Transcript MAIN TITLE

Prevention
Sharing minds,
changing life styles
Jean-Jacques Dohogne – ACR+
Summer School course – San Sebastian July 2011
Testing...
Who buys at least once a month organic or
ecological products?
Who uses his reusable shopping bag 90% of times?
Who is printing both sides 90% of times?
Who is drinking tap water almost all the time?
Who is composting at home or in the community?
Our consumption patterns...
… makes that we are literally eating
away our planet and leaving a huge
waste pile
Today
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Resource indicators
Ecological rucksack
Resource indicators
Ecological rucksack
1kg gold
540 tons natural
materials
1kg gold
10 tons kg WEEE
Source: Umicore 2011
Ecological rucksack
Resource indicators
1kg Aluminium
1kg Aluminium
85 kg natural materials
3,5 kg recycled
aluminium
Source: Umicore 2011
Ecological footprint
6 ha
5,6 ha
Productive
surface
available per
person
2 ha
3 ha
Ecological
footprint of
the rich
countries per
person
1,4 ha
1 ha
1900’
1950’
2010’
Municipal waste – top of iceberg
Resource indicators
Municipal waste
600 kg
500 kg
3500 kg
Industrial waste
Switch to vegetarian diet
reduces the resource2900 kg
consumption per person
with 1600 kg
Resources
50.000 kg per year
41.500 kg
Source: ACR+, 2011
Resource indicators
When will we reach
‘peak oil’?
Resource indicators
Wake up – we reach several peaks!!
Peak
Depletion
Main area of usage
2006-2026
2055-2100
Energy generation,
chemical industry,…
2010-2025
2075
Energy generation
2100
2160-2210
Energy generation
3500 kg
Passed?
Drinking, agriculture,
industry,…
50.000 kg
Platinum
2020
Silver
Source: ITRE, 2009
2020-2030
Electronics, industry,
medicine
Electronics,
pharmaceuticals
Resource indicators
“The significant problems we
face cannot be solved at the
same level of thinking we were
at when we created them” quote Albert Einstein
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Life cycle thinking
Cradle to grave system
Take
Make
Waste
Resource
Product
Waste
Life Cycle Thinking
Cradle2Cradle
Life cycle thinking
Redesign
Rethink
Reduce
Resources
Resources
Technological &
Biological Cycle
Products
of products
Recycle
Waste
Waste
Reuse
Repair
Source: ACR+, 2011
Life Cycle Thinking
Prepare
for reuse
Life cycle thinking
Reuse
Selling/ donate
PRODUCT
1st LIFE
PRODUCT
2nd LIFE
& more
RESOURCES
WASTE
Recycled materials
OTHER
NEW
PRODUCT
¨PARTS/
MATERIALS
Recycling
Source: ACR+, 2011
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Sust. Cons & Prod. Action Plan
Sustaineble Cons. & Prod.
Review prospects 2012
Eco-design requirements for recycled
content, recyclability, durability …
Eco-design criteria for packaging
Extended warranty and support for product
repair schemes
Promote durability/ banning of planned
obsolescence
…
Source: DEFRA 2009
Sustaineble Cons. & Prod.
How many of the consumers in
Europe buy green products?
Who says more than 30%?
Source: DEFRA 2009
Sustaineble Cons. & Prod.
Green Behavior Segments
95% would buy green
75% know what a green
product is
63% looking for
green
47% saw
green products
22%
bought
green
Source: 2009 GMA/Deloitte Green Shopper Study, studied > than 6,000 shopper experiences in 11 major retailers
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Waste hierarchy
Waste hierarchy
More efficient
Strict avoidance
A
Reduction at source
labels
Reuse
Prepare for reuse
Recycling
B
C
Inciner. + energy rec.
Lanfilling
Less efficient
D
E
Waste
prevention
Waste
minimisation
Treating waste as a resource
2030 targets considered in the EC Roadmap Resource
Efficiency
Waste hierarchy
2009
2030
Recycling &
composting =
42%
Incineration =
20%
Landfilling =
38%
Prevention =
15%
Prepare for
reuse/Recycling
& composting =
80/90%
Incineration = 5-10%
Landfilling = 5 %
Source: waste issues in the context of resource efficiency -Pavel Misiga (EU 2011)
Roadmap towards sustainability
Energy consumption/
cap like 1960s/ 1970s
Measure of performance
Waste hierarchy
‘Requires managed austerity &
design philosophy’
Product life time
doubled or tripled
Recycling
overall 90%
Product life time
increase by > 50%
Recycling
overall 50%
2010
2020
Energy consumption/
cap like 1950s/ 1960s
2030
Source: TNO, 2010
Useful economic instruments
Eco-taxes
EPR fees
Waste hierarchy
Products
Raw material
taxes
Raw
materials
Deposit
refunds
Green
certificates
Waste
Life
cycle
Recycled
products
Incineration
taxes
Incineration
Disposal
Disposal taxes
Selective
collection
Tax rebates
Secondary
raw materials
Tax rebates
Waste
collection
taxes (PAYT)
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Waste prevention
Is Spain producing
above EU27 average
MSW?
