Transcript PNO Investitionsschutz - Read-out Instrumentation Signpost

PROFINET Technology for Factory &
Process Automation
Hassan Kaghazchi, University of Limerick
Two Technologies – One Organization
Introduction
PI (PROFIBUS & PROFINET International)
Motivation
Requirements
Regional
PI
Associations
PI
Competence
Centers
PI
Test
Laboratories
PI
Training
Centers
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
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PI: Worldwide Support
 26 Regional PI Associations (RPA)
Introduction
 36 PI Competence Centers (PICC) in 21 countries
Motivation
 12 PI Training Centers (PITC) in 8 countries
France
RPA, PICC
Italy
RPA, PICC
Sweden
RPA, PICC
Denmark
RPA
Germany
+ Austria
RPA, PICC
PITC, PITL
Ireland
RPA,
PICC, PITC
Netherlands
RPA, PICC,
PITC, PITL
Switzerland
RPA, PICC,
PITC
Norway
RPA, PICC,
PITC
UK
RPA, PICC,
PITC
Czech Rep.
RPA
PICC, PITL
Poland
RPA, PICC
 10 PI Test Laboratories (PITL) for certification tests
Finland
RPA
Diagnostics
Safety
Russia
RPA
Slovakia
RPA
Integration
China
RPA
PICC, PITL
Profiles
Japan
RPA
PICC, PITL
Wireless
Korea
RPA, PICC
America
Conclusion
Middle-East
RPA
Brazil
RPA, PICC
USA
RPA, PICC,
PITC,
PITL
PROFIBUS International
E- EU
Performance
Belgium
RPA, PICC
Asia
Technology
W- EU
Requirements
South-East-Asia
RPA, PICC
Southern Africa
RPA, PICC, PITC
Australia/
New Zealand
RPA Pharmatex 2008
Thailand
PICC
3
PI Membership Growth
Introduction


