Transcript Slide 1
Food Security Analysis Unit
The Integrated Food Security and Humanitarian Phase Classification (IPC) ALNAP Nairobi June 2006
Outline • Need for a common classification system • Existing systems and global initiatives • Overview of IPC and Situation Analysis • Components of the IPC – Reference Table – Analysis Templates – Cartographic Protocols – Standardized Population Tables • Potential for replication and expansion
A Common Classification System would lead to…..
• …food security and humanitarian interventions being more: – Needs based – Strategic – Timely Because a Classification System can enable ….
• Technical consensus • Comparability over space • Comparability over time • Transparency through evidence-based analysis • Accountability • Clear early warning • More strategic response
We need a….
…. ‘common currency’ for describing nature and severity of crises.
Existing Classification Systems Oxfam Howe and Devereux MSF FEWSNET WFP ODI Others… On-going Related Global Initiatives SMART Benchmarking Humanitarian Tracking Service IASC Sphere Guidelines
The IPC draws from aspects of existing systems and can potentially contribute to these global initiatives.
The IPC is a tool to ….
• enable a composite analytical statement on food security and humanitarian situations • for current situation analysis and early warning • drawing together multiple indicators of human welfare and livelihoods • for consistent and meaningful analysis.
The IPC summarizes Situation Analysis… …a distinct stage in the ‘analysis response continuum’.
‘Situation Analysis’ in the ‘Analysis-Response Continuum’
Situation Analysis
Response Analysis Response Planning Monitoring/ Evaluation Response Imple mentation
Key Aspects of Situation Analysis
• • • • • • • • • • • Severity (phase classification) Geographic coverage Magnitude (# people) Immediate causes Underlying causes Identification of general needs Current responses Criteria for social targeting Transitory vs. chronic Projected trend / scenarios Confidence level of analysis
Components of the IPC include… • Reference Table • Analysis Templates • Cartographic Protocols • Standardized Population Tables
IPC Reference Table
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Phases include full spectrum
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Broad categories, yet essential 1.
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Explicit inclusion of ‘livelihood crisis’
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Early Warning Levels include: alert, moderate risk, and high risk.
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Linked to probability, severity, substantiation,
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appropriate action, and timeframe
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Reference outcomes, not process
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vulnerability
Breadth of humanitarian outcomes
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Current or imminent outcomes on lives and livelihoods
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Fewest possible
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Measurable / practical
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Support phase classification through convergence of evidence
Analysis Templates have 3 parts
1.
– – Support of Phase Classification statement Direct and indirect evidence Evaluation of data reliability 2.
– Key information for mitigating immediate outcomes Hazards, effects on access/availability, opportunities for response, etc.
3.
– Key information for supporting livelihoods and addressing underlying causes Underlying causes, effects on livelihood assets, opportunities for addressing underlying causes
Standarized Population Tables
• • • List magnitude of problem by administrative boundary, livelihood zone, and livelihood system Can include layers of crisis levels – Identify number of people in Phase 3, 4, or 5 Do not list ‘number of people in need’
In Summary, what the IPC is…
• A tool for summarizing and communicating Situation Analysis, based on common standards, that links complex information to action • A technical ‘forum’ for enabling technical consensus
And what the IPC is not…
• A method—it draws from multiple methods • An information system—it is a complimentary ‘add-on’ • Response analysis—this is the next step, which is based on sound situation analysis
Potential for Replication and Expansion
• Consistent and positive feedback from analysts, governments, implementing agencies, donors, media. • While developed in Somalia context, based on international standards • Endorsement by GHA Regional Food Security and Nutrition Working Group • Being discussed in numerous forums
GHA FOOD SECURITY OUTLOOK (Jun.-Dec., 2006) Draft Preliminary Analysis, March 6 2006 SOURCE: Phase Classification
5 Generally Food Secure 4 Chronically Food Insecure 3 Acute Food and Livelihood Crisis 2 Humanitarian Emergency 1 Famine/Humanitarian Catastrophe Areas not icluded in analysis Watch Moderate Risk High Risk colour of diagonal lines indicates severity For category explanations see http://www.fsausomali.org
GHA Government Ministries