CST 594 Mobile Computing

Kavitha Elamparith Pratibha Channamsetty Eshwari Mente Shruti Shivashankaraiah Pranay Mahendra Adit Shah Naveen Kumar

Integrating mobile apps with ERP data systems 46% Developing apps quickly 43.3% Testing and Quality Assurance 36.8% Compelling Experiences 34.9% Supporting multiple platforms from a common codebase 33.3%

0

Cross platform development 32.8% Supporting multiple platforms 27.7%

10 20 30 40 50

Why Titanium?

Faster Development

Develop native applications 20% faster than writing in the native language

Code Reuse

Reuse 60%-90% of developed code when supporting multiple platforms

Reduce Cost

Most apps take at least six months of full-time work and cost between $20,000 and $150,000 to develop.

Reduce cost of development cross-platform by using a JavaScript based SDK

History

2006 - Appcelerator in Atlanta, Georgia - Jeff Haynie (CEO) and Nolan Wright (CTO) 2008 - New HQ in Mountain View, CA - raised $6.2 M from Storm Ventures and Lary Augustin 2009 - Titanium launched at the Apples WWDC -1200 developers downloaded Appcelerator in 48 hrs - iPhone- and Android-based mobile applications in June 2010 - April - BlackBerry, iPad-based tablet apps - raised $9M in Series B form Sierra Ventures and eBay.

History - ( continued )

2011 - Acquired Aptana Inc and Particle Code. 2012 - New Office in Beijing, China - Europe HQ opens in UK - Acquired Cocoafish and Nodeable - Launched Appcelerator Cloud Services (ACS) - Launched Titanium 3.0

Appcelerator Announces CODESTRONG 2012 Mobile Conference To Be Held in San Francisco

2013 - Opens an office in SFO 408,612 registered developers have launched 51,208 apps

Growth Chart

• 1.5 Million Developers - 22.1k Apps in the Wild - 20 Million Active Users Making Titanium a Leading Mobile Development Platform among many

Appcelerator Titanium

• Open source SDK, Tools (Apache) • Cross-platform (Win32, OSX, Linux) • Based on WebKit • Modular and extensible • Supports JavaScript, Python, Ruby

Titanium Overview

Applications are built entirely in

JavaScript Cross Platform !== “Write Once, Run Everywhere” Cross Platform == “Write Once, Adapt Everywhere”

–

Best Practices

Protect global scope

–

Be modular

–

Keep code DRY – (

D

on’t

R

epeat

Y

ourself)

Similar to rich web based client applications – –

Sophisticated UI controls Client-side Data Models

–

Local Storage and focused remote data access

Component Oriented, Event Driven

Titanium Mobile Develop Native iPhone, Android, and iPad apps with full access to each device’s APIs.

Products

Appcelerator Network Cloud services used for testing, packaging, distribution, and analytics.

Titanium Desktop Build Desktop apps that can be deployed with one code base on the PC, Mac, or Linux platforms.

Titanium Alloy It is an MVC framework used to develop applications in a structured way

Architecture

Product Architecture

Pros and Cons

1. Rapid prototyping 2. JavaScript 3. Cross-platform 4. Growing community

Cons

1. Increasing complexity

Development complexities (and costs) rise more than proportionally to application complexity increases

2. No Freemium

StoreKit, a module to enable In-App Purchase to Apple’s App Store, poorly documented and it seems to work only partially. unstable for production use

3. Laggy

Obviously you can have the most smooth, fast and comfortable user experience possible only with apps developed with a native development environment.

Memory:

System Requirements

Product

Titanium Studio Latest Android SDK Latest Android SDK Latest Android SDK

Host Operating System

All OS X Windows Ubuntu

RAM

1GB (contiguous) 1.5GB (contiguous) 1GB (contiguous) 1.5GB (contiguous)

System Requirements

Operating System: Operating System Apple Mac OS X Min Version 10.7 (Lion) 10.6 (Snow Leopard) supported for SDK 2.1.X and earlier.

Max Version 10.8 (Mountain Lion) Windows Ubuntu Linux Windows 7 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx) Windows 8 12.04 (Precise Pangolin)

Downloading & Installing

 Valid Appcelerator Network account.

