Transcript Welcome to the - Bangladesh University of Engineering and

WELCOME
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Presented by
Mohammad Ali Khan, ndc
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Joint Secretary, Ministry of Women and Children Affairs
Gender and
Development:
Policies and
Programmes
in Bangladesh
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WID and GAD
Women in Development is (WID) is a
development approach that views women in
isolation from men and does not attempt to
transform the unequal relations between women
and men. Women are viewed as passive
recipients of development assistance rather than
as active participants in decision making process.
The Gender and development (GAD) is an
approach to bring about qualitative and longlasting changes in women’s social status. GAD
focuses on social, economic, political and cultural
forces tat determine how men and women
participate in, benefit from, and control,
resources differently,
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Key International Charters and
Protocols
1945 : UN Charter for principles of equality
between men and women.
1948 : Universal Declaration of Human Rights.
1951 : ILO Convention for equal remuneration for
men and women workers.
1952 : International Convention for the Political
Rights of Women.
1967 : Declaration on the Elimination of All
Forms of Discrimination against Women
1972 : International Women’s Year.
1975 : UNGA Declared 1976-1985 UN Decade for
Women.
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Contd..
1979 : UN Convention on the Elimination of all
forms of Discrimination Against Women
(CEDAW).
1980 : Second World Conference on Women held
in Copenhagen, Denmark.
1985 : Third World Conference on Women in
Nairobi, Kenya.
1995 : Beijing Declaration and Platform for Action
2000 : Beijing Plus Five Political Declaration
and Outcome Document, New York.
2000 : Millennium Declaration Goals.
2005 : Beijing Plus Ten appraisal of Beijing
Platform of Action.
2007: 8 WAMM Communique
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Beijing Platform of Action (BPFA)
The 12 critical areas of concern are given below:
• Women and poverty
• Education and training of women
• Women and health
• Violence against women
• Women and arm conflict
• Women and the economy
• Women in power and decision-making
• Institutional mechanism for the advancement
of women
• Human rights of women
• Women and the media
• Women and the Environment
• The Girl Child
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Ministry of Women and Children Affairs
1. (a) National Policy regarding women;
(b) National Policy regarding children
2. Programme for the welfare and development of
women and children
3. Matters relating to legal and social rights of
women and children.
4. Attending to the problems and affairs relating to
women and children, and communicating and
disseminating relevant information for awareness
building.
5. Programmes for empowerment of women
including their employment opportunities.
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6.
Matters relating to
(a) The National Council for Women’s
Development:
(b) The National Council for Children’s Affairs.
7. Matters relating to(a) The Directorate of Women’s Affairs;
(b) The Jatio Mohila Sangshtha;
(c) Bangladesh Shishu Academy
8. Co-ordination and monitoring of WID activities of
different Ministries through designated WID Focal
Points.
9. Liaison with women’s organization and civil society
to encourage their contribution.
10. Control and registration of all voluntary women’s
organizations.
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11. Matters relating to violence against women and
children
12. Agreements and liaison with international
organizations in the field of gender equality and for
the advancement of women and children.
13. Observance of(a) International Women’s Day on 08 March;
(b) World Children’s Day on 1st Monday of October;
(c) National Children’s Day on 17 March;
(d) Begum Rokeya Dibash on 9 December;
(e) Child Rights Week 29 September to 05 October.
14. (a) Begum Rokeya Padak;
(b) National Awards for Women and Children
15. Co-coordinating all matters relating to children with
other Ministries and Organizations.
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16. Liaison with UNICEF and other concerned
international bodies/foreign agencies dealing
with child development
17. Liaison with international organizations and
matters relating to treaties and agreements
with other countries and world bodies relating
to subjects allotted to this Ministry
18. Inquiries and statistics on any subject allotted to
this Ministry
19. All laws on subjects allotted to this Ministry.
20. Fess in respect of any of the subjects allotted to
this Ministry except fees taken in courts
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National Action Plan for Women
Advancement
Implementation of the Beijing Platform for
action (PFA)
National Action Plan was prepared
-As the focal Ministry MWCA took the initiative to
prepare the National Plan of Action
-It is a National document which outline the
steps to be taken in order to translate the
Beijing Platform for Action into the national
realities.
