Transcript State of the Art and Disruptive Upstarts

Wireless Video and Advancements in HPNA and
Whole House DVR
Gordon Caverly, RCDD
Ben Pidek, P.E.
Network Devices in the Home
More and more
devices that you
find in the home
are capable of
connecting to
the home data
network and
onto the web.
Network Devices in the Home
 Computers
 Laptops, Desktops, Printers, Scanners, Network Storage
 Mobile Devices
 Smart Phones, PDAs, Tablets
 Entertainment
 Set-top Boxes (WH/DVR or NDVR?), Smart TVs/OTT
Devices, Gaming Consoles, Media Sharing Devices
 Home Automation and Monitoring
 Security, Climate Control, Lighting, Smart Meters,
Sprinklers, Refrigerators, Consumer Electronics
Estimated Data Rates for Home Services
Data Rates for
Entertainment Services
SD MPEG-2 video
6-8 Mbps
stream
HD MPEG-2 video
12-20 Mbps
stream
SD MPEG-4 video
2 Mbps
stream
HD MPEG-4 video
8 Mbps
stream
VoIP
1 Mbps
Data services
5-15 Mbps
Online multiplayer
2 Mbps
gaming
Audio streaming
2 Mbps
Estimated Data Rates for
Household Type
Entry Level Mbps
1 MPEG-2 HD
20
2 MPEG-2 SD
16
VoIP
1
Data
5
Total
42
Advanced Level
2 MPEG-2 HD
2 MPEG-2 SD
VoIP
Data
Gaming
Audio
Total
Mbps
40
16
1
10
2
2
71
Estimated Data Rates for Home Services (Cont.)
Estimated Data Rates for Household Type
80
70
Audio
60
Gaming
50
Mbps
Data
40
VoIP
30
2 x SD
20
HD
10
0
Entry 1xHDTV
Advanced 2xHDTV
Where Broadband is Going
Forecasted Broadband Penetration From all Providers
2008 Forecast
Where Broadband is Going (Cont.)
Forecasted Broadband Penetration From all Providers
2011 Forecast
Service Provider Challenge
So, You Have a 1 Gb Fiber Fed ONT
 What services does the customer want?
 What’s the existing infrastructure in
the home?
 Is it usable?
 How do you get the services
throughout the home?
 What solutions are available to the
provider?
 What will it cost in time and money?
If You Want to Rewire the House
 Cat 5e/6a
 Plastic Optical Fiber (POF)
 Impervious to noise, electrical interference, UV lights
Cable
Data Rates
Cat 5e
1 Gbps Max @ 300 ft.
Cat 6a
10 Gbps Max @ 80 ft, 1 Gbps Max @ 300 ft.
POF
1 Gbps Max @ 300 ft.
Surveying the Minefield of In-Home
Distribution Technologies
I don’t want to rewire the whole house!!!!!!!
Options for distributing services throughout the subscriber’s
home without having to rewire?
Using Existing Wiring
 HomePNA
 Multimedia Over Coax Alliance (MoCA)
 Power Line Communications (HomePlug)
 G.hn (emerging)
Data Rates for Different Types of In-Home
Distribution Technologies (Wired)
1000 Mbps
1000
900
700 Mbps
Data Rate (Mbps)
800
700
600
500
320 Mbps
400
300
200 Mbps
200
100
0
HomePlug AV
HomePNA v3.1
MoCA 2
G.hn
In-Home Distribution Technologies (Cont.)
Options for distributing services throughout the
subscriber’s home without having to rewire?
Wireless
 WLAN
 802.11 a/b/g/n/ac
 WPAN (Short Range-Single Room at best)
 WirelessHD (2-5 Gbps)
 Wireless Home Digital Interface (1 Gbps)
 Ultra Wideband (110 – 480Mbps)
 WiGig (7 Gbps)
 Bluetooth
 IEEE 802.15.4 (Zigbee)
Residential Gateway / Home Access Point
 Industry could head towards residential gateways for
delivering services in the home,
 Fed by some type of broadband pipe (or even multiple pipes
and service providers)
o
Flexible architecture for varying infrastructures (i.e., ADSL, ADSL2+,
VDSL2, VDSL Bonded, FTTP)
 Flexible Networking Options
o 802.11g/n wireless, Ethernet, HomePNA, MoCA
 Distribution inside the home could include a wireless hub for
multiple devices.
o
o
Video distribution to “multiscreen” devices almost always assumes
wireless distribution to handheld devices.
Main devices in the home might be better served with a wired
connection.
Residential Gateway
Streaming Video in the Home Wirelessly
 What type of in-home wireless technology do you
need?
 802.11a/b/g/n
 What are some of the potential problems?