Motivation

Requirements

Technology

Performance

Diagnostics

Vendors
Distributors
Consultancies
Integrators
End users
Institutes
Training institutes
> 1.400 members
worldwide
total
Safety
Integration
Europe
Profiles
Wireless
Asia
Conclusion
America
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Status: OktoberPROFIBUS
2007 International
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Pharmatex 2008
2006
2007
4
PROFIBUS DP nodes
PROFIBUS
Nodes
Introduction
25 m
25 m
Motivation
Requirements
In 2007:
4.5 m
nodes!
20 m
18.8 m
Technology
Performance
15 m
At the beginning
of 2004, we said:
10 m
Over the next 4 years, we
will double the number of
installed PROFIBUS nodes
to 20 million.
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
5m
Conclusion
1994
1990
PROFIBUS International
2008
1999
2000
2004
Time
2007
Pharmatex 2008
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PROFINET: What is counted?
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
HMI
Controllers
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Decentralized
peripherals
Proxies
Motion Control
& drives
Robots
Sensors
Proxies
Conclusion
Decentralized
peripherals
PROFIBUS International
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Installed PROFINET nodes end 2007
PROFINET
nodes
Introduction
Motivation
4m
Requirements
Technology
3m
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
3m
Integration
Profiles
1.14 m
1m
Wireless
Conclusion
Time
2001
2002
2003 2004
PROFIBUS International
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
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Growth: New ARC reference
PROFINET
nodes
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
4m
According to a study done by the ARC Advisory Group, there will be a 27.5%
annual
3 m increase on the
market for Ethernet-capable devices and I/Os over
the next 5 years.
2m
Integration
Profiles
1.14 m
1m
Wireless
Conclusion
Time
2001
2002
2003 2004
PROFIBUS International
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
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PROFINET nodes: Outlook to 2010
PROFINET
nodes
Introduction
Motivation
4m
Requirements
Technology
3m
3m
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Average annual
increase
of 37%
2m
Integration
Profiles
1.14 m
1m
Wireless
Conclusion
Time
2001
2002
2003 2004
PROFIBUS International
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
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PROFIBUS and PROFINET: A comparison
PROFINET/PROFIBUS
nodes
Introduction
4m
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
3m
Performance
Diagnostics
2m
Safety
Integration
Profiles
1m
Wireless
Conclusion
Time
Year 1
Year 2
Year 3
PROFIBUS International
Year 4
Year 5
Year 6
Year 7
Year 8
Pharmatex 2008
Year 9
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PROFINET – For all corporate functions
ERP
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
MES
Technology
Performance
Control
Level
Diagnostics
Safety
Field
Level
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Seamless from the management to the field level
from planning to production
PROFIBUS International
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PROFINET – The solution for all industries
For all industries and applications
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
For the overall workflow
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
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PROFINET for Scalable Real-time Solutions
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
PROFINET with RT
(Real Time)
PROFINET with IRT
(Isochronous
Real Time)
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Synchronously clocked application
Performance / Cost
Introduction
Planning
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFINET is the only Ethernet solution that uniformly
covers all the requirements of real-time communication
without restricting openness.
PROFIBUS International
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PROFINET - The scalable communication
 The seamless solutions for all applications
Introduction
 From IT, standard TCP/IP, real-time communication,
to Motion Control
Motivation
 Simultaneously on one line
Requirements
Technology
Internet
Motion Control
Automation
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
<100ms
Integration
<1ms
IT services
Profiles
Wireless
<10ms
TCP/IP
IRT
RT
Conclusion
Is real-time Ethernet
PROFIBUS International
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PROFINET – Example application
Line
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
System
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Cell
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Field
Conclusion
INTERBUS
PROFIBUS International
PROFIBUS
PROFINET
Wireless
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PROFINET as Modular Technology
Application
Profiles
• Encoder
• LVSG
• Ident Systems
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
MES
Fieldbus
integration II
•IO-Link
•CANopen
• FF
Motion
Control
Safety
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Process
Automation
Fieldbus
integration I
Decentral
Peripherals
Real-time
Communication
Distributed
Automation
Network
Installation
&
Network
Management
Test +
Certification
•PROFIBUS
•INTERBUS
•DeviceNet
•HART
AS-I
PROFIBUS International
WEB
Integration
Data
Security
Pharmatex 2008
Train
Application
WLAN
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PROFINET Technology
Introduction
= 100 MBit/s Switched Fast Ethernet
Motivation
Requirements
= Unrestricted TCP/IP Communication
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
= Real-Time Communication
Safety
Integration
= WLAN Technology
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
= Failsafe Communication
PROFIBUS International
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PROFINET IO system elements
Introduction
Engineering system
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Software
Motivation
IO supervisor
(STEP7, PC WORX, etc.)
• (Monitor, diagnostics, OPC)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Network configuration
I/O address assignment
Parameter values
Configuration download
Read input/output data
Write parameter data
Accepted by IO controller
Evaluate diagnostics
Diagnostics
Ethernet
Safety
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Devices
Integration
IO controller (PLC, PC, etc.)
IO device (field device)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Network management
Consumer for input data
Provider for output data
Transmit start parameter
Receive alarms
Evaluate diagnostics
PROFIBUS International
Provider for input data
Consumer for output data
Device parameter
Send alarms
Provide diagnostics