EU 27 (2009)= 505 kg/inh/y
Spain (2009)= 545 kg/inh/y
We can reduce with 100 kg/inh/y!
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention
Waste generation EU 15
in kg/inh/y
Waste generation EU 15
in kg/inh/y
(with prevention)
-100
kg or
-15%
600 kg/inh/y
500 kg/inh/y
Waste hierarchy detailed
Complete prevention of waste
Waste prevention
generation by reducing material
intensity in production & consumption
Strict avoidance
Multiple use of a product in its
A++
original form,
for itscosumption
original
Minimising
material
purpose or for an alternative, with
A+
Reduction at source
or without reconditioning
Reuse
A
Waste
prevention
Waste prevention as a multiinstrumental approach
How?
Waste prevention
Legal instruments
Economic instruments
Educational instruments
Communication tools
Technical instruments and technologies
Why?
Resources (saving material and energy resources)
Climate change (reducing GHG emissions)
Socio-economic (creating sustainable jobs & lifestyles)
Financial (saving money)
Think globally, Act locally!
Think Life Cycle, Close the Loop!
Sustainable consumption and production
Waste hierarchy, no trade off!
Waste prevention benchmarking is key!
Think globally, Act locally!
Waste prevention cases
Benchmarking?
“Systematic research into the waste
prevention activity performances and the
underlying processess and methods of one or
more leading reference bodies in a certain
field, and the comparison of one’s own
performance and operating methods with these
‘best practices’, with the goal of locating and
improving one’s own performance”
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Per waste stream
Waste
generation
(kg/inh./y)
All Waste
Potential
waste
quantitative
benchmark
(kg/inh./y)
600
100
Bio-waste
220
40
Paper waste
100
15
Packaging waste
150
25
Bulky & other waste
130
20
Waste prevention cases
Benchmarking - cases
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Bio-waste, best practices
Bio-waste
generation
(kg/inh./y)
1
Bio-waste
Green scaping
Smart gardening
220
Potential
bio-waste
quantitative
benchmark
(kg/inh./y)
40
10
Smart food consumption
10
Home, community & onsite composting
20
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Bio-waste, best practices
Reduce
Smart
gardening
Reduce
Home
composting
Reuse
Food banks
On-site leave composting
Waste prevention cases
Royal Parks (UK)
Waste reduction
Target
100% leave waste by 2005
Result
100% of the leave waste
composted
10.000
trees
3000m3
green waste
1800m3
compost
Food redistribution
Waste prevention cases
Fareshare (UK)
Participation
Target
100.000 vulnerable people
6000 volunteers
2200 community org. & charities
Result
25.000 people benefit every day
Waste reduction
Target
Redistribute 20.000 tons of food/y
Result
10.500 tons of food redistributed
Home composting
Waste prevention cases
Kent Council (UK)
Participation
Target
35% of the HHLDs by 2010/11
Result
34% of HHLDs in 2008
Is home composting
waste prevention?
