Transcript Tactical Games Model

Tactical Games
KIN 303 – INVASION GAMES
Q&…
 You are planning a 7th grade basketball unit, what
will be the lesson focus for each day? Be sure to
include days for game play.
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Take Away
 PE promotes lifetime physical activity by exposing
students to new activities, making it fun, AND
promoting skill development
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Skill development means more than simple discrete skills.
Think about the game of basketball, if you can pass, dribble
and shoot, will you be effective? No, playing the real games
involves discrete skills, combinations of skills (drive and shoot,
rebound and put back, box out and pass) and tactics (zone
defense, pick and roll, double teams)
Units that only teaching discrete skills followed by a complex
game (3 v 3) set students up for failure.
Globally What is Tactical Games
 One of several instructional models in PE that
specify generally how lessons are conducted and
revolving around what content
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Others include 1) movement exploration/movement ed (grades
K-2; space, directions, forces), 2) skill themes (grades 3-4,
dribble, pass, defense), 3) sport ed (middle and high school, PE
like sport seasons), 4) fitness (several grades), 5) adventure
(several grades), 6) elective (middle and high school) 7) multiactivity (middle and high school)
Q&A
 What are the stages of a tactical games lesson
Tactical Games In a Nutshell
 “As a middle school student once said, ‘So we play a
game, figure out what we need to do, practice it, then
play again to see if we can do it. Right?’”
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EXACTLY
 Sequence in a nutshell
 Game (may be the warm up as well)
 Tactical awareness
 Practice
 Game
Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson
Warm-up (optional)
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When is Optional: The introductory activity can serve as the warmup if it is at a low to moderate pace where the chance of injury is
low.
When is Required: If the introductory activity is intense (i.e.
sprinting, quick changes of direction), you must conduct a warmup. It prepares the body and reduces the chance of injury:
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You may do nearly anything except static stretching.
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When is the best time to stretch?
Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson #1
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Introductory activity designed to highlight the need for
students to work on a desired skill or tactic. Should be
game-like incorporating elements of fun and often
appropriate competition
Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson #2
Tactical Awareness Discussion
(anticipatory set in lesson template) Teacher uses questioning so that
students identify the need to practice
the day’s lesson topic.
Tactical questioning is a challenging skill,
it develops over time much like debriefing
in adventure activities
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Types of questions:
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Tactical awareness – what do you…
Skill and movement – how do you…
Time – when is the best time to…
Space – where is/can…
Risk – which choice
Qs
Example Tactical Awareness Qing
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Tell me about how you were able to move the ball up the field.
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Leading students towards passing lanes and open space
What did you find most challenging about that activity?
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I agree, several of you had difficulty controlling an approaching
soccer ball, particularly a bouncy one. That’s what we’ll be
working on today.
 Remember to not tell students what they are
working on that day, ask them questions to
get them to recognize the need for what you
are teaching.
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That’s why it’s called tactical AWARENESS
A common mistake is after the warm up telling students the
lesson focus and why. That totally defeats the whole purpose
of the tactical approach.
Sequence of Steps in a Tactical Lesson #3 & 4
3. Practice
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Combination of drills and activities where students practice the skill or
tactic. Teacher prepares lesson ahead of time and guides tactical
awareness discussion towards the desired tactic (much more common)
4. Game - Fun game-form that reinforces the lesson topic.
Must be more game-like than the practice segment. Can
sometimes be the introductory activity again but in this
course you must select something different.
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Closure
Common Tactical Problems
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SCORING
Maintaining possession
 Attacking the goal
 Creating space in attack
 Using space in attack
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PREVENTING SCORING
Defending space
 Defending the goal
 Winning he ball
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RESTARTING PLAY
Draw or Face off
 Free position
 Off-side/ out of bounds
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Game Forms
 When I say the word game, what does that mean?
 Activity that involve aspects of a regulation game but not its
entirety. Should relate to the lesson’s topic, be fun, be
motivating and conform to other aspects of good PE.
 Example from ultimate – 3 on 1 restricted area game with
ONLY forehand throws (scorer becomes defense or person
who makes error)
 Dribble knockout – dribbling a basketball in a confined area
trying to knock other balls out while protecting yours
 Often I will say game but really mean game form
Advantages of Tactical Games
 Tactical Transfer – applying similar tactical
problems across several games
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Learning the give and go in one activity can be applied in
several other invasion activities therefore allowing you to
teach new information in the next unit
Tactical transfer is the reason it’s good to sequence related
activities (racket, invasion, etc)…one improves the other!
What are some other examples of tactical transfer?
Why Else Should You Use Tactical Games?
 Interest & excitement
 Learning through games not about games, less about drills
than the games themselves
 Reduces questions like: “When can we play the game?”
and “Why are we doing this”
 Knowledge as empowerment
 Students learn the context of the skills b/c they are learning
them in a real but modified setting
Why Else Should You Use Tactical Games?
 Aligns well with the stages of game play
 Basic skills
 Combinations of skills
 Strategy
 Small sided games
 Full game (mostly not necessary!)
 Best sequence for a successful unit
Organizing Tactical Units
Q&A
 Many of you will find that students are not getting
more skillful, why is this so?
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Wait 49 weeks to teach the same activity
Beware curriculums that are a “mile wide and an inch deep”
 There are many activities that can be taught in PE, pick your
battles
 Possible MS & HS activities
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No assessment so why bother to become skillful
Teach only discrete skills
Teaching for Depth
 Skills – difficulty level (basic, intermediate,
advanced)
 Combinations of skills
 Tactics (basic, intermediate, advanced)
 “Depth Chart” of tactical lesson topics for
basketball, football, lacrosse, field hockey,
ultimate and soccer
Teaching for Depth
 Don’t think of basketball as six lessons and each
year, you bring out the same six lessons. There are
roughly 20-30 different lesson topics.
 Lesson 1
Grade 5
Grade 6
Grade 7
Grade 8
 Lesson 25
Teaching for Depth
 Teach an activity, especially invasion topics b/c they
are so complex, at least twice a year
 Review between each incarnation and then start new
material
 Gradually work your way through the tactical lesson
topics (example from lacrosse)
Q&A
 What do you like about the tactical game approach
and why?
 What do you dislike?
 Why isn’t it more popular then?
Defining Invasion Games
THOSE ACTIVITIES IN WHICH THE GOAL IS
TO INVADE THE OPPONENTS TERRITORY IN
ORDER TO SCORE
Most complex of the four game classifications
http://www.playsport.net/en/instructionalvideos.cfm
Games Classification System
 Invasion
 Handball
 Basketball
 Soccer
 Field/Ice Hockey
 Lacrosse
 Rugby
 Football
 Ultimate
 Net/Wall
 Badminton
 Tennis
 Pickle Ball
 Volleyball
 Paddleball
 Squash/racketball
 Table tennis
Games Classification System
 Field/Run Score
 Softball
 Baseball
 Cricket
 Kickball
 Target
 Golf
 Croquet
 Bowling
 Billiards
 Darts
 Horseshoes
 Archery
Offensive Roles
 Offensive Roles
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Depth + Width + Penetration + Mobility + Creativity
 Role # 1 – the person with the ball
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Penetrate
Pass
Shoot
 Role # 2 – this person is one pass away
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Distance to support
Movement to support
Angle to support
 Role # 3 – this person is two or more passes away
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Create space
Spatial awareness
Communication