 Download the installer from: https://my.appcelerator.com/resources

Launch the installer

Things to setup

Installing native sdks

Installing android sdk

Launching Titanium Studio

Android SDK Manger

Packages to install

Useful software

Git (optional, but recommended)

Operating System Package Name Package Version Download Location

OS X Windows Ubuntu git msysgit git Latest(1.8.1.3) Latest(1.8.1.2) Latest http://git scm.com/downlo ad/mac http://git scm.com/downlo ad/win Default Repositories

Importing a Sample Project

Creating a new project

New Titanium mobile project

Selecting template

Project File system Layout

Configuring the tiapp xml file

Run the project

How Titanium Works Running!

(in simulator) Project in XCode/ObjC Code your pages “ Run ” Titanium SDK

Window structure

window view

Titanium Features

• • • • Native UI – Real Native tables, tabs, sliders and views Rich Media APIs – Local and streaming audio and video, media recording Local and streaming – Native Maps, compass and Geo location Open Source and Extensible – Extend titanium with custom modules in native code.

• • • •

Cont..

Local and Remote Data – Local SQL database, Light weight Key/Value store, XHR.

Integrated Analytics – Baked-in analytics APIs to measure results and behavior.

Social APIs – Integrated Face book connect and YQL.

Development Tools – Development and distribute your app for multiple platform from a single tool.

Native UI controls

• Use native UI controls through a JavaScript interface

• • • • •

UI in Native and Titanium Application

iOS Phones have one screen resolution. Building Android apps require you to take the various screen sizes and aspect ratio into account.

Titanium relies on native controls and UI.

We write code in JavaScript , using special API that builds the UI controls.

Recent addition of commonJS module made developing apps more fast and modular.

Cont..

• Writing same code for both the UI makes thing difficult to handle.

Reasons: 1. They have different screen resolution 2. Different controls 3. iOS takes 45% of the screen, while android has more dropdowns.

So In Titanium we create separate UI modules that communicate with same code.

Common APIs

Media

•

Stream or package audio and video content same for both platforms

•

Accelerometer Use advance gesture and track movement to create groundbreaking user interface.

•

Geo location Use Geo location to leverage your user’s position in the world

•

Face book connect

Facebook module is available which uses new authentication features on both Android and iOS as well as a new set of methods to retrieve and submit data.

We can either use 1. Titanium.Facebook.authorize() method 2. Facebook LoginButton (Titanium.Facebook.createLoginButton()) on to your view and, when the user clicks it, we’ll handle calling ’authorize’.

Set Titanium.Facebook.appid to your Facebook application id before initiating authorization For more basic permission set Titanium.Facebook.permissions property to an array of the permissions you need.

Cont..

The Pizza App

Main Javascript files: 1. App.js

2. Main.js

3. Crust.js

4. Toppings.js

5. Details.js

6. End.js

How to ?

1. Display Clock 2. Create view 3. Create Scrollable view 4. Navigate 5. Animate 6. Fire an Event 7. Handle an Event

  

Listening to Custom events Adding the Toppings List Persisting Crust Selection

Working With Data on Titanium

Titanium Data Options:

 Local Data  Remote Data

Working With Local Data

   Titanium Local Storage Options:

Application Properties File System Database

To use a device's local storage, Titanium provides * Titanium.App.Properties :ideal for storing application-related settings * Titanium.Filesystem :facilitates file and directory manipulation * Titanium.Database :gives access to local SQLite databases Each of these enable data to persist on a device across application restarts, power cycles, re-installation and even migration to a new device.

•

What kind of data storage should I use?

• •

Application Properties

– data consists of simple key/value pairs data is related to the application rather than the user • • data does not require other data in order to be meaningful or useful

Filesystem

– the data is already provided in file format the data is an image file

• • • •

Database

– There are many similar data items Items of data relate to each other require flexibility over how the data will be presented when you retrieve it the data accumulates over time, such as transaction, logging or archiving data

Application Properties

• • • • • Reading and Writing Properties six sets of get/set methods for handling six different data types:

getBool() / setBool()

: for booleans (true, false)

getDouble() / setDouble()

: for double-precision floating point numbers

getInt() / setInt()

: for integers

getList() / setList()

: for arrays

getString() / setString()

: for strings

Filesystem Storage

•

Objects Titanium.Filesystem

used for reading and saving files and directories on the device.

is the top level Filesystem module •

Titanium.Filesystem.File

is the file object which supported common filesystem based operations such as create, read, write, delete, etc.

