up their definitions in
the dictionary.”
Making Content Comprehensible for
English Learners, The SOIP model.
Echevarria, Vogt and Short, 2004
Teaching Key Vocabulary
Which words in a unit are
• essential to know.
• Important to know.
• nice to know.
• Most common and high frequency
words
• According to the level of students
• Considering the topic of input session
• Highlighted vocabulary in the written
input
Effective ways to present the new
words
• Picture
• Gestures/ miming
• Definitions, exemplify, esp. with technical
& abstract words
• Synonyms/ antonyms
• Affixes (prefixes and suffixes), formation
rules
1. grumble
Comparison between 2 ways
Teacher A:
a) wrote “grumble” on the screen;
b) said/displayed the definition: “grumble
means to complain about sb. or sth. in an
annoyed way”;
c) translated the word into Chinese: 抱怨
d) showed more examples (sentences) for
students to translate into their native
language.
Teacher B:
a) said “some people grumble about
everything. E.g, they grumble about the
weather. If it is sunny, they say it’s too hot; if
it is cool, they say it’s too cold. They are
never happy with the weather. They
always grumble about the weather.”
b)
then set out to check students’
understanding by asking “So what does
‘grumble’ mean?”
c) students’ turn to “grumble about sth.”
2. proceed Ｃf precede
proceed
(formal) continue
to do something
after doing
something else
first; continue to
somewhere else.
comparing
precede
happen or exist
before something
else; to go somewhere
before sb. else
Fill in the blanks with proper words:
1. Lunch will be ____________
preceded by a short speech from
the chairman. (午饭前主席作了个简短的讲话。)
2. This is a type of cloud that __________
precedes rain. (这种云总在
雨前出现。)
3. Now that our plan is settled, let us __________.
proceed (既然计
划已定，我们开始吧。)
proceed with your work (继续
4. Don’t let me stop you, _________
你的工作)
preceded them down the corridor (保
5. The guard ____________
安沿着走廊在他们前面给他们开道).
3. dead-end: no future
peace-talk
debate
job
dead-end
street
energy policy
college course
4. psychotherapist: psycho + therapist
Psycho-, psychi-: of mind; mental
psychology, psychological, psychologist
psychoanalysis
psychiatrist
psychogenesis
psychomotor
psychosocial
psyche: n. the human soul, spirit
•
Psyche, Greek Goddess of the Soul
A young woman who loved and was
loved by Eros and was united with
him after Aphrodite's jealousy was
overcome.
She
subsequently
became the personification of the
soul. (Greek Myth)
5. in the same boat
True, Jack's the guy who
kicked the ball and hit
the window. But we
were all in the game so
we're all in the same
boat.
Let's
all
go
together to apologize.
If you’re in the same boat as the other people, are you
a) making the same journey together, or
b) in the same trouble or sharing the same misfortune?
Chunks (语块学习）
•
•
•
•
结构主义：语言是一系列符号和规则构成的，英语学习
可分为语法学习和词汇学习两个体系。
问题：输入了词汇和语法知识之后仍难以构建正确、地
道的英语句子，难以实现语言输入向语言输出的转化。
语言学习新视角：语言交际中并不仅仅通过单词或固定
短语的使用来实现，自然话语中90%都是由处于这两者
之间的半固定词块结构（chunk）来实现的。
概念：词块是语言使用者在语言输入和输出过程中频繁
使用的，具有特定语义和结构并以固定或者半固定形式
存在的，有利于提高语言生成能力的短语、固定搭配、
习惯用语或句式。
•
理论基础：
二元学习模式（dual-mode system）：基于规则（rulebased）和基于范例（exemplar-based）两种模式互为
补充，在语言学习中发挥着不可或缺的作用。(Skehan
P., A Cognitive Approach to Language Learning,
Oxford:1998)
语言双重体系理论：一是以规则为基础的分析体系(rulebased analytic system)，由单词和语法构成；二是以
记忆为基础的套语体系（memory-based formulaic
system），由具有交际功能的语块构成，相对开放。前
者占据长期记忆的空间小、抽象性高、灵活性强；后者
则能很快从记忆中提取出来，满足即时交际的需要，使
语言准确、流利、地道。（Wray A. Formulaic
Language and the Lexicon, Cambridge, 2002）
朝九晚五的工作
a 9-to-5 job
回到了原来的起点
come full circle
维持正常的生活
carry on life as normal
话说到点子上
strike the right note
分担家庭开支
contribute to the household bills
困在……
get stuck
整个夏天都躲着不见人
spend the summer “hiding”
穿着学位服，带着学位帽
be dressed in gown and
mortarboard
1. They were paying £18,000, which
doesn’t buy you much more than a
tin of beans after rent...
他们给的年薪是18,000镑，交完房租后所
剩无几，也就够买一罐豆子……
not buy sb. more than... 仅够买到……
• Since a quarter will usually not buy
you more than 8 minutes, and many
people don't carry rolls of quarters in
their pockets, consider purchasing a
San Francisco Parking Card.
• There is money to be made with
newly registered domains. What you
can try to do, is to register domains at
$7 each and then resell them for $xx
each. If you resell a domain at $27
you’ll make a $20 profit. This isn’t
much money which might not buy
you more than a meal and
something to drink, but if you choose
this method of getting into
domaining it is about volume.
2. He can recount several episodes of Traffic Cops and
has seen more daytime television than is healthy.
a) Ask students to paraphrase the sentence.
He has seen too much daytime TV. It is not good to his
health.
b) Ask students to translate the sentence.