 Interference from other devices in or near the home
 Distance from the AP
 Construction material of the home
 Jitter, latency, packet error rate (PER) etc.
 What are the bandwidth requirements?
 HD vs. SD, MPEG-2 vs. MPEG-4
802.11 Data Rates
Peak Data Rates in Mbps
20 MHz Channel
802.11 Amendments
40 MHz Channel
1
1
2
3
4
2
3
4
stream streams streams streams stream streams streams streams
802.11b (2.4 GHz)
11
802.11a (5 GHz)
54
802.11g (2.4 GHz)
54
802.11n (2.4 & 5 GHz),
800ns GI
802.11n (2.4 & 5 GHz),
400ns GI (short GI
enabled)
65
130
195
260
135
270
405
540
72.2
144.4
216.7
288.9
150
300
450
600
Why 802.11a/b/g Aren’t Good Options
 Not enough throughput capability
 Peak 11 Mbps for 802.11b and peak 54 Mbps for 802.11a/g
 802.11b/g can only use the 2.4 GHz ISM band
 Only 3 non-overlapping 20 MHz channels available
 Heavy RF congestion in this band from the large amount
of existing 802.11b/g devices and other non-802.11
devices like Bluetooth, Wireless USB and cordless
phones
What’s so Special About 802.11n?
 Multiple Input / Multiple Output (MIMO)
 The use of multiple transmitters and receivers
simultaneously
 Capable of wider channel bandwidths - 40 MHz




channel width vs. 20 MHz
New type of OFDM called High Throughput-OFDM
(HT-OFDM)
Can use Shorter Guard Intervals
Frame aggregation and Block Acknowledgement
Can also use 5.0 GHz UNII and UNII II Band
Multiple Input / Multiple Output (MIMO)
 Spatial Multiplexing
 Splits the data stream
into multiple parts
 Multiple data streams
over a single channel
increases throughput
 Generally, as you scale
up in the number of
antennas, you get an
increase in throughput
 Uses multipath
(spatial diversity) to its
advantage
MIMO (Cont.)
 Space Time Block Coding (STBC)
 Sends outgoing signal stream redundantly
o
o
By comparing streams, the receiver has a better chance of
determining the original signal stream in the presence of
interference and distortion
Improves reliability by reducing error rate experienced at a given
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR)
 Transmit Beamforming (TxBF)
 Multiple transmitters simultaneously transmit same data
stream with small and intentional phase offsets
 Allows for optimization of transmission for particular points
in space around the transmitter
o
o
Effectively steers the transmitted signal stream towards the intended
receiver
Takes advantage of signal reflections and multipath to improve
received signal strength
HT-OFDM
 High Throughput – Orthogonal Frequency Division
Multiplexing
 Increase in the number of available subcarriers
Channel Bandwidth
 Capable of 40 MHz channel bandwidth in addition to legacy 20 MHz
channel bandwidth
 Channel bonding will actually increase channel bandwidth by more
than double because the guard band between channels is no longer
needed
 Not recommended in 2.4 GHz ISM band due to limited available nonoverlapping channels and interference concerns
2.4 GHz
ISM Band
Channel Bandwidth (Cont.)
In the United States, use of certain 5 GHz UNII frequencies are only available with
dynamic frequency selection (DFS) enabled.
What’s Next - 802.11ac
 Wider channel bandwidths
 80 MHz and 160 MHz channel bandwidths (vs. 40 MHz maximum
in 802.11n)
o
o
80 MHz mandatory for stations (STAs), 160 MHz optional
Further increase in throughput
 More MIMO spatial streams
 Support for up to 8 spatial streams (vs. 4 in 802.11n)
 Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO)
 Multiple STAs, each with one or more antennas, transmit or receive
independent data streams simultaneously
o
“Space Division Multiple Access” (SDMA): streams not separated by
frequency, but instead resolved spatially
 Simpler Beamforming
 Single sounding and feedback format (vs. multiple in 802.11n)
Smartphones (and Tablets) easily
connect to WiFi
 Often used in homes that have no Ethernet connections.
 MPEG-DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Steaming over HTTP) is
a developing standard for streaming video to small-screen
devices.
 Potential to replace other existing streaming technologies like
Microsoft Smooth Streaming, Adobe Dynamic Streaming
and Apple HTTP Live Streaming (HLS)
 Conditional access security / encryption is set up to deploy
to any screen; once you’ve purchased the content you can
watch it on any device.
 Short-form video on small devices, typically wirelessly.
Long-form (movies, sports, broadcast real-time video) on
big-screen devices.