-The various sectoral Plans were prepare by the
respective Ministries and are own by them
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Policy Commitments For Gender Equality
and Gender Mainstreaming
• International Policy Commitments
• Convention on Elimination of All Forms of
Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW)
• Beijing Platform of Action
• Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
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Policy Commitments For Gender
Equality and Gender Mainstreaming
National Policy Instruments
• Bangladesh Constitution
• National Policy for the Advancement of Women
(1997, 2004)
• National Action Plan (NAP) for Women’s
Advancement
• National Strategy for Accelerated Poverty
Reduction (NSAPR)
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Related Machineries for
implementing National Action Plan
• Women Affairs Division Was created in
1976 and was upgraded as the Ministry of
Women Affairs in 1978. It was renamed as
MWCA in1984
• Implementing Agencies of MWCA:
-The Department of Women Affaires: 64
zilla and all upazila
- Jatiyo Mahila Sangstha (JMS): 64 JMS
District Branch and 48 upazila Branch.
- Bangladesh Shishu Academy: 64 offices
at zilla level.
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The ministry’s role has been expanded to
coordinate and oversee the WID/GAD aspects of
different sectors through following mechanism:
• National Council for Women’s Development
(NCWD) Headed by the Chief Advisor/ Prime
Minister, it is a high powered committee,
established in 1995 consisting of 49 members
from different ministries, public
representatives and government nominated
women;
• The Parliamentary Standing Committee for
MWCA for regular review of activities of MWCA
on behalf of the parliament;
• The inter-ministerial Women’s Development
Monitoring and Evaluation Committee, headed
by the Minister/ Advisor for MWCA to monitor 18
the progress of the NAP and submit progress
Contd….
• The inter-ministerial WID Coordination and
Implementation Committee chaired by Secretary,
Ministry of Women and Children Affairs to
implement NAP;
• WID Focal Points Network Committee
represented by 15 key ministries and chaired by
Joint Secretary (Development and Planning),
Ministry of Women and Children Affairs;
• District and Upazilla level WID Coordination
Committees have been formed in all the districts
and thanes. As a result, the institutional
mechanism has been extended from the NCWD
at the national level down to the Upazilla level.
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What is MDG
In September 2000, at the United Nations
Millennium Summit, world leaders agreed to
a set of time bound eight goals and
eighteen targets for combating poverty,
hunger, illiteracy, disease, discrimination
against women, and environmental
degradation. They are called the Millennium
Development Goals (MDGs).
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The eight MDG goals for 2015
1. Halve extreme poverty and hunger
2. Achieve universal primary education
3. Promote equality between man and women
and empower women
4. Reduce under-5 mortality by two-third
5. Reduce maternal mortality by three-fourths
6. Reverse the spread of communicable
diseases
7. Ensure environmental sustainability
8. Create a global partnership for development,
with targets for aid, trade and debt relief.
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Being a member of global community,
Bangladesh is committed to achieve MDGs
within stipulated timeline 2015. MDGs have
been accommodated into the first Poverty
Reduction Strategy Paper of Bangladesh
‘Unlocking the Potential: National Strategy
for Accelerated Poverty Reduction
(NSAPR)’. Twelve thematic areas of the
NSAPR addressed the MDGs in some form.
MTBF (Mid Term Budgetary Framework)
and ADP (Annual Development Programme)
are tuned with MDGs.
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Medium Term Budget Framework (MTBF)
The main objective of formulating budget
under MTBF is to establish effective
linkage between the budgetary allocation
and government’s policies strategies and
priorities.
At present 16 Ministries including MoWCA
are preparing Annual budgets under the
MTBF approach.
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Ministry’s Budget at a glance
(fig in thousand)
Budget Description
Secretariat
Estimate
07-08
Projection
08-09
Projection
09-10
48,32,05
69,68,84
74,79,40
411,64,27
423,92,60
441,63,00
DWA
66,82,82
120,0027
168,48,15
Fund for Micro Credit
20,00,00
10,00,00
10,00,00
BSA
22,53,57
50,67,76
66,22,85
JMS
16,41,00
25,34,53
27,06,06
4,50,00
6,00,00
7,00,00
37,00
38,00
40,00
217,80,00
224,40,00
250,80.00
17,00
18,00
20,00
17,00,00
22,40,00
27,40,00
VGD Programme
Women voluntary S. Welfare Centre
Children Award
Widow and Divorced Distressed
Women’s Allowances scheme
National Children’s Day
Maternity Allowance for poor mother
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Total
825,57,41
953,00,00
1073,00,00
Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB)
• Gender Responsive Budgeting (GRB) is an
approach aimed at mainstreaming the gender
dimension into all stages of the budget cycle.
• It is about incorporating gender perspective
into the existing national budget
• It addresses the different needs and interests
of women and men as equitably as possible.
