Transcript Muon Finding in ZEUS

Participation in T2K neutrino program?
benefits, options, and opportunities
Achim Geiser
ZEUS DESY group discussion on future opportunities
26. January 05
 Introduction
 Outline of current questions in neutrino physics
 The T2K program
 Detector and schedules
 DESY-specific aspects
 Conclusions
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The T2K project
~1 GeV n
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50 GeV p
2
Assumptions on constraints
 DESY contribution initially limited to manpower and resources as
outlined in the HGF request
 further contribution should be scalable both upwards and
downwards, depending on resources and roadmap for DESY
participation in ILC
 need long term future option
 individual DESY physicists cannot simultaneously participate in
HERA and ILC and external activity (group can)
-> external activity in addition to declining HERA
activity/stepping up ILC activity
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Current issues in neutrino physics
 conservative assumption: neutrino oscillations are established!
Super-K, SNO, KamLand + many others
-> neutrinos have mass, (minimal) extension of Standard Model!
 quark masses (6) and mixing parameters (4) are now all known;
recently completed by CP violation parameters from Belle/Babar
 out of the corresponding 10 mass and mixing parameters of the
lepton sector (slide) , only 7 are (partially) known:
me, mm, mt, Dm212, q12 („solar“), |Dm223|, q23 („atm“)
 remain to be measured:
absolute mass scale (tritium beta decay, double beta decay)
sign of Dm223
mass hierarchy (slide) , matter effects
q13 !
(~equivalent to Vub)
CP violation!!
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Current issues in neutrino physics
 CP violation can only be measured if q13 /= 0 !
need 3-generation mixing!
 Sign of Dm223 can only be measured if q13 /= 0 !
need ne contribution!
(matter effects)
 leptonic CP violation might be able to explain baryon asymmetry
in the universe (standard model instanton processes in Big Bang
can turn lepton asymmetry into baryon asymmetry)
quark sector CP violation cannot (too small!)
 measurement of q13 is very fundamental!
 interest of CP violation is obvious
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T2K phase I
T2K phase II
+ neutrino factory
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Tokai-to-Kamioka (T2K) LBL n
NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
experiment
S Nagamiya,
Super-Kamiokande
T2K (2009~)
J-PARC
@JAERI
４０ｍ
 Off-axis sub-GeV nm beam from JPARC 50GeV-PS
 ~3000 nm CC int./yr (w/o osc.)
 ne appearance discovery
 nm disapp. precise meas.
 5 year const. Start exp. in 2009.
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Sensitivity on ne appearance
CHOOZ
excluded
~20times
sin22q13
6
The T2K program
 end of 2004: phase I finally approved!
 2005-2008 prepare near detector,
reequip Super-K (far detector) with full phototube density
 (1. April?) 2009: start data taking
(when they say april 1, they mean april 1)
measure/limit q13 !
(best sensitivity worldwide)
if /= 0, CP violation and matter effects can be large!
improve measurements of sin2q23 (=1 or not?) and dm223
standard neutrino physics with near detector
 in parallel, prepare for phase 2 (start 20xx?):
higher intensity beam (proton driver), intermediate detector, HK
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Location of JAERI at Tokai
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
KAMIOKA
JAERI
Tokai
KEK
Tsukuba
TOKYO
NARITA
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Replies to Recommendations (2)
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
 Recommendation #3: The IAC strongly
recommends that the neutrino oscillation
experiment be brought into Phase I with
additional supplementary funding. This would
send a clear signal for international collaboration
in this area.
The neutrino project was approved for construction.
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1) Budget and Schedule
Construction Schedule
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
Construction Schedule (as of Oct., 2003)
FY2001 FY2002 FY2003 FY2004 FY2005 FY2006 FY2007 FY2008
Bldg. construction
Linac
Beam
test
Equip. construction
Bldg. construction
3 GeV
Beam
test
Equip. construction
Bldg. construction
50 GeV
Equip. construction
Bldg. construction
Materials + Life
Equip. construction
Beam
test
Beam
test
Bldg. construction
Equip. construction
Nuclear-Particle
Beam
test
Bldg. construction
Equip. construction
Neutrino (plan)
Others
Beam
test
Construction
Archelogical studies study report
Salt Farms
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Construction Start
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Beam
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1) Budget and Schedule
Expected Beam Power
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
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2) Construction Status
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
IAC, March 2004
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2) Construction Status
3 GeV Quadrupole Magnet
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
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4) Letters of Intent
Letters of Intent for 50 GeV
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
 Announce of LoI call : July 2002
 Thirty LoI’s were submitted by early
2003








