Transcript Document

Acrobat XI Accessibility Requirements,
Implementation, and
Evaluation
Presented by:
Jonathan Avila and
Jason Megginson
March 6, 2015
Agenda
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Overview
User Impact
Laws and Standards
Formats and Workflow
Native Document Preparation
Acrobat Accessibility Features
Make Accessible Wizard
Implementation Tools
Accessibility Checkers
Implementation Bet Practices
Acrobat Accessibility Features
Resources
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Overview
Goal: Make PDF available to widest Audience
• PDF is an open specification
– PDF is an ISO standard (32000-1:2008)
• PDF format can be accessible
– Static created documents, forms and
dynamically generated content
• Readers available that support tagged
documents on Windows
– Limitations within readers on mobile/Mac
environments
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User Impact
Document accessibility affects users:
• Who are blind or have visual impairments
• Who have cognitive disabilities
Interactive document accessibility affects
users:
• With mobility impairments
• Who are deaf or hard of hearing
Examples you may have not considered
• Links must be keyboard accessible
• Text should reflow when document is zoomed
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Applicable Laws and Standards
Section 508
• Federal procurement requirement requires comparable access
WCAG 2.0
Section 504
• Accommodations for federally
funded programs
Section 255
• Telecomm support documentation
WCAG 2
• Guidelines that may be adopted as
standards
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Applicable Laws and Standards
PDF/UA
• PDF/UA as an ISO a11y standard
• Defines conformance for documents, readers, &
AT
PDF/UA
• Provides WCAG sufficient techniques
ADA
• Employment, education, public
accommodation
International Disability Law
• Equality Act in UK
• AODA in Ontario
• M376
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Workflow
There’s no magic “Make Accessible” button
Accessible content creation:
• Is a process
• Requires automated & human testing
• Should be part of the production workflow
• Requires a variety of techniques/methods
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Workflow
Source -> Destination Formats
• Word, InDesign -> ePUB, PDF, HTML
documents
Workflow Guidance
• Incorporate in design and implementation
process
• Post-production remediation is costly - can’t
address all issues
• Updates require conversion and loss of postproduction remediation
• Create priority order for pre-existing documents
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Native Document Preparation
Creating Accessible Source Documents
• Templates
• Color and contrast
• Use styles in documents
• Create multiple columns with column tool
• Add alternative text for images and objects
• Specify column header rows in tables
• Use meaningful hyperlink text
• Check the document
• Convert to PDF using accessible PDF Settings (Windows)
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Acrobat PDF Conversion
• Some aspects will need to be
addressed in Acrobat
• If native document was accessible
effort will be minimal
• Conversion process may create
tagged PDF files
• What are tags?
– Semantic markup to identify structure
– Ordered/nested a sequence referred
to as structure
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Make Accessible Wizard
Run the Make Accessible Wizard from Tools > Action Wizard
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Make Accessible Wizard (cont.)
Complete the Wizard
• Set doc title
• Recognize text OCR
• Detect form fields
• Set tab order
• Set language
• Add tags (if needed)
• Set alternative text
• Accessibility Checker
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Accessibility Checker
Run the Accessibility Checker
• Detects limited set of potential
accessibility issues
• Automatically appears as the
last step in the wizard
• Run the Accessibility Checker
from the Tools Panel >
Accessibility Pane
• Choose checker options
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Accessibility Checker
Review the results and fix the issues
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Implementation Tools
Use the Touch Up Reading Order tool/Order panel
Right click on the desired page in the index
and select “Show reading order panel”
• Changes items in the Tags
and Content panels
• Tag most elements
• Order that content is written
in the document
• Access to table editor
• Changes in content panel
may affect visual document
Be careful!
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Implementation Tools
Tags panel
• Reading order used by AT
• Does not affect visual appearance
• Advanced, but provides flexibility
• Find unmarked content/annotations
• Keystrokes support for quick nav
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Additional Implementation Best Practices
Reading order
• Tag panel/Order panel
– Check and arrange
reading order
Semantic structure
• Tag panel/Order panel
– Isolate content, check
role/fix roles
• Links, lists, notes, etc.
