Transcript Pollution Emission Register

The IPPC Directive and EPER
Iksan van der Putte
Objectives of IPPC (Integrated
Pollution Prevention and Control)
• To prevent or minimise emissions
• To provide a high level of environmental
protection for the environment as a
whole
• To minimise the consumption of raw
material and energy
• To simplify and strengthen the role of the
Control Authorities
The IPPC Licensing System
• controls
–
–
–
–
–
Effluent discharge
Emissions to air
Waste management
Noise
Related activities
• from Specified Activities
• with
IPPC free interpretation !
• IPPC: Integrated stand for Individual balance of
cost and benefit. All aspect in one permit.
• IPPC: Pollution is all that may be harmful to
human health and to the quality of the
environment. Include Energy consumption and
waste production => BAT shall be use to prevent
Pollution but also to conservation of energy and
waste minimization
• IPPC: Prevention comes before control (can take
more time)
integrated approach
Prevention of Accident
Air
Noise
Energy efficiency
Waste
Generation
Water
Raw materials
Land/
soil
integrated approach
… and restoration of the site upon closure.
Best Available Techniques
(BAT) means...
Best
= Most effective and advanced
Available
= Commercially available
and demonstrated
Techniques = Technology and operating
practices/management
to reduce impact on the environment as a whole
ESTABLISHING Best
Available Techniques (BAT)
• The ‘competent body’ / environmental regulator in
Member States
•
i.e. determined for specific installations
according sector and local issues
•
you will get different BATs in different places and
different countries
• there is no ‘single’ BAT for a certain type of
industrial activity
Issues considered in
identifying BAT
(a balanced judgment)
Costs and
benefits of
measure
Identification of
BAT
Achievable emissions
BREF’s
Environmental impacts
– air, land, water
Installation
time
Technical
reliability
Energy use
Use of BAT in IPPC
IPPC Permit
Emission limit value
& other conditions
EQS
Other issues:
Level of control
achievable by BAT
- local environment
- geographic location
- technical characteristics
IPPC Licensing applies
to these sectors
•
•
•
•
•
•
Energy Industries
Production and Processing of Metals
Mineral Industry
Chemical Production
Waste Management
Other Activities (but excluding Nuclear)
The Directive lists the activities covered by IPPC under
6 main headings and 31 sub-categories (Annex I)
Total 56 industrial activities
“Other Activities” includes...
• Pulp, Paper, Timber
• Dyeing of Textiles
• Tanneries
• Slaughterhouses
• Food Processing
• Milk processing
• Disposal of dead
Animals
• Intensive rearing of
Poultry and Pigs
• Use of Solvents for
surface treatment
• Manufacture of Carbon
Does IPPC apply to all sizes of
enterprise?
Some categories include activities of all sizes
e.g. Manufacture of Fertilisers
Other categories have specified thresholds
e.g. Slaughterhouses with a throughput
exceeding 50 t/d
What is a PER?
An integrated database with emission data
or pollutant releases associated from
identified facilities which is accessible to
the public
EPER: European Pollutant Emission
Register
IPPC Directive - Article15 (3)
Article 15 (3) states:“An inventory of the principal emissions and sources
responsible shall be published every three years by the
Commission on the basis of the data supplied by the
Member States. …………………….”
PER - Commission Decision
Commission Decision 2000/479/EC detailed the measures
Member States must take to implement Article 15 (3) of the
IPPC Directive.
Requirements
The Decision requires Member States to supply data
about IPPC facilities (every 3 years) under the
following headings:
• Releases
• Time
• Pollutants (above a threshold)
• Sources
• Locations
Releases
The report must include the direct releases to air and
water as well as the indirect release by transfer to an
off-site wastewater treatment plant;
Releases to land or groundwater, transfers of waste and
on-site transfers are not included..
Time
The release year will make it possible to follow
trends and analyse emission reductions as a result
of the achievement of industrial sectors;
The EPER has started in 2003 with a reporting
frequency of 3 years.
Pollutants
The emission data must be reported for a list of 50
pollutants (chemicals or groups of chemicals), of which
37 substances for air and 26 for water,
Waste is excluded from the reporting obligations.
Sources
The emissions of about 20,000 individual facilities
covered by the IPPC Directive must be reported together
with an identification code of the industrial sector, so
that the data can be aggregated and compared for both
sectors and countries.
Locations
The site of the facility must be identified geographically,
so the data can be used for modeling and calculations of
the concentrations in ambient air
Objectives
There are several objectives of a PER. Some the key ones
being:
• provides data to aid governments in developing
environmental policy;
• it is a public instrument for governments to
monitor environmental policies;
• a tool to enhance public awareness of
environmental pollution.
Benefits
A PER can have several benefits:
• harmonises reporting requirements and
avoids duplicate reporting by industry;
• provides additional information to prioritise
enforcement of permit compliance;
•it enables facilities to compare their
performance with similar facilities.
EU Goals
The goals of the EPER (from the Commissions
point of view) are related to different groups of
users:
•Government
•Public
•Industry
Selected Pollutants
The selection criteria for putting substances into Annex 3
(of the Decision) were based on the environmental
significance of the pollutants and are as follows:
• considering the Annex III list of the Directive
and making a differentiation between air &
water;
•pollutants for which international reporting
requirements already exist;
•having both individual chemicals and groups;
•including pollutants for both air and water.
Quality
Quality Assurance: responsibility of Government & Reporting
Industries;
Quality Control: responsibility of Government.