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Real Time (RT)
Introduction
Motivation
 Uses standard components (e.g. switches)
or hardware support
 Performance class as good as modern fieldbus systems
(e.g. PROFIBUS)
Requirements
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
 Typical field of application is factory automation
 High performance by minimizing the protocol overhead in
the devices
IT Appli-
 Real-time telegrams
get priority
 Facilitates refresh
times of 1 or 2 ms
for current data
volume
PROFINET Applications
cations
e.g.
 HTTP
 SNMP
 DHCP...
Configuration
Diagnostics
TCP/UDP
IP
Real Time (RT)
Ethernet
PROFIBUS International
User Data
Real Time
Technology
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Isochronous Real Time (IRT) with PROFINET
 If the performance of Real Time (RT) is not sufficient:
Introduction
 Reserves bandwidth for PROFINET IO
Motivation
 Uses synchronously clocked data transfers
Requirements
 Decouples real-time communication from standard
communication (TCP/IP)
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
IRT
Integration
RT
Profiles
RT
RT
TCP/IP
IRT
Reserved for IRT
RT
TCP/IP
RT
RT
RT
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
RT
TCP/IP
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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Mode of Operation of PROFINET with IRT
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
 Reserving bandwidth allocates separate time slots for
real-time communication
 Real-time properties not influenced by TCP/IP or by
broadcast or multicast communications
 High performance even with highly cascaded switches
 Precisely timed data transfer
 Basic technology for synchronously clocked applications
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
IRT
Interval
IRT
Interval
TCP/IP
TCP/IP
IRT
Interval
Cycle 2
= time window
Cycle 1
Integration
TCP/IP
Cycle n
Profiles
e.g. 1 ms position control clocking
Wireless
Conclusion
Isochronous
Communication
TCP/IP
Communication
IO Data
TCP/IP Data
PROFIBUS International
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Motion Control and TCP/IP PROFINET
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
 Maximum performance and flexibility
Wireless
 Motion control with simultaneous image data transfer
Conclusion
 Non-reactive coexistence
 IRT and TCP/IP on a single cable
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PROFINET for Clock-Synchronised Applications (1)
 RT applications are not generally synchronous:
Introduction
 Different asynchronous cycles
Requirements
 Applications, data transfers and field devices each
operate on their own processing cycles
Technology
 Cycle times are very imprecise
Performance
 Jitter is of the order of the cycle times
Motivation
Diagnostics
Communication cycle
Safety
Application cycle
Device cycle
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Controller
Field device
PROFIBUS International
Field device
Drive
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PROFINET for Clock-Synchronised Applications (2)
 Based on clock-synchronized data transfer
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
 Application, data transfers and device cycles
are synchronous
 Cycle times < 1ms with jitter precision < 1µs
 Typical field of application is motion control
Performance
Diagnostics
Communication cycle
Safety
Application cycle
Device cycle
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Controller
Field device
PROFIBUS International
Field device
Drive
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PROFINET for Clock-Synchronized Applications (3)
 Couples the various cycles from terminal to terminal
Introduction
Motivation
 Synchronized clocking improves performance and control and
regulation behavior even for standard PLC applications
Requirements
Technology
PLC CPU
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
T5
T3
T2
T6
T7
Profiles
T1
Wireless
Conclusion
Decentral peripherals
Optimal regulation with short program cycles
PROFIBUS International
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Conventional Engineering
Introduction
Motivation
 Fixed bandwidth reserved for user data IO communication of
conventional engineering
 Devices and switches with standard switching functionality
learn the communication routes automatically
Requirements
Technology
Performance
 Highly flexible when setting up and subsequently modifying
the network
 Short response times even for large data volumes
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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Performance Figures (1)
Performance figures for applications using PROFINET and IRT
Introduction
Motivation
1 msec
500 msec
250 msec
Number of participants*)
272
128
56
Jitter
<1ms
<1ms
<1ms
Reserved for open
communication with
IT standard protocols
50%
50%
50%
Cycle time
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
*) Number of devices each with 40 bytes of input data and 40 bytes of output data on a controller with four ports, taking into account
the limitations of the specific controller as regards IO area, cycle time and number of participants.
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
 PROFINET offers adequate performance reserves for e.g.
 dynamic transmission of cam plate data
 parallel and unrestricted IT communication
 ...
Conclusion
PROFINET’s performance reserves are more than
adequate for the foreseeable future
PROFIBUS International
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Performance Figures (2)
 Achievable positioning precision
Introduction
Sample
application
Movement during a cycle, jitter
Motivation
Cycle time, jitter
Requirements
Technology
250 µsec
125 µsec
10 µsec
1 µsec
100 nsec
125 µm
62.5 µm
5 µm
0.5 µm
50 nm
speed
500 mm/sec
(30 m / min)
Machine Tool
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
 Potential for simultaneously transferred TCP/IP packets
Cycle time
1 msec
1 msec
250 µsec
Jitter
< 1 µsec
< 1 µsec
< 1 µsec
No. of participants
70
150
35
Simultaneously
transferable TCP/IP
data *)
9 MB / sec
6 MB / sec
6 MB / sec
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
*) Standard length of
TCP/IP packets from
64 to 1536 bytes
Max. possible data
transfer rate for fast
Ethernet: 12 MB/sec
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Isochronous Real Time (IRT) with Route Planning
 If the performance is to be optimized even further:
Introduction
 Objective:
x trains should travel from “A” to “B”
in the shortest possible time
Motivation
A
Requirements
 Ancillary
constraints:
Prescribed railroad network,
Time spent standing in stations,
Journey time between stations.
Technology
Performance
B
Diagnostics
 Objective
achieved by planning:
i.e. by optimizing both the route
and the departure times
Safety
Integration
Profiles

