Transcript Dengu Fever-simple by Dr Sarma

Dengue Fever
(Pronounced as Dhen Gey)
Facts we all need to know
by
Dr.R.V.S.N.Sarma., M.D.,
Alternative Names
Onyong- Nyang Fever
 West Nile Fever
 Break Bone Fever
 Dengue like Disease
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Inter play of three factors
WE
Interaction
The Virus
The Mosquito
The Virus
Dengue Virus
The Dengue Virus
Four types (flavours)
 Type 1 to 4 (named very cleverly)
 Transmitted by mosquito –
Indian national airliner for most germs!
Dengue Virus
Electron Micrograms
The Aircraft for Dengue
Difficult name to pronounce?
We have to ask its parents (Zoologists)
Aedes aegypti
(Infected Female Mosquito)
mostly females are
dangerous anyway – joking!
Watch out ! This Mosquito
Day biting – normally catches us unaware
 Loves / lives in fresh water in homes
 Lays eggs preferentially in jars, discarded
containers, coconut shells, old tires etc.
 Year round breeding
 Tropical regions like our mother India are
its favorite zones.
 It is an urban mosquito
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The Aircraft (Aedes aegypti)
This special mosquito
Transmits
Many
Dangerous
illnesses
See our greatness!
Prevalent from centuries
Highly prevalent now
Dengue Fever
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Dengue viruses – 4 flavours cause it
It is transmitted by a mosquito- the
Aedes aegypti
It is generally an animal virus
Man is accidentally infected
Other vertebrates are the reservoirs
Dengue Transmission Cycle
Dengue colourful features!
Clinical Features
Dengue Presentations
Like any other viral fever- not clear cut
 Dengue Fever with Muscle pains
this is classical presentation in 90%
cases
 Dengue Fever with bleeding in 7%
 Dengue – the dangerous form in 3%
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Bleeding from where?
Bleeding into skin
 From Gums
 From Nose
 Into our food passages
 Blood in urine
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What do we experience ?
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2–7 days after the mosquito had its dinner on
us we may develop
Sudden onset of fever, chills, headache
Back pain with severe muscle and joint pains
Pain behind the eyes and on moving the eyes
Nick name - Break bone fever- pains so severe
Red patches or spots on the skin
Mild nose bleeds
This is the ordinary classical
Non dangerous form!
What is the end result?
Complete recovery is the rule
 Severe weakness many persist for
many days after the fever leaves us
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Skin bleeds
Dengue – The bleeding form
Blood vessels are affected
 There is severe oozing into tissues
 Bleeding into all possible parts of body
 Blood clotting mechanism is disrupted
 Blood pressure falls and many end in
collapse and death
 In the best centers 5% of this type of
Dengue will reach their forefathers
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Bleeding into the eye
Large bleed into skin
Bleeding spots in skin
Normal
Dengue
Rare types of Dengue
Brain fever
 Liver damage
 Heart damage
 Severe bleeding
into stomach
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What are the tests needed?
Routine blood test
 Tests to check the clotting process
 Special tests to identify the Dengue
or its foot marks in our blood
 Urine to check protein leak
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Special Test (ELISA)
ELISA Plate
IgM-capture ELISA
Treatment of Dengue
Supportive measures – Mosquito screen
 Avoid Aspirin and pain killers
 Steroids should not be used
 Plenty of water and salt are required
 Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form
 No antibiotics are of proven value
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Child with severe form of Dengue
Oxygen
IV Fluids
Special Care
See the tubes
every where
Frightening, isn’t it?
Common Misconceptions
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Severe Dengue is only a childhood
illness –
No, All ages may be involved
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Sever form is a problem of poor families
– No, The effluent do get very sick
Can we protect ourselves?
There is no vaccine available as yet
 But we can prevent the disease by
preventing ourselves from mosquito bite
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Mosquito Control
How to prevent mosquito spread?
Do not allow empty vessels,
coconut shells, plastic containers,
flower pots, tires etc to collect rain
water in them
2. Frequently (once in 2-3 days)
empty all water storage containers
3. Cover your over tanks to prevent
mosquitoes breeding in fresh water
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How to prevent mosquito bites?
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Screen your homes with mosquito
screens like Netlon Wear full clothing – long sleeves
Apply mosquito repellents like Odomos
Keep Dengue fever patient
under mosquito net
True community participation is key
We need to learn
Each person is a Book !
 Each Day is a Learning Opportunity!!
 Learning has More Relevance
today than ever !!!
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Reach Yours Sincerely @
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Dr.SARMA RVSN
Voice : +91-4116-2309226, 260593
Mobile : +91- 93805 21221
E-mail : [email protected]
Web site : http://www.drsarma.in
Snail mail :
3, Jayanagar, Tiruvallur
Tamilnadu, INDIA
Pin : 602 001
Thank You !