Transcript Supreme Court Cases

Nationalism
What you need to know
• McCulloch v. Maryland
• John Quincy Adams & his
border treaties
• Monroe Doctrine
• Missouri Compromise
Nationalism
• Belief that national interests
are most important
• More than state or regional
Politics in early 1800s
• Dem-Reps
– President
– Congress
– Most citizens
• Federalists
– Court system
• Court decisions
usually favored
national gov
over states
McCulloch v. Maryland
• MD put state tax on Bank of US
• Tried to run it out of business
• Argued Congress had no right
to form a national bank
– Const. didn’t list it as allowed power
McCulloch v. Maryland
• Supreme Court decided:
• Congress has powers that
aren’t listed in Constitution
–Made national gov stronger than
the states
• Necessary and Proper Clause
1816 & 1820 elections
• James Monroe
(D-R) won both
elections easily
• 1820 – actually
ran unopposed
President review
• Washington( - , VA)
•
•
•
•
Adams
Jefferson
Madison
Monroe
(Fed, MA)
(DR, VA)
(DR, VA)
(DR, VA)
1788, 1792
1796
1800, 1804
1808, 1812
1816, 1820
John Quincy Adams
• James Monroe’s
Sec of State
– Became next Pres.
• Secured national
borders
• Allowed US to
concentrate on
internal issues
Border treaties
• Demilitarized Canada border (1817)
• Set exact US-Canada border (1818)
• Spain gave Florida to US & agreed
on border in west (1819)
Monroe Doctrine
• Written by JQA
• European countries were trying
to rebuild colonies in Americas
–Spain, Portugal, Russia
• US felt threatened
Monroe Doctrine
• Pres Monroe announced that:
– US won’t get involved in Europe
– US won’t bother existing colonies in
N&S America
– US won’t allow Europe to build new
colonies in N&S America
– Warning to European countries
Missouri Compromise – 1820
• When territory’s population hit
60,000, could ask to be a state
• Before 1818 – 20 states in US
–10 slave / 10 free
–Power balance in Senate
Missouri Compromise – 1820
• Slave & free state usually
admitted as a pair
–North had higher population –
held control over House
–South scared of losing balance
of power in Senate
Missouri Compromise – 1820
• 1818 – IL joins as 11th free state
• Missouri up for admission
–Was a slave state
–Northern Congressmen tried to
make Missouri free their slaves
–Would upset balance in Senate
Missouri Compromise – 1820
• South went ballistic
–AL admitted instead of MO
• South nearly seceded & started
the Civil War (40 years early)
Missouri Compromise – 1820
• Henry Clay worked out
temporary compromise
–Admit Maine as free state
–Admit Missouri as slave state
–No new slave states north of
36°30’N except Missouri
Missouri Compromise – 1820
What you need to know
• McCulloch v. Maryland
• John Quincy Adams & his
border treaties
• Monroe Doctrine
• Missouri Compromise
James Monroe…
what do we need to know?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwvHtkCusHo&feature=relmfu