Quality of reported data is the accumulated result of
the following aspects:
• Timeliness;
• Completeness;
• Uncertainty;
• Comparability;
•Consistency; and
•Transparency.
Determination Methodologies
The EPER database indicates for each data set what
methodology was used to determine the emission
data. These are:
M
=
measured using standardised or accepted
methods;
C
=
based on nationally or internationally
accepted estimation methods;
E
=
based on non-standardised estimations or
expert guesses
Timetable
The timetable for the EPER, originally, was as
follows:
• first reporting by Member States June 2003;
• second reporting by member states June 2006;
• after review a decision should be taken as to
whether to move to annual reporting;
• from 2008 the Member States will be encouraged
to report the annual data in December rather than
June of the following year.
The “Future” of EPER
After each reporting cycle the whole aspect of the EPER
is to be reviewed. Possible changes (currently being
accomplished) include:
• the reporting frequency may change;
• the contents of the list of pollutants and the thresholds
may change;
• the facilities that have to report may be expanded
beyond those covered by IPPC
• expansion of the scope of the EPER into a fully
integrated PRTR
PER: Responsibilities
There are 3 bodies with differing responsibilities
associated with the functioning of the EPER:
• Industry (IPPC Processes);
• Government;
• The Commission (& the EEA).
Industry Functions
• Identify those substances which are in Annex 3 of
the Decision which the plant emits above the
thresholds in that Annex;
• Calculate the amount (kgs/year) released;
• Report to the to the competent authority in a
timely manner.
Government Functions
• Identification of facilities with Annex I Activities;
• Identification of Source Categories & NOSE-P
Codes;
• Collection of Data;
• Validation of Data (Quality Control);
• Submission of data to the Commission
Commission Functions
• Receipt of data;
• Consistency checking;
• Compilation of data;
• Dissemination of data;
• Issuing of Guidance;
• Review of methodology.
Examples of Situations with
Various Sites, Facilities and
Activities
Example 1
Facility Q, Operator Q
Surface Treatment of Metals &
Plastics
NOSE-P 105.01
Main IPPC Activity
R.3
R.4
Combustion Process >50MW
NOSE-P 101.02
IPPC Activity
Other Installations
Non IPPC Activities
Facility Q, Operator Q
Surface Treatment of Metals &
Plastics
NOSE-P 105.01
Main IPPC Activity
R.1
Metal Industry
NOSE-P 105.12
IPPC Activity
On-site
WWTP A
Non-IPPC Activity
R.5
R.6
R.2
SURFACE WATER
Releases to Water
Reporting
Unit
Facility P
NOSE_P
Surface treatment
of Metals and
Plastics
Surface treatment
of Metals and
Plastics
Facility Q Surface treatment
of Metals and
Plastics
Other
Installations
On-site WWTP B
Metal Industry
Release
Reporting Requirements
R.1
Reported as indirect release to
water
R.2
Reported as direct release to
water
R.3
Not to be reported
R.4
Not to be reported
R.5
R.6
Sum of R.5 & R.6 to be reported
as direct release to water
Comments
Non IPPC activities
are allowed to be
excluded
Releases to Air
Reporting
Unit
Facility P
NOSE_P
Release
Surface treatment All
of Metals and
Plastics
Facility Q Combustion
All
process; metal
industry; surface
treatment of
metals & plastics
Other
Optional
Installations
Reporting Requirements
Comments
To be reported
To be reported as the sum of
emissions from all 3 processes
Can be excluded
Non IPPC activities
are allowed to be
excluded
Example 2
Facility S, Operator S
Manufacture of organic chemicals
(production of VC)
NOSE-P 105.09
Main IPPC Activity
Facility R, Operator R
Manufacture of Carbon or
Graphite
NOSE-P 105.09
Main IPPC Activity
Manufacture of organic chemicals
(production of PVC)
NOSE-P 105.09
IPPC Activity
R.7
R.8
Non-facility Domestic
Wastewater
R.9
Facility T, Operator T
WWTP B
Non-IPPC Activity
R.10
SURFACE WATER
Combustion Process >50MW
NOSE-P 101.02
IPPC Activity
Other Installations
Non IPPC Activities
Releases to Water
Reporting
Unit
NOSE_P
Release Reporting Requirements
Facility R Carbon or
R.7
Graphite
Facility S Organic
R.8
Chemicals
Other
Installations
Facility T WWTP B
R.10
Reported as indirect release
to water
Reported as indirect release
to water
Not to be reported
Comments
The contribution from “Other
installations” to release R.8 is
allowed to be excluded in the
reporting for Facility S
Is non-IPPC activity
Releases to Water - Combined Facilities
(exception- ref service contract)
Reporting
Unit
NOSE_P
Facility T WWTP B
Release Reporting Requirements
R.10
Comments
Reported as direct release to Use the main IPPC Activity and
water
corresponding NOSE-P code of the
facility (R or S) which contributes
most to R.10 in the report on
Facility T.
Releases to Air
Reporting
Unit
NOSE_P
Facility R Carbon or
Graphite
Facility S Organic
Chemicals
Release
Reporting Requirements
All
Reported
All
Reported as the sum of emissions
from basic organic chemicals and
combustion process
Can be excluded
Other
Optional
Installations
Comments
Non IPPC activities may be
excluded
Example Bulgaria
RIEW: Regional Inspectorate for Environment and Water
MOEW: Ministry of Environment and Water
ExEA: Executive Environment Agency; EEA: European Environment Agency
I think you have a
problem
EPER
“Industry and government should co-operate to get EPER
moving into the right direction”