Wireless

Scheduling the communications
Specifying transfer times and transfer routes
Conclusion
Optimizing the available bandwidth
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Pharmatex 2008
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Hardware Support for IRT
1 TCP/IP
Introduction
Requirements
Technology
Performance
IT Applications
PROFINET Applications
e.g..
 HTTP
 SNMP
 DHCP...
1 Configuration
Diagnostics
Integration
2
TCP/UDP
Profiles
Wireless
IP
Ethernet
ERTEC

Reading diagnostic data

Negotiating a channel for user data
Real Time RT
Diagnostics
Safety
Device parameterization
and configuration
User Data
Real time
Motivation

2 RT
3 IRT
Real time

High-performance cyclic
user data transfer

Event driven notifications and alarms
Isochronous Real Time IRT
3

Synchronously clocked user data transfers

Hardware support from ERTEC and NetX

Jitter <1μsec
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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IRT in Standard PLC – Why?
Introduction
Motivation
 Uses the same network for process data and standard
Ethernet data (e.g. VoIP) without this affecting the process
data
 Under IRT process data is transferred with its own interval
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
 Machine and plant structure with numerous line-switched
subscribers and short refresh times
 IRT devices guarantee shorter throughput times (30%)
 PLC synchronous initiates drive functions (e.g. positioning)
for a number of motion controllers
 PLC as sync master provides deterministic cyclical
communication for PROFINET with IRT
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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The PROFINET IO device model
Introduction
 A PROFINET device has a modular structure with “slots“
that contain “subslots“.
Motivation
 A “slot/subslot“ can contain a module/submodule
Requirements
 The subslot is the addressable element.
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
 Slot 0 is representative of the device,
 Subslot 0 is representative for the module.
Safety
Integration
PROFINET IO device
Profiles
Virtuelles IO-Device
Wireless
Conclusion
Virtual IO device
PN
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 2
Slot n
Subslot 0
Subslot 0
Subslot 0
Subslot 0
Subslot 1
Subslot 2
Subslot 2
Subslot 2
Subslot n
Subslot n
Subslot n
Subslot n
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Pharmatex 2008
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Comfortable diagnosis with topology upload
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Components identify their neighbors
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Diagnosis with graphic view
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Maintenance information in system
transferred through standard interfaces to
asset management systems
PROFIBUS International
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Integrated diagnostics archive
Introduction
Motivation
PROFINET messages are
stored on the control system.
Diag+ 2.0
View:
Diag Archive
Info
Date/time
System
Requirements
Device name (BMK, ...)
Technology
Priority
Performance
Plain text description
Diagnostics
Message types
Diagnostics alarm appears /
disappears
Safety
Integration
Connection interruption appears /
disappears
Profiles
Wireless
Offline
?
Difference of the target / actual
set-up
Error when establishing the
connection
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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Comfortable diagnostics with topology upload
Introduction
Device status
Motivation
Available / not available
Requirements
Error message is available
Diagnostics alarm
Technology
Maintenance alarm
Performance
Automatic device exchange is possible
Diagnostics
Priority
Safety
Plain text description
Detailed information
Integration
Text output of the error cause
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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PROFIsafe on PROFINET IO
PROFIsafe
on PROFIBUS and PROFINET
PROFINET IO
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
PROFIsafe:
V2 mode
Performance
PROFIBUS DP
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
 Increased performance demands
 No separate safety bus needed
 PROFIsafe on PROFIBUS and PROFINET
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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IRT Real-time Communication and PROFIsafe
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Synchronization
Domain
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIsafe can also be used with IRT
without any restrictions
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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Status and prospects – Fieldbus integration
Introduction
PROFINET
Specifications
FieldbusIntegration
Basics
FieldbusIntegration
Specific
Motivation
FieldbusIntegration
Devices
INTERBUS
Requirements
PROFIBUS
Technology
Existing
Performance
AS-interface
Diagnostics
IO LINK
Safety
HART
Integration
Profiles
Fieldbus Foundation (FF)
Wireless
Draft
Conclusion
DeviceNet
PROFIBUS International
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Objective target of the fieldbus integration
 Develop migration concepts to ....
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
... ensure investment and know-how protection,
… seamless engineering,
Technology
... integrate devices without PROFINET connection,
Performance
... add currently missing functions,
Diagnostics
... reduce connection costs to fieldbus level.
Safety
Integration
... open up special application areas.
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
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Requirements to the fieldbus integration
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
 The fieldbus and device configuration is
effected in the engineering system of the
control system.
 In the control system, fieldbus devices can be
individually addressed.
 Diagnostics messages from fieldbus and device
errors can be precisely resolved.
 PROFINET offers worldwide remote access
with web services for diagnostics and
maintenance.
 Everything on one cable allows for horizontal
and vertical integration.
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PROFINET has the largest installed base
Introduction
 Integration of fieldbus systems into PROFINET via proxies
 without changing the existing field devices
 transparently, without the need for programming
Motivation
 Protection of investment
for device manufacturers and system operators
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
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The proxy concept – Key to integration
Engineering
system
Introduction
Motivation
PROFINET
Requirements
Technology
Proxy 1
SPS
IO
Proxy 2
Fieldbus 1
Performance
Fieldbus 2
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
 The proxy is a representative for fieldbus
systems to Ethernet.
 It is an IO device in PROFINET and master for
the fieldbus.
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Fieldbus integration in PROFINET – Scenarios
PROFINET
Introduction
P Proxy
Motivation
Modular illustration
Fieldbus
Requirements
Physical device
Technology
P
D Device
Performance
D
Diagnostics
D
Safety
Compact illustration
Physical device
Integration
Profiles
Transparent illustration
P
Physical device
P
D
D
Wireless
Conclusion
Logic
device 1
Logic
device 2
Logic
device 3
All fieldbus devices are
one module in the
proxy
PROFIBUS International
Logic
device 1
Logic
device 2
Logic
device 3
Logic
device 1
Logic
device 2
Logic
device 3
Every fieldbus device
is a module in the
proxy
Every fieldbus
module is a
submodule in the
proxy
Every fieldbus device is a
“virtual“ PROFINET device
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Fulfillment degree of the requirements
Introduction
Transparent
Modular
Compact
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration in the
engineering system


