Rural Life Changes Chapter 5, Lesson 1
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Transcript Rural Life Changes Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Rural Life Changes
Chapter 5, Lesson 1
Mr. Julian’s 5th Grade class
Essential Question
How
did new machines
and technologies affect
the lives of people
living in rural areas?
Places
Walnut Grove, Virginia
Ahwahnee Valley, California
Appleton, Wisconsin
People
Cyrus McCormick
L.O. Colvin
Gustav de Laval
Ellen Eglui
Aaron Montgomery Ward
Richard Sears
Alvah C. Roebuck
Vocabulary
Manual labor
Mechanization
Reaper
Threshing machine
Mechanization on the Farm
Farming in the early 1800’s was difficult.
Manual labor, or doing a job by hand,
without the help of machines, was the
only way tasks were completed on the
farm.
Mechanization, or doing work using
machines, dramatically changed
farming.
Mechanization on the Farm
In 1834 Cyrus McCormick perfected the
mechanical reaper, a machine that cuts
grain.
Steam engines were used to run
threshing machines that separated the
grain from the plant stalks.
In 1862 L.O. Colvin developed the first
milking machine.
Mechanization on the Farm
The cream separator invented by
Gustav de Laval cut down the time to
separate cream just minutes.
As farms increased in size, farmers
could sow fields with crops to sell.
These were called “cash crops” because
farmers grew them to make money.
Industry’s Impact
Factories were producing many
products like Ellen Eglui’s wringer
machine.
Farmers and people living in rural areas
did not have the ability to buy some of
these products, as most of their
materials were still made by hand.
Aaron Montgomery Ward started a mail
order establishment which helped
people that did not live near cities to
get the same goods.
Industry’s Impact
In 1893 Richard Sears and Alvah C.
Roebuck formed a mail order company
that grew bigger than all other mail
order companies.
They promised that their prices were
the cheapest and would deliver any
product you requested.
Getting Connected
Telephones connected people from
around the country.
A factory owner could call a supplier
with a request without having to travel.
Emergencies were also less frightening
as you could call a doctor or the police.
Telephone rate were very expensive
and some rural had no phones at all.
Getting Connected
When Alexander Graham Bell’s patent
expired in 1893 small telephone
companies began to form in rural areas.
One of the fist rural areas to get phone
service was Ahwahee Valley, California.
Electrifying the
Countryside
People knew of electric power for many
years.
The first battery was made in 1880.
The first electric motor was made in
1821.
The problem was making enough power
stations to deliver the electricity.
The first power station opened in San
Francisco in 1879.
Electrifying the
Countryside
The first hydroelectric plant opened in
1882 in Appleton, Wisconsin.
The power plant in Appleton helped run
the paper mill and electric streetcars.
Farmers, however still would not get
power for many years to come.
In 1936, the rural Electrification Act gave
money to help create power stations that
would give electricity to rural areas.
Timeline
1834 - Cyrus McCormick invented the
mechanical reaper
1879 - First electric power station
opened in San Francisco
1893 - New telephone companies
formed when Bell’s patent expired.
Review Questions
How did advances in mechanization
affect farmers in the late 1800’s?
How did the growth of the industry
make it easier for farmers to get goods?