Transcript Prentice Hall Biology

Interest Grabber
Section 9-1
Feel the Burn
Do you like to run, bike, or swim? These all are good ways to exercise.
When you exercise, your body uses oxygen to get energy from glucose,
a six-carbon sugar.
1. How does your body feel at the start of exercise, such as a long, slow
run? How do you feel 1 minute into the run; 10 minutes into the run?
2. What do you think is happening in your cells to cause the changes
in how you feel?
3. Think about running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could you
keep up this pace for a much longer distance? Explain your answer.
Go to
Section:
Section Outline
Section 9-1
9–1
Chemical Pathways
A. Chemical Energy and Food
B. Overview of Cellular Respiration
C. Glycolysis
1. ATP Production
2. NADH Production
D. Fermentation
1. Alcoholic Fermentation
2. Lactic Acid Fermentation
Go to
Section:
Chemical Pathways
Section 9-1
Glucose
Glycolysis
With O2
Krebs
cycle
Electron
transport
Aerobic respiration
Fermentation
(without oxygen)
Anaerobic respiration
Go to
Section:
Alcohol or
lactic acid
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
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Section:
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
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Section:
Figure 9–3 Glycolysis
Section 9-1
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
Glycolysis
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Section:
Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Glucose
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Section:
Pyruvic acid
Lactic acid
Figure 9–4 Lactic Acid Fermentation
Section 9-1
Glucose
Go to
Section:
Pyruvic acid
Lactic acid
Figure 9–4 Alcoholic Fermentation
Section 9-1
Glucose
Pyruvic acid
Ethanol +
CO2
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Section:
First few
Seconds
Stored ATP
< 90 Seconds
Lactic Acid
Fermentation
Lactic Acid build
up is called
OXYGEN DEBT
>90
Seconds
Aerobic
Respiration
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Section:
Glycogen stored in tissue
used up in 15-20 min
Other molecules such as
FAT will then be broken
down for energy
Interest Grabber
Section 9-2
Rolling and Folding
Some of the steps in cellular respiration take place in the membrane inside
the cell structure called the mitochondrion, which has a folded inner
membrane. What purpose do these folds serve?
To find out the answer to this question, perform this activity.
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Section:
Interest Grabber continued
Section 9-2
1. Obtain two sheets of paper and a metric ruler. What is the surface area
of the paper?
2. Roll one sheet of paper into a tube lengthwise. What is the surface area
of the rolled paper?
3. Fold the second sheet of paper into a fan. Then, roll the first
sheet of paper around the folded paper so it is inside the rolled paper.
What has happened to the surface area of the inside of the rolled
paper?
4. What would be the value of increasing the surface area of the
membrane inside a mitochondrion?
Go to
Section:
Figure 9–2 Cellular Respiration: An Overview
Section 9-1
Mitochondrion
Electrons carried in NADH
Pyruvic
acid
Glucose
Glycolysis
Krebs
Cycle
Electrons
carried in
NADH and
FADH2
Electron
Transport
Chain
Mitochondrion
Cytoplasm
Go to
Section:
Aerobic Respiration
Proteins of the Electron
Transport Chain (ETC)
are located in the inner
mitochondial membrane
called the cristae
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Section:
Section Outline
Section 9-2
9–2
The Krebs Cycle and Electron Transport
A.
B.
C.
D.
The Krebs Cycle
Electron Transport
The Totals
Energy and Exercise
1. Quick Energy
2. Long-Term Energy
E. Comparing Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Go to
Section:
Flowchart
Section 9-2
Cellular Respiration
Glucose
(C6H1206)
+
Oxygen
(02)
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Section:
Glycolysis
Krebs
Cycle
Electron
Transport
Chain
Carbon
Dioxide
(CO2)
+
Water
(H2O)
36
Transparency 7A-2
Matrix
36
Transparency 7A-3
Matrix
36
Transparency 7A-4
Matrix
36
Transparency 7A-5
36
Transparency 7A-6
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Transparency 7A-6
1. What is the source of carbon for cellular respiration?
Glucose (C6H12O6) is the carbon source.
