Transcript Introduction of High Speed corridor on IR: Impact and

“Introduction of High Speed corridors on IR
Impact and challenges before Civil Engineers”
by
Tribhuvan Gupta
Chief Engineer/Const./Central
Northern Railway
&
Vineet Kumar Srivastava
Dy. Chief Engineer/Const./D-I
Northern Railway
Definition of High speed
As per UIC :
• As regards infrastructure, - A line is described as
a “high speed line” when it is a new one designed
to enable train operation at speeds above 250
kmph throughout the whole journey, or at least
over a significant part of the journey.
• In case of upgraded conventional lines, speeds of
200-220 kmph can be considered high speed if it
results in substantial reduction in journey time.
Milestone in High Speed (Kmph)
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1964
1988
1990
1997
1998
1999
1999
2000
JNR
DB
SNCF
JNR
SNCF
DB
JNR (Maglev)
New York-Boston line
220.0 (max.)
407.0 (test run)
515.3 (test run)
285.0 (max.)
300.0 (max.)
330.0 (max.)
552.0 (test run)
240.0 (comm.)
Some High Speed Trains in the world
Railway Year
Max.
Axle
Length Hauled Seats
speed
Load
of train Vehicles
(Kmph) (tonne)
(m)
JR
1992
350
10
205
2
528
DB AG
1999
330
16
200
4
380
SNCF
1981-85 300
17
200
8
350
Eurostar 1995-96 300
17
319
14
530
Passenger Train Speeds in India
Train
Speed
Max
in
Kmph
Average Trial
Shatabdi Exp (NDLSAGC)
140
95
160
Rajdhani (NDLSHWH)
130
81
145
Rajdhani (NDLS-BCT)
120
80
136
Issues in High Speed Trains
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Identification of corridors on IR up to 2020
Techno-economic feasibility studies
Competition from cheap air travel & expressways
Safety, reliability and comfort
Expected tariff structure
Energy and environmental responsibility
Involvement of imported technology & technology
transfer
Up gradation of existing lines
• Loss of line capacity by about 3 paths for each
high speed train
• Intermittent speed restrictions leading to lack of
long stretches for high speed
• High energy consumption; energy ∞ (speed)3
• Environmental issues : noise, objections, law suits
Construction of new dedicated
high speed lines
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Curves to be flat
Grade separation at crossings
Dedicated rolling stock
Advanced signaling
safety devices
High cost & Low return
Rolling stock
• The rolling stock should be compatible with high speed
and should provide safe and comfortable travel.
• Locomotive WAP-5(cleared for max speed 160 Kmph)
• Coaches LHB
(cleared for max speed of 160 Kmph)
(28 No. available)
(Only nominated rakes to be permitted for high speed)
Track structure as per RDSO
• Rails
: 52 Kg (90 UTS)
• Sleepers
: PSC (60 Kg)
• Ballast Cushion
: 250 mm (minimum)
• Sleeper Density
: 1540 nos/km (minimum)
Track maintenance
• Mobile maintenance unit (MMU) should be
operational.
• Each division to have dedicated fleet of track
machines.
• Fixed maintenance corridor blocks to be available.
• No push trolley/motor trolley inspection in face of the
high speed train.
• On foot inspections schedule to be laid down.
• Real time communication of engineering staff with
station masters, drivers and guards for imposing
engineering speed restrictions, availing engineering
blocks, etc
Contd….
• Fuel and other imprests for petty repairs of small
track machines and T&P items to be liberally
upgraded
• Adequate material imprest and separate vehicle for
PWIs
• Non-core P-way works like de-weeding, cess
repairs, etc. to be out sourced through P-way zones.
• Adequate leave reserve of PWIs to be maintained.
• No vacancy to be left in P.way and other safety
categories.
• IRSE Officers to be posted with tenure of 4 to 5
years (AEN & DEN).
Track monitoring
• Track monitoring by machines.
• The frequency of track recording by TRC shall
be once in two months as existing.
• OMS recording to be conducted at 15 days.
Permissible track tolerances
• Track geometry standards, as per RDSO
report (C&M Vol. 1), are proposed to be
adopted for 150 kmph train, as an interim
measure on NDLS-AGC section.
• One round of through gauging on all the
sleepers.
• No backlog of deep screening.
• DTM should be introduced.