他白天看电视时间太长，已经影响了他的健康/对健康不利。
b) Call their attention to the pattern:
more...than + be + adj.
c) Practice the pattern/ translate
•
•
•
You eat too much chocolate. It isn’t good
for you.
You eat more chocolate than is good for
you.
You have arrived late too many times. That
isn’t acceptable.
You have arrived late more times than is
acceptable.
I don’t think you should have given so much
personal information. It isn’t wise.
I think you have given more personal
information than is wise.
Culture Notes
Generation Y and Grunt
1. Work in pairs and answer the question. How to name
the generations and characterize them?
Years of birth
Names
Characteristics
Born in the great
1946 – 1960
Baby boomers
increase of births
1960 – 1970
1980s – 1990s
Generation X
Generation Y or
Millennial
Generation
independent,
informal,
entrepreneurial
spoilt by parents;
multi-cultural
society; teamwork;
Honors Degree
1. A degree may be awarded with or without honours,
with the class of an honours degree based on the
average mark of the assessed work a candidate has
completed.
2. The British Undergraduate/Postgraduate degree
classification system is a grading scheme for
undergraduate degrees (bachelor's degrees and
master's degrees) in the United Kingdom.
3. Below is a list of the possible classifications with
common abbreviations.
Key:
2
1
3
Honors Degree
•First-class Honours (1st)
•Second-class Honours, upper division (2:1)
•Second-class Honours, lower division (2:2)
•Third-class Honours (3rd)
•Ordinary-Degree (Pass)
Grammar school and Comprehensive school
• The grammar school:
accessible by exam only
caters to the academically-oriented student;
• The comprehensive:
open to the general spectrum of student ability.
• Only a few areas retain grammar schools;
• a few schools have kept their traditional
"grammar school" name despite being nonselective.
Whoopi Goldberg
• Oscar-winning American actress
• Media personality
• Films: Ghost; Sister Act
The Graduate (1967)
• Ben Braddock is home from
college with a degree in
hand, uncertain future in
mind.
• Add to his confusion the
aggressive advances by the
wife of his father’s business
partner, the sexy Mrs.
Robinson and poor Ben is
completely lost.
• That is until, he meets the girl
of his dreams Elaine.
• One problem: Elaine is Mrs.
Robinson’s daughter!
Postgrad (2009)
• Recent college graduate
Ryden Malby has just survived
four years of higher education.
• the stress of dealing with her
eccentric family, landing a job,
a n d fi n di ng th e ri g ht g u y
Practical Skills
•Learning Objectives:
to learn how to read a job ad;
to learn how to write a job ad;
to learn how to write a cover letter;
to learn how to write a resume;
to learn about a job interview.
Practical Skills
• A good job ad
A resume
A cover letter
A good job ad
Read the basic elements of a job advertisement and
see how they are presented in the sample.
1. "We are...": self-introduction
2. "We are looking for...": job description states a job
title and explains responsibilities
3. "We expect...": job requirements and qualifications
4. "We offer...": any special benefits
5. "We request...": information about what you should
include in your application
A job ad sample
Student ages: 12-18 (from junior high school to senior
high school)
Teaching hour: 18-22 classes for a week
Salary and Benefits:
•Salary: 10,000-15,000 RMB per month depending on
qualifications
Information available
If you are interested, please send your application to
us by email, with your resume, scanned passport with
photo page, visa (if applicable), TEFL certificate or
other English teaching related certificates and
references.
Applying for job vacancies
•Applying for Job Vacancies
Resume
A Covering Letter
Frequently asked Qs in an interview
1. What is important to you in a job？
(Challenge, the feeling of accomplishment,
and knowing that you have made a
contribution.)
2. Why do you want to work for this organization？
(Its reputation, the opportunities it offers, and
the working conditions.)
3. Why should we employ you？
(My academic preparation, job skills, and
enthusiasm about working for the firm.)
4. If we hire you, how long will you stay with us？
As long as my position here allows me to learn
and to advance at a pace consistent with
my abilities.
5. What are your greatest strengths？
see what needs to be done and do it.
willing to make decisions.
work well with others.
organize my time efficiently.
6. What are your greatest weaknesses？
drive myself too hard; expect others to
perform beyond their capacities.
Assignment
Writing task: a cover letter
Oral practice: an interview
Writing Task:
• You read a job ad in a newspaper, seeking
people working temporarily on a summer
cruise round the world.
Here are some jobs available on it:
bar and restaurant staff
medical support staff
tourist guide
keep-fit trainer
DJ
technician
cook
captain’s PA
Write a cover letter and a resume for the job
you are planning to apply for.
Oral Practice:
•Step 1: Work in groups of 4. Role-play a job interview.
Pair A
You work for a company specializing in providing
temporary and part-time staff for a shipping line
which organizes round-the-world cruises.
Choose two of the following jobs which will be
available on a summer cruise round the world.
bar and restaurant staff
DJ
medical support staff
technician
tourist guide
cook
keep-fit trainer
captain’s PA
Write a notice with a brief description of the skills,
qualifications and/or personality needed for each job.
Oral Practice:
•Pair B
You wish to apply for a summer job which will
allow you to see the world and gain useful
experience.
Write a short letter applying for one of the jobs
advertised by Pair A, explaining why you think
you are a good candidate for the job.
Attach your resume to your application.
Oral Practice:
Step 2. Conduct an interview for the job you
advertised or applied for.
Pair A: Read the letter of application and the
resume, if attached. Ask Pair B questions.
Pair B: Reply to Pair A’s questions, and try to find
out more about the job.