36
Transparency 7A-7
2. Where does Stages 2a, b and c of cellular respiration take place?
in mitochondrial MATRIX
Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
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Section:
Figure 9–6 The Krebs Cycle
Section 9-2
Citric Acid
Production
Mitochondrion
Krebs Cycle, Part 1
Krebs Cycle, Part 2
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Section:
Figure 9–7 Electron Transport Chain
Section 9-2
Electron Transport
Hydrogen Ion Movement
Channel
Mitochondrion
H+
Intermembrane
Space
ATP synthase
Inner
Membrane
H+
Matrix
e- H+
H+
ATP Production
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Section:
H+
H+
H+
H+
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Section:
Respiration
Occurs 2 ways
With oxygen
Has 3 stages
Without oxygen
Has two stages
1st
1st
2nd
2nd
Which produces
3rd
Which produces
waste products
animal
plant
Online Quiz
• Go to this site
http://midpac.edu/~biology/Intro%20Biol
ogy/PH%20Biology%20Lab%20Simulati
ons/cellresp/intro.html
and do the simulation
• Then take the self quiz –PRINT OUT to
turn in tomorrow.
Go to
Section:
WORKSHEET ELODEA/FISH
1. Write the equation of the reaction of CO2 and water.
2. Bromothymol blue (BTB) is colored blue when the pH is __________.
3. BTB is colored green when the pH is ____________________.
4. BTB is colored yellow when the pH is _______________.
5. A high conc. of CO2 will cause the pH of the water to be______.
What color will the BTB be?
6. The gas that is released by consumers is ___________.
7. The gas that is produced by producers is ___________.
8. The gas that is absorbed by producers is ___________.
9. A low level of CO2 will cause the pH of water to be _______.
What color will the BTB be?
10. Explain the color of the BTB in the bowl 2 that just had the fish
(Use the terms pH, CO2 and acid).
11. Was the fish healthy in bowl 2? Why?
12. Explain the color of the BTB in the bowl 3 that just had the plant.
13. Is the plant healthy in bowl 3? Why?
14. Explain the color of the bowl 4 that had both the fish and the plant.
(Use the terms pH, acid, CO2, photosynthesis, respiration).
15. Do you think the plant and fish were healthy in bowl 4? Why?
BOWL 1: WATER + BTB
BOWL 2: WATER + BTB + FISH
BOWL 3: WATER + BTB + PLANT
BOWL 4: WATER + BTB + FISH + PLANT
CO2 + H2O 
H2CO3
Carbon dioxide water
carbonic acid
Go to
Section:
Video Contents
Click a hyperlink to choose a video.
Aerobic Respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs Cycle, Part 1
Krebs Cycle, Part 2
Electron Transport Chain, Part 1
Electron Transport Chain, Part 2
Video 1
Aerobic Respiration
Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 2
Glycolysis
Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 3
Krebs Cycle, Part 1
Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 4
Krebs Cycle, Part 2
Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 5
Electron Transport Chain, Part 1
Click the image to play the video segment.
Video 6
Electron Transport Chain, Part 2
Click the image to play the video segment.
Go Online
Links from the authors on Creatine
Share kimchi lab data
Interactive test
For links on cellular respiration, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the
Web Code as follows: cbn-3091.
For links on the Krebs cycle, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter the
Web Code as follows: cbn-3092.
Interest Grabber Answers
1. How does your body feel at the start of exercise, such as a long, slow
run? How do you feel 1 minute into the run; 10 minutes into the run?
Students may answer that they feel no fatigue at the start of a run; however,
after 1 minute and more so after 10 minutes, they are breathing hard, their
heart rate has increased significantly, and their muscles may hurt.
2. What do you think is happening in your cells to cause the changes
in how you feel?
Students may say that the increase in heart rate and breathing rate are a
response that gets extra oxygen to the cells. The pain may be attributed to
the cells becoming fatigued.
3. Think about running as fast as you can for 100 meters. Could you
keep up this pace for a much longer distance? Explain your answer.
Students may know that very high levels of performance can be sustained
only very briefly even among the best of athletes. Students may say that the
body runs out of readily available energy, food, or oxygen, or that the body
builds up too many waste products in the cells.
Interest Grabber Answers
1. Obtain two sheets of paper and a metric ruler. What is the surface area of
the paper?
The area will vary depending on the size of paper used. A sheet of
notebook paper has an area of approximately 600 cm3.
2. Roll one sheet of paper into a tube lengthwise. What is the surface area of
the rolled paper?
The surface area is the same as the original sheet of paper.
3. Fold the second sheet of paper into a fan. Then, roll the first
sheet of paper around the folded paper so it is inside the rolled paper.
What has happened to the surface area of the inside of the rolled paper?
The surface area has increased (surface area of rolled paper + surface
area of folded paper).
4. What would be the value of increasing the surface area of the membrane
inside a mitochondrion?
Increasing the surface area increases the amount of space
where chemical reactions can take place.
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