O
Fieldbus devices can
be individually
addressed


O


O
O


Precise diagnostics
Integration
Profiles
Low updating times
Wireless
Conclusion
Selection of the modular integration concept for
fieldbuses
PROFIBUS International
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Operation
Introduction
Motivation
IO controller
IO controller
configuration tool
Requirements
Technology
Performance
PROFINET
PROFINET device
description
(GSDML)
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
PROXY
module
Wireless
Conclusion
Fieldbus
Profiles
PROFIBUS International
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Profiles and their effective application
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
 The PROFIBUS profiles will be completed by a mapping
for PROFINET.
User benefits
Manufacturer benefits
Application of international
and worldwide common
standards
Only one test tool for device
development and certification preparation needed
Accepted by user
associations, e.g. NAMUR
and OMAC
Support by
PI Competence Centers
Interoperability between
devices from different
manufacturers
Certification test by
accredited PI Test Labs
Wireless
Conclusion
 Examples for this are PROFIdrive or PROFIsafe
for PROFIBUS and PROFINET
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PROFINET - wireless
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
IEEE 802.11 (WLAN)
 Cyclic data traffic
 Monitoring of the wireless connection
 Redundant wireless operation
on two separate frequency bands for
increased availability
Conclusion
IEEE 802.15.2 (Bluetooth)
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
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PROFINET WLAN Technology
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
Industrial WLAN IEEE 802.11
 Cyclical data traffic
 Monitoring of the radio link
 Redundant radio operation on two separate
frequency bands for increased availability
 PROFIsafe via WLAN
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PROFINET
Introduction
The comprehensive solution
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
 Integration
 Safety
 Diagnostics
 Performance
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
Pharmatex 2008
51
Ethernet for automation = PROFINET
Introduction
Motivation
Requirements
Technology
Performance
Diagnostics
Safety
Integration
Profiles
Wireless
Conclusion
PROFIBUS International
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