Transcript Scholarly Communication Issues

Scholarly Communication and Collection
Development Librarians: Getting the
Conversation Started
Karen Fischer
The University of Iowa Libraries
November 6, 2008
Agenda
 Foundations
 Areas of Expertise
 Methods of Education/Training
 Challenges Ahead & Next Steps
 Questions/Discussion
Defining Scholarly Communication
 Scholarly Communication means the formal and informal
processes through which research results and other scholarly work
are evaluated, disseminated to other researchers and scholars,
students, policy makers and the public.
Publisher
Faculty
=
Libraries
Users
Stages : the Road to a Scholarly
Communication Program
 Awareness
 Understanding
 Ownership
 Activism
 Transformation
Ogburn, Joyce. Defining and Achieving Success in the Movement to
Change Scholarly Communication. Library Resources & Technical
Services, April 2008.
Scholars must be the new face of the effort to
change the scholarly communication system
and focus on how the present system
restricts access to their research.
Stemper and Williams, Scholarly communication: Turning crisis into
opportunity, C&RL News, December 2006, Vol. 67, No. 11
What Matters To Scholars?
What matters to Researchers and Scholars?
 Accessibility
 Cost
 Rights
 Quality
JISC, Executive Summary, Key ConcernsWithin the Scholarly
Communication Process, Mar 2008
Why Scholars Publish
 To make an impact / have an effect on their field
 To build a reputation
 To engage with other scholars
 To fulfill institutional expectations (get tenure,
promotion, etc.)
 Professional advancement (another position,
grants)
 To make money, become famous
Areas of Expertise
 Author rights/Copyright
 Economics of publishing
 Alternative publishing
 Repositories
Author Rights/Copyright
What are Author Rights?
 Automatic © for original work
 Copyright - bundle of rights
 (1) to reproduce the work; (2) to prepare derivative
works; (3) to distribute copies ; (4) to perform
publicly; (5) and to display publicly;
 Faculty, graduate students and researchers own ©
to their journal articles and books, unless the sign
away their rights
Author Rights
Why retaining rights is important
What rights to retain
How to retain rights
How to Retain Rights
 An author can negotiate rights transfer with the
publisher
 Edit the publishing agreement
 Apply an Author’s Addendum
 Creative Commons
 Check Publishers’ self-archiving policies
[SHERPA/RoMEO]
Economics of Publishing
Volume of information
Prices
Bundling/aggregating content
Mergers/acquisitions
Serial Expenditures in ARL libraries and the CPI, 1986-2006
325.0%
Serials Expenditures
275.0%
% Change Since 1986
225.0%
175.0%
Consumer Price Index
Serials Purchased
Serials Expenditures
125.0%
Consumer Price Index
75.0%
Serials Purchased
25.0%
-25.0%
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
Sticker Shock
 $21,582.26
-Journal of Comparative
Neurology
-Mitsubishi Galant
 $1,300,000
-Elsevier Science Direct annual
cost
-5 bedroom, 5 bathroom mansion
in Dallas TX
E-Journal Expenditures by Publisher - 2008
Nature
2%
Univ Presses
3%
IEEE
Sage 3%
3%
Elsevier
30%
Taylor & Francis
7%
Other
10%
Springer
12%
Wiley/Blackwell
16%
Society Pubs
14%
Alternative Publishing
Open Access
Hybrid models
Libraries as Publishers
Digital Repositories
Digital Repositories
 Purpose of repositories:
 To create a place for author self-archiving
 To archive non-standard scholarly products
 To collect, disseminate, and provide
persistent and reliable access to scholarship
 To support new uses of digital media for
scholarship
Digital Repositories
 Challenges – Institutional Repositories
 Engaging faculty and students in IR content
submission
 Complicated publisher policies on what can be
deposited
 Copyright issues
 Faculty reservations about trends in open access
 Faculty from different disciplines perceive and value
IR services differently.
Digital Repositories
“Perhaps most important to the viability of IRs,
however, were the faculty who found that the IR
could solve a particular information problem they
faced in the everyday practice of scholarship.“
Palmer, Carole L., et al. Identifying Factors of Success in CIC Institutional
Repository Development - Final Report - AUG 2008
Methods of Training
 Attend the ARL/ACRL Institute on
Scholarly Communication
 Create a public website on scholarly
communication
Methods of Training
 Develop a Departmental Assessment Instrument
 An information seeking exercise
 Helps selectors get to know their department
in depth
 Opens the door to discussions with faculty
 Can help identify materials for institutional
repository
Methods of Training
 Develop “talking points” and “slide banks”
 Present forums or workshops to library staff
such as:
 Author rights/Copyright
 NIH Public Access Policy
 Institutional repositories
 Bring in an outside expert to talk to staff
Methods of Training
 Develop brochures on:
 Copyright
 NIH Public Access Policy Overview
 Showcasing your website or services related
to scholarly communication
Methods of Training
 Publish a newsletter or blog on scholarly
communication topics
 Transitions & Hardin Scholarly Communication
News
 Sources of news:
 LJ Academic Newswire
 Peter Suber’s Open Access News
 Scholarly Communications @ Duke
 Other blogs: UIUC Libraries, MIT, Scholarly Kitchen (SSP)
 Chronicle of Higher Education
Challenges Ahead and Next Steps
 Area of OA and Alternative Publishing is evolving
 Scholars remain uninformed about many of the
issues regarding scholarly communication.
 Getting a broad group to become engaged
dialogue
 One-on-one discussions with faculty are the most
effective
Questions/Discussion
Karen Fischer
University of Iowa Libraries
[email protected]
319-335-8781