• Gangs to be headed by PWI grade III.
• Zero missing fittings.
Detection mechanism of
discontinuity in rails
• To provide walkie-talkie sets to key men,
patrolmen, PWMs & PWIs and Officers.
• VHF sets to have channels of S&T and
operating Branches also.
• Adequacy of existing system of USFD to be
reassessed.
• USFD organisation to be modified to have
sub-divisional control.
Increased emphasis on
passenger comfort
• The limits of TGI values to be enhanced from
existing 80 to 85 to ensure better maintenance of
track.
• No fish plated joints to be allowed except under
suitable speed restrictions.
Review of maximum permissible cant, cant
deficiency, cant gradient etc. on curves.
• Board have tentatively permitted cant deficiency
(Cd) of 125 mm against 100 mm permitted on
curves upto 20. Final clearance after trials.
• The existing limits for rate of change of cant i.e.
55 mm per second for design of transition length
for a curve will be applicable.
The capability of aged bridges
• To withstand the increased dynamic augment
at high speeds
• The tendency of resonance was noted on
multiple spans of 18.3 m and above while
doing trial at speed higher than 160 kmph
with WDM4 loco. It needs to be observed
during trial.
• All bridges should be ballasted deck type
with LWR on them.
Suitability of steel channel sleepers
• Steel channel sleepers to be permitted as an
interim measure.
• No speed restrictions are considered necessary on
steel channel sleepers.
• Observe the behaviour of these sleepers at least for
one year on a monthly basis.
• Sub-structure of bridges with steel channel
sleepers to be kept under watch.
• FRP sleeper\ imported wooden sleepers.
Level Crossings
• All Level Crossings enroute, to be manned,
interlocked and provided with telephone.
• All level crossings to be grade separated in a
time bound manner.
• Construction of ROBs to be on BOT basis.
Need of fencing along the track
• Demarcation of Railway Boundary with
verified land plans is must for construction
of fencing.
• Fencing to be provided selectively depending
on the possibility of trespassing of stray
cattle etc.
• Height of fencing should be 2 m and the
bottom 0.3 m to be left clear to allow
passage to accumulate water etc.
• Out sourcing of security patrolling to prevent
tress passing and damage to fencing
Criteria for rolling stock
• Board/RDSO to lay down the revised
criteria for Rolling stock with due
consideration for passenger comfort and
safety against derailment,consider tilting
body coaches and steerable bogies as
available abroad.
• Day light maintenance of R.S. to be laid
down.
Study of yard lay out
• No high speed if the run through lines is a
platform line.
• Speed restrictions to be imposed in such yards
• Separate through lines to be provided in a
planned manner.
• Towns to have bye pass lines which will help
to have separate line in future.
Signalling
• Digital speed indicator showing max
permissible speed, actual speed & speed to
be maintained for punctual running
• Provision of double distant wherever not
provided
• Automatic warning to Driver of signal
aspect
C & M – I Report
• Track parameters studied – Unevenness,
Alignment, Gauge, X- level and twist
• Max acceleration in cab and coach floor – 0.3g and
occasional peak of 0.35g accepted, if no resonant
tendency is shown
• Ride Index (Loco) – 3.75 to 4.0 satisfactory
(3.75 is to be preferred)
• Ride Index (Coach) – 3.25 to 3.50 satisfactory
(3.25 is to be preferred)
Planning on Indian Railways
NDLS-AGC Section
( targeted for March 2005)
• NDLS – TKD 18 Km
• TKD-AGC
Total
• NR
• NCR
• Total
175 Km
193 Km
NDLS-PWL
PWL-AGC
speed of 120 kmph
(existing)
speed of 150 kmph
(existing 130 kmph)
57 Km
136 Km
193 Km
Stations on NR (150 kmph)
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Junction Cabin ( Tughlakabad)
Faridabad
Faridabad New Town
Ballabgarh
Asaoti
Palwal
Typical works for high speed by upgradation of
conventional track being done by NR
• Removal of wooden sleepers
• Provision of thick web switches in facing direction
• All turnouts to be fan shaped layout. Replacement
of 72 UTS rails with 90 UTS rails.
• Need based CTR & patch RR to remove small
stretches of 52 kg rails between 60 kg. turnouts.
• Fencing of vulnerable locations.
Contd.
• AT welds to be joggled & provided with
wooden block.