– Tags panel
Tags panel and Object Properties
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Additional Implementation Best Practices
Tagging Tables
• Tags panel or Table Editor
– Select content tag, tag, and associate headers
Table Editor with Table Cell
Properties dialog
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Additional Implementation Best Practices
Math and Symbols (non-image)
• Tags panel – split out and add actual text
Tags panel showing isolated formula content
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Additional Implementation Best Practices
Provide Titles for Form
Fields
• Form Editor – Properties –
tooltip (and value for radio
buttons)
Form Editor with Text Field
Properties Dialog
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Additional Implementation Best Practices
Mark Artifacts (lines, headers, footers, etc.)
• Tags Panel (tag as Artifact)
• Order Panel (background)
Footnotes
• Tags panel
– Tags as reference and note
– Can re-order footnote to after paragraph
Role Mapping
• Tags Panel > Edit role mappings
Watermarks
• Avoid in native format
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Test the Document
Re-run the Accessibility Checker until all issues are fixed
• Use a screen reader
– JAWS, NVDA
– Read Out Loud tool
• View > Read Out Loud >
Activate Read Out Loud
• View with Reflow option
– View > Zoom > Reflow
• View in high contrast
– Edit > Preferences >
Accessibility > Replacement Document Colors
• PDF Accessibility Checker (PAC) check PDF/UA conformance
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
Read Out Loud
• Text to speech built-into
Adobe Acrobat
• Reads text in order of tag
structure using arrow keys
• “Say All” command follows
the content order
• Not a replacement for a
screen reader
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Accessibility Features
Text Reflow
• Makes the text easier to
read when magnified
• no horizontal scrolling
necessary
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
High Contrast View
• Users with visual impairments may adjust the color contrast
for text, shapes, and the background within the document
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
Sample High Contrast View
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
High Contrast View
Challenge - Watermarks
• Avoid if possible in Word
– If used in Word 2013, choose
the Semitransparent option in
the Printed Watermark dialog
• Watermark is retained when
the document is reflowed in
Adobe Acrobat
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
High Contrast View
Challenge - Watermarks
• Apply Artifact tag structure
to background images in
Adobe InDesign
• Reflowing the document will
remove the background
images with High Contrast
enabled
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
High Contrast View Challenge - Watermarks
• Adding in Acrobat allows the watermark to be hidden when
document is reflowed
• Opacity must be set to 100%
• Place it behind text
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Acrobat Accessibility Features
High Contrast View Challenge Watermarks
• Implementation Best Practice
– Avoid Watermarks on all pages if
possible
– Alternatives may include:
• Using native features (i.e., MS
Word, InDesign, Acrobat) set
watermark on the title page
only
• Set watermark text in
document’s meta-data (e.g.,
document title)
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Resources
• Adobe’s Accessibility Website: www.adobe.com/accessibility
• Adobe’s Voluntary Product Accessibility Templates (VPAT):
www.adobe.com/accessibility/products/compliance/
• Adobe TV Accessibility Channel:
http://tv.adobe.com/channel/government/accessibility/
• PDF Techniques for WCAG
http://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG20-TECHS/pdf.html
• PDF/UA AIMM page
http://www.aiim.org/Research-andPublications/Standards/Committees/PDFUA
• Accessibility Management Platform (AMP):
https://amp.ssbbartgroup.com
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Thank You!
Contact Us
Jonathan Avila
[email protected]
Jason Megginson
[email protected]
Slide Deck
info.ssbbartgroup.com/CSUN2015
Follow Us
@SSBBARTGroup
linkedin.com/company/
SSB-BART-Group
facebook.com/
SSBBARTGroup
SSBBARTGroup.com/blog
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About SSB BART Group
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Unmatched Experience
Focus on Accessibility
Solutions That Manage Risk
Real-World Strategy
Organizational Strength and
Continuity
• Dynamic, Forward-Thinking
Intelligence
• Fourteen hundred organizations
(1445)
• Fifteen hundred individual
accessibility best practices
(1595)
• Twenty-two core technology
platforms (22)
• Fifty-five thousand audits
(55,930)
• One hundred fifty million
accessibility violations
(152,351,725)
• Three hundred sixty-six
thousand human validated
accessibility violations (366,096)
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