So, if I can do it all wirelessly…
 Small-screen video is typically low-bandwidth – at
least in comparison to HD or 3D video
 Interference / developing congestion
 Some devices have Ethernet ports (or HDMI, etc) and
don’t have built-in wireless?
 Security / privacy
HomePNA & Recent Advancements
What is HomePNA?
 Formerly the Home Phoneline Networking Alliance
 ITU Standard G.9954
 Originally developed for Ethernet networking over
balanced pair telephone wire
 Version 3.1 added support for Ethernet over coax
 Developed for entertainment applications like IPTV
 Guaranteed QoS necessary for delivering triple-play services
 Data rates up to 320 Mbps
 Can coexist with DSL on phone lines but cannot coexist
with DOCSIS over coax
 Supports Remote Diagnostics and Management
HPNA
 Can be used through a residential gateway with HPNA
enabled set-top boxes
 As an alternative, IPTV set-top boxes, PCs, etc. could
be connected to relatively inexpensive ($50-$60)
HPNA Coax Ethernet Network Adapters (HCNA)
HCNA
HPNA (Cont.)
Advancements in HPNA
 HPNA v3.1 (released January 2007, ITU G.9954)
 Added support for Ethernet over coax operation
 HomePNA and HomeGrid (ITU G.hn) sign liaison agreement
(February 2009)
 HomePNA Alliance ratifies new broadband access specifications
which builds on HPNA v3.1 (March 2011)
 Fast EoC (Ethernet over coax)
o
o
o
320 Mbps in regular mode
Enhanced mode uses bonded channels to provide up to 640 Mbps data
rate for MDU environments
Increase in endpoint support (from 64 to 126 endpoints)
 HPNA standard approved by the Digital Living Network Alliance
(DLNA) for incorporation into the next version of its Networked
Device Interoperability Guidelines.
G.hn
 Next generation ITU standard, ITU G.9960 (physical





layer), G.9961 (data-link layer)
Home network technology that defines networking
over power lines, phone lines and coaxial cables
Mesh network over wire types
Includes media-specific optimizations to ensure that
performance is maximized for each type of media
Data rates up to 1 Gbps
Chipset manufacturers are making chipsets that are
backwards compatible with HomePNA
Whole Home DVR
DVR Technology
DVR’s Swift Growth (U.S. Numbers)
*Actual ^Estimate Source: Magna Insights, 2008
MagnaGlobal issued an update in April 2011 which
forecasted 61.9 million DVR subscriber households by
2016
Digital Video Recorders (DVR)
The Evolution
Single
•
•
•
set top box (STB) with a hard drive
Highest failure rate
Multiple STB w/hard drives in a home
No communications with other STB’s
Whole Home DVR (This is hot stuff)
• 1-STB w/HD in the home
• LAN connected with other non-hard drive STB’s
• Import home videos & photos w/external USB HD’s
Networked DVR – No HD’s in the home, unique copy of content required,
DRM issues
Whole Home DVR-It’s become a Standard
The Marketed Benefits of WHDVR:
•Record & pause, rewind, slowmo, and instant replay live TV
broadcasts
•Record and watch multiple
programs simultaneously
Highest Service Provider Problems:
•Increased cost of STB
•Hard drive failures
Network DVR – This is the Promise,
and feature sets!
Benefits:
 No hard drive failures
 Reduced STB costs and longer life
 Access your content from alternative locations
 Streaming HLS content to multi-screen devices
 More economical for the provider and consumer
 Similar functionality as WH-DVR
Network DVR – The Legal & Technical Issues
Legally the provider must keep a unique copy for every
subscriber recorded program – It’s about DRM
This will result in Terabytes of storage and processing power
Moving Forward with Legal Battles – Cablevision passed the
court test
Comcast announced its intention to proceed with NDVR
evaluations/trials
 Where’s it all going?
DVR from the Cloud
Questions & Answers
Email or call us with additional questions @
Gordon Caverly, RCDD, Email: [email protected]
Benjamin Pidek, P.E., Email: [email protected]
Ph: 810-621-5656
Sources
 Quantenna Communication Whitepaper – Choosing the Best 802.11n
Solutions for all HD Video Home-Networking Needs
 Airmagnet Whitepaper– 802.11n Primer
 Motorola Whitepaper– Home Networking Technologies
 Wi-Fi Alliance Whitepaper – Wi-Fi Certified n: Longer-Range, Faster-
Throughput, Multimedia-Grade Wi-Fi Networks
 Aruba 802.11n Networks Validated Reference Design
 HomePNA Alliance Website (www.homepna.org)
 Paradigm Shifts: Remote Storage DVR From Legal Challenges to
Technical Challenges By Glen Hardin, Time Warner Cable