Transcript ASTA Lund - from local health effects to global climate

Projects
on Aerosol-Climate
Interactions
Erik Swietlicki
PhD students:
Erik Nilsson, Jakob Löndahl,
Pontus Roldin
Div. of Nuclear Physics, Lund University,
P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
4th Assessment Report 2007
Har vi en mycket större
klimatkänslighet för en fördubbling
av CO2-halten än vad vi hittills
observerat?
Uncertainty
“Global Dimming” and Future Climate Change
Hög klimatkänslighet
Låg klimatkänslighet
Andreae et al. (Nature, 2005)
EUCAARI
European Integrated Project on
Aerosol - Climate - Air Quality
Interactions
An EU Integrated Project
48 European Partners
Funding (2007-2010): 231 kEUR (Lund)
European Super-sites for Atmospheric Aerosol
Research
An EU-Infrastructure Project
21 European Partners
Funding (2006-2011): 179 kEUR (Lund)
“ACCI”
Aerosol – Cloud – Climate Interactions
Additional Partner: Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Prof. Daniel Rosenfeld
Funding (2008-2010): 3.4 MSEK
“Dyr utrustning”
Equipment for research on aerosols and their effects on
climate and human health
Aerodyne HR-ToF-MS Aerosol Mass Spectrometer
2x DMT Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counters
Partners: CAST
Funding (2007-2008): 4.5 MSEK
“HTDMA equipment”
Funding (2007, Crafoord): 0.3 MSEK
SCARP
Swedish Clean Air Research Program
(Start 2007, Naturvårdsverket)
PI: Kristina Stenström
Funding (2007-2008): 0.6 MSEK
Miljöövervakningen
(1999-, Naturvårdsverket)
ASCOS
Arctic Summer Cloud-Ocean Study
IPY Approved
(2007-2008, Nordic Council of Ministers)
NMR Funding (2007-2008): 0.9 MDKK
Additional NMR Partners: MISU, Stockholm; FMI, Helsinki, KIKU, Copenhagen
Other ASCOS Partners: ETHZ Switzerland, Leeds UK, NCAR USA...
(www.misu.su.se/~michaelt/ASCOS/ASCOS.html)
Arctic Summer Cloud-Ocean Study 2008
The main goal of ASCOS is
to gain a better understanding of important climate
processes in the Arctic, to improve future climate
models with a particular emphasis on the
summertime clouds.
EUCAARI
European Integrated Project on
Aerosol - Climate - Air Quality
Interactions
Start: 1 Jan 2007 (4 years)
48 European Partners from 25 countries:
Coordination: University of Helsinki, Finnish Meteorological Institute
Objectives:
1) Reduction of the current uncertainty of the impact of aerosol particles on
climate by 50% and quantification of the relationship between anthropogenic
aerosol particles and regional air quality.
2) Quantification of the side effects of European air quality directives on
global and regional climate, and provide tools for future quantifications for
different stakeholders.
European Super-sites for Atmospheric Aerosol
Research
An EU-Infrastructure Project
21 European Partners
Objectives
1: Ensure measurements and
QA/QC of aerosol chemical,
optical and physical
properties
2: Ensure dissemination of data
and capacity building
3: Develop future tools for
aerosol monitoring and
dissemination of
information
4: Ensure trans-national access
of research infrastructures
EUCAARI and
EUSAAR sites
Amazonia SMPS system (Lund)
•Own design, manufacture and
calibration
•Medium-long DMA
(Vienna-type, own manufacture)
•Particle counter: TSI CPC 3760A
•10-551 nm
•Closed-loop
(driers and filters in loop)
•Scanning mode
(up and downscan, Labview software)
•CPC desmearing to improve time
resolution
•Time resolution: 3 min
•RH and T sensors for data QA
•Measurements started April 2005
”Lund” Background Site – Vavihill
Vavihill
Lund
The Vavihill site
Regional background – Southern Sweden
•Twin-DMPS (3-900 nm)
Vavihill – Aerosol Instrumentation
Size distribution
• AIS (0.5 – 30 nm) INES
• DMPS (3- 850 nm)
• APS (0.8 – 10 m)
Cloud-related properties
• HTDMA
• CCN counter
Aerosol ”chemistry”
• PM2.5/PM10 (TEOM-FDMS)
• OC/EC (denuder - quartz filter – sorbent; DRI Carbon Analyzer)
• Fossil/modern carbon (14C; SS-AMS)
• Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer
• PIXE (Source apportionment)
Optical properties
• Nephelometer (Ecotech, 3-wavelength)
• PSAP soot photometer
Dry Size Distributions
DMPS
Size-Resolved Chemistry
AMS
Hygroscopic Growth
Model
CCN Prediction
Model
CCN Properties
CCNC
Hygroscopic Properties
HTDMA
EUSAAR NA3, JRA2
Aerosol measurements
EUCAARI WP2.1
(Aerosol transformation
EUCAARI WP5.2
FLEXPART
Effective Supersaturation
Model Estimate
Cloud Parcel
Model
Cloud Microphysical Properties
Satellite Retrieval
Indirect Radiative Forcing
Model Estimate
EUCAARI WP2.4
Source Apportionment
EUCAARI WP3.3
Parameterizations
EUCAARI WP3.4
European CTM
EUCAARI WP3.4
Aerosol Forcing
Satellite Retrievals of Cloud Microphysics
Polluted Air Mass
a)
Clean Air Mass
b)
Aqua/Modis Images
a) May 5th, 2004, 11:40 UTC and b) August 22nd, 2004, 11:35 UTC.
Clouds with smaller re appear to be greener.
Red: Visible reflectance
Green: 3.7 µm reflectance
Blue: 10.8 µm brightness temperature.
Freud et al, Tellus, In Press (2008)
Satellite Retrievals of Cloud Microphysics
The relation between the temperature at which the profile of the
30th percentile effective radius crosses 14 µm (T14 – left
vertical axis) and a) PM0.5 measured at Aspvreten (red) or
Vavihill (green)
Polluted Air Masses
Clean
Air Masses
Freud et al, Tellus, In Press (2008)