• Removal of IMR defects and kinky welds.
• Deep screening and destressing.
• Tamping in design mode.
• Panel interlocking of stations.
Observations during Foot plate inspection
of NDLS-PWL section on 05.02.05
• AEN was having VHF set with facility of
communication with Engineering and operating
staff.
• Trespassing has reduced but fencing is not fully
effective.
• Need for Exclusive AEN & his team for up
gradation of Track
• Separate high speed corridor may be better option
as up- gradation interferes in the smooth traffic
flow on the already saturated trunk route.
RUNNING OF 150 KMPH HIGH SPEED
TRAIN ON
NEW DELHI – AGRA SECTION.
• CCRS vide his letter dt.21-11-03 had raised
several issues pertaining to various departments.
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Civil Engg
35
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S&T
14
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Electrical }
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Locos
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10
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Electric traction
1
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Total
60
Summary of important items
Civil Engineering
Item
Railway’s remarks
Policy decision to run train Railway Board has decided to run
at speeds higher than 140 one train only at 150 KMPH on
KMPH on existing lines TKD Agra section (NDLS-AGC).
carrying mixed traffic.
Provision
of
grade Presently all LC's are to be
separation in lieu of LC
manned & interlocked. Out of 95
LCs, 26 are still to be interlocked.
contd…
Item
Railway’s remarks
Provision of fencing to
prevent tress passing.
Fencing to be done in phases. 22
km (7 km NR & 15 km NCR) will
be done in first phase.
Need for reliable
disaster management.
Disaster management plan already
exists in IR.
Installation of
No need in this area.
anemometer at location
of high wind velocity
contd….
Item
Railway’s remarks
Modification to SOD, if
required.
No need for 150kmph.
Modification in G&SR
(Placement of detonator
banner flag etc.)
Emergency braking distance is
1200m only (during trials,
therefore, no change is required)
Ensure lower limits of
vertical & horizontal
acceleration.
No change in the limits.
contd…
Item
Railway’s remarks
Reliability of assets
against failures such as
rails and welds
Existing system of keyman
patrolling/cold weather
patroling is O.K.
Study of Yard layout
High speed is not to be
platform line is not run- applicable on such lines.
through line.
Track
Capability of steel
bridges to withstand
dynamic augment
Since it is passenger train,
therefore, it is not critical.
Adequacy of existing
curves for High speed
keeping in view Cd,
Ce and Cg
Cant deficiency of 125 mm
will bepermitted (Only 7
curves, one on NR & 6 on
NCR).
Using of swing nose
crossing and check
rail on switches.
Use of SNC requires changes
in interlocking hence not
desirable. Use TW switches.
contd….
Formation treatment to
be done in patches.
No formation problem in
this section.
In case of back long of
tamping cycles/USFD –
reduce speed.
This will be ensured.
Reduce frequency of
Once in a fortnight by
track monitoring to once OMS-2000. Once in 2
a week.
months by TRC.
Elimination of manual
Mechanised maintenance is
maintenance. Track M/C planned.
to be provided at DEN
level.
contd…
The adequacy of
existing standards of
track structure and
turnouts.
As per RDSO minimum, 52
kg rail 90 UTS, PSC sleeper
with 1540 no./km, 250 mm
ballast cushion.
Suitable track structure No instance of sabotage.
for making tamper proof (Anti-sabotage ERCs are
at vulnerable locations being procured).
such as high bank,
bridge approaches.
Suitability of steel
channel sleeper.
No limitation by RDSO, but
observe behavior for one
year.
contd…
Advisability of
wooden sleeper on
bridges.
Will remain as an interim
measure.
Review of inspection No push trolley in face of the
by push trolley and high speed train. Rail dolly to
use of Rail Dolly.
be used only under block
protection.
ICE 1 the first german high speed train
Thalys train which link Paris, Brussels,
Amsterdam, and Cologne/Düsseldorf
Swedish tilting train X2000
Japanese maglev train
Acela, the american tilting train
Abbreviations
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JNR-Japanese National Railway
DBAG-Deutsche Bahn Auswirkungen
SNCF-Societe Nationale des Chemins de fer Francais
ICE-Intercity Express
ACELA- Excellence &Acceleration
TGV-Train a Grand Vitesse
MAGLEV – Magnetic Levitation
C&M – Civil & Mechanical