• GRB is not about creating a separate budget
for women.
• As a concept it is of recent origin.
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Gender intervention in the NSAPR
• The NSAPR gives top priority to the need for
women’s advancement and gender equality
• The NSAPR document includes extensive
discussion on the gender related dimensions
of poverty.
• NSAPR follows a two –prone approach.
1) gender is integrated into 19 policy matrices
that cover all sector.
2) there is a specific matrix dealing with
gender equality commitments entitled
‘Women’s Advancement and Rights“ (Policy
matrix 16)
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Gender intervention in the NSAPR
• Ensure women’s full participation in
mainstream economic activities
• Eliminate violence against women
• Expand women’s access to public resource
and services
• Contribute to Women’s advancement
through education and training
• Improve women’s efficiency (reducing time
use) in performing their household and
reproductive roles and responsibility;
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Contd..
• Strengthen women’s participation in labor
market and income-generating activities
• Enhance social protection against vulnerability
and risks
• Enhance women’s participation in decision
making at all levels
• Ensure that women’s concerns are presented
in national and international forum
• Enhance women’s political empowerment and
participation in decision making;
• Strengthen institutions for monitoring and
evaluation of gender equality issues;
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Services Provided by the Ministry
• Provide technical, trade-based vocational and
income generating training facilities.
• Increase the hostel facility for the working
women. The ministry has 6 hostels at
present.
• Provide Day Care service in 32 Day care
Centres.
• Micro credit for self-employment of women
• Registration of women social organizations
• Provide allowance to pregnant and lactating
mothers.
• Facilitate
seminars
/
workshops
/
symposiums / trainings to raise awareness
about women rights amongst different levels
of peoples in the society.
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Contd…
• Provide allowance to widows and husband
deserted women,
• Provide safe custody (housing facility) for
women, children and adolescents during
prosecution by the court each year.
• Provide facilities of VGD program to 750,000
beneficiaries every year.
• To provide legal assistance and service to
women every year.
• Establishment of One Stop Crisis Center in
all six Divisional Headquarters for providing
medical, legal and policy assistance to
women victims of violence.
• Establishment of Forensic DNA test
laboratory in Dhaka Medical College and five
screening labs in five divisional cities.
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Achievement of women Development in
Bangladesh
• Free education for girls unto Grade XII.
• Incorporation of Gender issues in all
Government Training Academy.
• Enactment of different laws to combat violence
against women.
• Establishment of Special Courts with Session
Judges or Additional Session Judges at
District level.
• Establishment of One Stop Crisis Center in all
six Divisional Headquarters for providing
medical, legal and police assistance to women
victims of violence.
• Establishment of Forensic DNA test laboratory
in Dhaka Medical College and five screening
labs in five divisional cities.
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Contd..
• Formulation of ' National Plan of Action against
the Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Children
including Trafficking.
• Formulation of Counter Trafficking Framework
Report.
• Increase the women's seats in the National
Parliament to 45 from 30.
• Reserve seats for women in all Municipal and
Local Government bodies.
• Use of both husband and wife's name on the
document of land.
• Provide mother's name as a guardian besides
the father's name in all.
• Provide training to Police, Legal Aid
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enforcement Agency on Human Rights.
Contd..
• Appointment of Judges in the High Court
Division of Supreme Court.
• Provision of four months maternity leave
instead of three months.
Ensure Safe Custody of Women, Children and
Adolescent Girls during the period of their trail
in Court.
• Enactment of Birth and Death registration Act,
2004
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Challenges of women Development in
Bangladesh
• Withdrawal of the remaining reservations to
the CEDAW Convention;
• Strengthening domestic law in compliance
with CEDAW Convention;
• Comprehensive approach to address
violence against women;
• Trafficking in women and girls is still a
challenge for Bangladesh;
• Equality in marriage and family relations;
• Amendment of Citizenship Act;
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Contd..
• Monitoring mechanism to ensure
enforcement of legislation in private sector
employment of women ;
• Women migrant workers right has not still
been established properly;
• Child marriage.
• Raising Awareness Campaign programme.
• Poverty
• Low educational level
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Contd.
• Women's lower economic power in the
society, Socio-cultural restriction and
Tendency to coercively control women.
• Lack of awareness and knowledge about
rights.
• Lack of sensitivity in dealing with cases of
violence against women.
• The women are mostly guided by the
traditional values and believe.
• Women are still concentrated in lowincome employment.
• Lack of gender disaggregated data
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Thank You
Very Much
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