Waste reduction
Target
Results
• 18500 biowaste reduction
• 103.000 compost bins sold
• 250 active compost advisors
• Residual waste from 733 to
704kg/hhld/y
• 13875 biowaste reduction
• 75000 compost bins sold
• 185kg biowaste
composted/hhld/y
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Packaging waste, best practices
Get rid of
one way
packaging
Packaging
waste
generation
(kg/inh./y)
2 Packaging Waste
150
Potential
packaging
waste
quantitative
benckmark
(kg/inh./y)
25
Encourage refillable/
returnable bottles
12
Promoting tap water
2
Encouraging reusable bags
1
Fighting excess packaging
10
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Packaging waste, best practices
Strict
avoidance
Reduction at
source
Reuse
Marks & spencer
Waste prevention cases
PlanA (UK)
Participation
Target
All M&S shops
Result
100%
Waste reduction
Target
•
•
Results
•
•
Reduce weight of non-glass
packaging by 25% by 2012
Reduce single use carrier bag
by 33% by 2010
Non-glass packaging reduced
by an average of 20% (from
25gr to 20gr)
Single use carrier bags
decreased by 64%
Waste prevention cases
Packaging optimisation
Negative
Environm .impact
Optimum Pack design
Minimal Environm. impact
Underpacking
Overpacking
Minimum material
Levy on plastic bags
Waste prevention cases
Ireland – nation wide
Waste reduction
Target 90% reduction in single-use plastic
Bags by 2002
Results 94% reduction or
328
21 single–use bags/inh/y
1.2 billion
72 million single-use
bags per year
Levy 2002 = 0,15%
Levy 2007 (reviewed) = 0,22%
Public water fountain
Waste prevention cases
Municipality of Castelfidardo(IT)
Participation
Target
All inhabitants (19.000 inh)
Result
5% or 800 inhabitants
Waste reduction
Results
300.000 liter/y tapped
corresponding to 200.000
bottles of PET (1,5l)
prevented or 6000 kg of PET
Investment cost = 23.364 Euros
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Paper waste, best practices
3 Paper Waste
Reducing unwanted
unaddressed mail
and
Paper waste
generation
(kg/inh./y)
Potential
paper waste
quantitative
benckmark
(kg/inh./y)
100
15
4
Encouraging
dematerialisation through ICT
9
Reducing kitchen,
and towel paper
2
tissue
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Paper waste, best practices
Strict
avoidance
Reduction at
source
Reuse
Office paper use reduction
Waste prevention cases
Public company AMIAT in Turin (IT)
Participation
Measures
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Draft mode printing
Two sides copies
Reuse one-sided copies
Reuse enveloppes
Use digital documents
Email : do not print the
mail if not necessary,
…
Target
350 employees
Result
100%
Waste reduction
Results
Paper use went down by 80%
35 tons/y
7 tons/y or
100kg/empl/y
20 kg/empl/y
No junk mail
Waste prevention cases
North London (UK)
Participation
Waste reduction
Target
Results
10% of the population
Result
7% of the population
18kg/hhld/y paper waste
prevented
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Bulky waste, best practices
Bulky waste
generation
(kg/inh./y)
4
Potential
bulky waste
quantitative
benckmark
(kg/inh./y)
Bulky waste
52
40
Promote textiles
waste prevention
15
4
Promote furniture
waste prevention
20
4
Promote WEEE
prevention
17
4
ACR+ -100 kg benchmark
Waste prevention cases
Bulky waste, best practices
Avoidance
Reduction at
source
Dry cleaning
Borrowing library
Community
laundries Sweden
Reuse
Textile Waste prevention
Waste prevention cases
North Wales (UK)
Participation
Result
14 large and national charities operating 69
shops distributed over the North Welsh territory
Waste reduction
Results
1. 1543 tonnes (2.25kg/inh/y) or 8,6%
the potential total amount of waste
textiles in North Wales were collected.
2. 226 tonnes (0.33 kg/inh/y) or 15%
were sold to the public and 85% or
1317 tonnes were sold to textile
merchants as ‘charity rag’.
Textile Waste management
Collection
Processing
Commercialise
Sales to clients
30 to 40%
International projects
Containers
• Street
• Retailers
• Schools
Door-to-door
Voluntary bring
Treatment process
• Sorting
50 to 55%
• Labelling
• Cleaning
Recycling
• Cutting
• Baling
Incinerated/
10
to
15%
…
landfilled
Reuse association
AERSS Spain
Waste prevention cases
Total of 6327 tons reused
Participation
Result
5061 persons involved
(employees + volunteers)
Waste reduction
Results
Collected
Reused
Furniture
19.600 tons
2.196 tons
WEEE
5.293 tons
506 tons
Textile
10.284 tons
3193 tons
Per year
Reusable nappies in nurseries
Waste prevention cases
Sant Cugat del Vallès (SP)
Waste reduction
Target
150kg/child/y or 34 Tons/y (228 pupils)
Results
126kg/child/y or 28 Tons/y (228 pupils)
Year 1: 7 nappies/day - Year 2: 5 nappies/day
+/- 6000 nappies/ child till 2,5 year
Redistributing paint
Waste prevention cases
Community RePaint scheme (UK)
Participation
•
•
•
•
•
2292 community groups
received paint
10424 individuals received
paint
82 full time jobs created
72 part time jobs created
132 volunteers assisting
Waste reduction
•
•
316.641 liters of paint
collected
215.848 liters of paint
redistributed
Market value of waste
diverted = 1,5 million Euro
Together we can make
a change