•

Properties Data storage locations:

•

applicationDataDirectory

: A read-only constant that indicates where your application data directory is located. Place application-specific files in this directory.

•

resourcesDirectory

: A read-only constant where your application resources are located •

tempDirectory

: A read-only constant that indicates where your application can place temporary files

•

Filesystem Storage

cont...

Filesystems Methods

getFile( )

: return a file path as a Titanium.Filesystem.File

object •

read()

: return the contents of file as blob • write() : write the contents to file •

deleteFile()

: delete the file •

exists()

: return true if the file or directory exists on the device •

move()

: move the file to another path •

rename()

: rename the file •

nativePath()

: return the fully resolved native path

•

Database and file system

Pre requisites: SQLite Database Easy ways to create a sqlite database – SQLite Manager (Firefox add on) – SQLite database Browser.

• Place your database file in the resource folder in your titanium project. The database installation will reference that folder to install your database.

SQLite Databases

• SQLite3 is the latest version of the mobile SQL-based relational database management system (RDMS), chosen by Apple, Google and RIM to provide local data storage on their mobile devices.

Objects

Titanium.Database

the top level Database module. The Database module is used for creating and accessing the in application Database. •

Titanium.Database.DB

is the Database instance returned by Titanium.Database.open or Titanium.Database.install. •

Titanium.Database.ResultSet

is the ResultSet instance returned by invoking a database SQL execute.

Database Methods

SQLite Databases

• • • •

open( )

: open a database. if it doesn't yet exist, create it.

execute( )

: execute a SQL statement against the database and returns a ResultSet.

•

close( )

: close the database and release resources from memory.

•

install( )

: installs the database on the device/emulator •

ResultSet Methods

isValidRow( )

: return true if the row is a valid row.

fieldByName( )

: retrieve a row value by field name.

next( )

: iterate to the next row in the result set.

•

Working With Remote Data

•

Remote Data in Titanium

Your Titanium application can interact with remote servers over HTTP using the HTTPClient object provided through the Titanium.Network namespace.

Objects

•

Titanium.Network.HTTPClient

is the HttpClient instance returned from Titanium.Network.createHTTPClient.

HTTPClient Methods

open()

: open the request and ready the connection.

•

send()

: send the request (Only async is currently supported).

• SetRequestHeader() : set the request header. Must be called after open but before send.

• setTimeout() : set the request timeout

RSS Reader

• Fetches the latest 10 items off the New York Times RSS feed and displays them in a TableView. • Clicking on one of the items will open the link in a web browser. • Titanium’s HTTPClient object allows remote requests similar to Ajax/JS in a web browser. • An onload() method that handles the response of the request and an open() method in which we specify the type of request (GET/POST/PUT/DELETE) and the URL we are requesting. Finally we initiate the request by calling the send() method.

•

RSS Reader

Even though we are coding in Javascript, we are not in a web browser environment, so the usual document and window objects do not exist. • This means frameworks which make XML manipulation easy, such as jQuery and Mootools, will not work. However Titanium offers us the DOMDocument object, which acts and has a similar API to the web browser document object.

• We can get the output of the HTTP request and automatically turn it into a DOMDocument object by accessing it as this.responseXML.documentElement.

•

RSS Reader

After the DOMDocument instance is set up, we do a simple XPath query to get the title and iterate over the items to get the data about the individual posts.

• Next step is to populate the TableView. To do this we create several Titanium.UI.TableViewRow

objects and then append them to our TableView. • Last step is to add functionality so that when an item in the TableView is clicked, the Android web browser will open to that specific post. Our code needs to listen for a click event on a TableViewRow and then launch a Titanium.Android.Intent

.

RSS Reader

Click on a link

Competitors

Purpose to enable cross-platform mobile application development

• • • • • •

PhoneGap vs Titanium

PhoneGap-HTML based solution.

Titanium-Pure javaScript API.

PhoneGap runs in a native web browser view.

Appcelerator compiles to Native Code.

PhoneGap promotes code re-use and easiest transition from desktop to mobile.

Appcelerator higher level API for native mobile development.

Differences

• • • • • • •

How to Choose???

Options seem endless.

Native app?

Cross-platform solution? HTML5? Or A mix? Where should a developer to start? What should a growing business invest in?

Like most things in life, it depends.