Strangeness nuclear physics
Nuclear/hadron physics
Kaon decay physics
Muon physics
Neutrino physics
Future facilities
Nuclear/Particle Facility LOI Authors
7
7
4
3
1
8
478 physicists with 2/3 from outside
Japan. Asian participation is still few.
Call for proposals: Most likely, within
half(?) a year, if no further delay is
observed for the 50 GeV
construction.
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Total #
= 478
Europe
Japan
North America
Asia
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Timeline for 50 GeV Proposals
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
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3) Recent News in Sciences
From K2K to T2K
S Nagamiya, NP04, KEK, August 24, 2004
K2K =
KEK to
Kamioka
108 events
observed
(151 events
expected
without any
oscillations)
Data since 1999
Without oscillation
T2K = Tokai to Kamioka
(not yet an official name)
With oscillation
Best fit
 99.99%
confident that
n carries a
finite mass.
Flux (nm) at J-PARC 50 GeV PS
> 100 x Flux (nm) at KEK 12 GeV PS
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nmne appearance.
Overcome the background and correctly
estimate the remaining background.
sin22qme=0.05,
Dm2=3×10-3eV2
LOI
mostly p0
mostly from m decay
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Conceptual Off-Axis 280m Detector
Magnet (and side MRD)
Magnet (and side MRD)
Electron calorimeter
Fine Grained detector
w/ or w/o water target
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Tracker (TPC or chamber
Iron shield for m-ID
Scintillator
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UA1 Magnet
 7.64(L)× 6.116(H)×
5.596(W)
 B=0.67T (UA1),
0.4T(NOMAD), ≤0.2T (T2K for
power<0.6MW)
 NOMAD experiments
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Instrumenting the iron
“C” are made of plates of iron 4.8 cm thick
Gap of 1.7 cm between plates
It is possible to insert scintillators in the
gaps (1 complete layer ~ 90 m2)
(extruded scintillators with fibers?)
For UA1 = hadron calorimeter
For T2K = muon range detector
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Full Active target detector
 SciBar-like to measure the exclusive final
states.
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K. Nakamura, T2K collaboration meeting, 24.8.04
T2K
Interim Collaboration Agreement
and
Interim MoU for the Common Project
which are under discussion in the IBR
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Interim Agreement on International Collaboration
K. Nakamura, T2K collaboration meeting, 24.8.04
 T2K Collaboration does not have a Collaboration Agreement yet.
 In the formal CA, we (Spokesperson + KEK Representative) wish to
specify contributions from each participating
Institution/Country/Region to the Experiment.
 Until the funding situation of most of the participating
Institution/Country/Region becomes clear, we wish to proceed with
an Interim Agreement.
 Until the formal CA is signed, the IBR (International Board of
Representatives) functions as the Executive Committee.
 Organization, Institutional Responsibilities, Membership, etc. will be
defined.
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T2K Interim Board of Representatives
K. Nakamura, T2K collaboration meeting, 24.8.04
 Spokesperson
 Construction group representative
 National / Regional representatives
Canada
Italy
Korea
Russia
Switzerland
USA
A. Konaka, J.M. Poutissou
M. Mezzeto
France
S.B. Kim
Poland
Y. Kudenko
Spain
A. Blondel
UK
G. Beir, C.K. Jung*, H. Sobel
 KEK representative
 ICRR representative
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K. Nishikawa
T. Kobayashi
F. Pierre
D. Kielczewska
E. Fernandes
D. Wark
K. Nakamura
Y. Suzuki
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Common Project and Common Fund for Facilities Related
to Neutrino Beam and Near Detector
 As one of the host institutes of the T2K Experiment, KEK is
responsible for the civil construction of the facilities related to the
neutrino beam and the near detectors.
 The construction of the neutrino beam line and the near detectors
including part of the beam extraction system is defined as the Common
Project of the T2K Collaboration.
 Each collaborating Institute/Country/Region is expected to contribute
to the Common Project appropriately.
 Contributions to the Common Project will be made in two ways:
 In-kind contribution to supply engineering work and/or equipments
 cash contribution to the Common Fund
 KEK as a host institute will exchange an Interim MoU with each
contributing Institution/Funding Agency with regard to funding
request for the contribution to the Common Project.
 When funding is allocated, the Interim MoU will be replaced with the
MoU between KEK and the contributing Institution/Funding Agency.
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potential DESY participation?
 disclaimer: the following is an example for a hypothetical scenario made up by
me, not yet discussed with the DESY management nor with the T2K collaboration
 phase 0: 2005/6?
main hardware/software/analysis activity: HERA
 phase 1: 2007/8?
main analysis activity: HERA
work on hardware/software contribution to T2K
 convergence towards decision on external DESY participation
 preparation of potential bilateral german-japanese agreements
 discussion on agreement at European level to become part of a European
hub for infrastructure (hardware, test beams, meetings) and
computing/analysis for test beam and physics data
 collaboration agreement on detector tasks and access to far detector data,
in-kind contributions? (beam-line elements (HERA), detector parts (ZEUS))
 formally join T2K collaboration in 2006?




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detector construction activities according to agreement
electron test beam activities, including support for other European groups
preparation of online and monitoring software
preparation of analysis software
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potential DESY participation?
 phase 2: 2009-final ILC approval?
start of T2K data taking
shift of analysis activity HERA -> T2K
hardware activity towards intermediate+far detectors?





running in of near detector
participation in data taking shifts
start European or European/US analysis activity! (attract students)
prepare participation to T2K stage 2 (e.g. intermediate detector, HK)
in parallel after end of HERA analysis: participate in ILC+detector design
activities (e.g. T2K diploma students -> ILC PhD students)
 phase 3: ILC approval-ILC startup?
main analysis activity: T2K
rescale hardware/software contribution to T2K
for compatibility with ILC+detector plans
 data analysis! (oscillations + many „standard“ physics topics)
 define scale of participation to T2K phase 2 hardware depending on available
resources
 continue role as infrastructure provider in any case (=minimum involvement)
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Conclusions
 DESY participation in T2K would
 offer great physics opportunities (attract students + postdocs)
 fit transition time between end of HERA analysis and start of ILC analysis
 offer opportunities to collaborate with German and European partners in a
fully international project and serve as a German or maybe even European Hub
 offer opportunities for application of expertise in particle physics analysis,
detectors and beam line elements
(+ in-kind contributions from ending HERA program??)
 allow to participate with initially limited resources
 allow to scale future hardware commitments according to ILC developments
 offer excellent long term perspectives, if wished, via an intermediate
detector and a Megaton far detector towards a neutrino factory
 If participation to an external project is considered at all, this option
ideally matches all the requirements
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