Transcript Annular Detector Gamma Cameras

Annular Detector Gamma Cameras
Vadim L. Gayshan, M.S.E.E.
7/17/2015
ScintiTech Inc., USA
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Agenda

Overview
 CERASPECT 3000 – first truly digital
3D SPECT camera for brain imaging
 Possible Applications and New
Developments as a subject for collaboration
 World Market
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Overview
– Principal idea
– Ring crystal vs. rotating head gamma camera
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Principal Idea
Subject being
imaged (cylinder)
Reconst ruct ed Image (circle, 1 of 64)
Transaxial Slice
Cry stal
Sagit tal Slice
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Reconst ruct ed Image
(Rectangle, 1 of 128)
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Coronal Slice
Reconst ruct ed Image
(Rectangle, 1 of 128)
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Principal Idea
Raw Data Generation
Cent er Line (Tubes 0,1,2)
Cent er Line
(Tubes 0,1,2)
Cent er Line
(Tubes 0,1,2)
64
0
0
512
Linear V iew of the Crystal (unrolled)
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Ring crystal vs. rotating head gamma
camera
1. Higher resolution and sensitivity
2. Artifact free imaging
3. Anxiety-free patient environment
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Artifact free imaging
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CERASPECT 3000 – first truly digital 3D
SPECT camera for brain imaging

Design and operation:
– Annular NaI(Tl) crystal
– Image acquiring electronics
– Chair and gantry motions

Software.
 Clinical.
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Design and operation
Annular NaI(Tl) crystal
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Design and operation
Signal Processing
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Design and operation
Ke ypad,
Hand Control
Hig h/Low Speed
Laser
MC
Board
IN/OUT
Rel ays
Contr ol
Gantr y
UP/DOWN
Rel ays
Gantr y
Rotati on
Rel ays
Gantr y
UP/DOWN
Motor
Gantr y
Rotati on
Motor
IN/OUT
Motor
Cont rol Volt age
Chair Si gnal s, High/Low Speed
Direction
AC
Signal
Pow er
24 VDC INC/REC
Systems
3 ø AC INC/REC
Systems
SIN/ COS Pot
Auxiliar y
MC Board
±12 VDC
24 VDC
Patient Positioning
In clin e/R ecl ine mo tors ar e e ithe r 24 VD C o r
3- Pha se AC un its. DC sy ste ms ha ve a
motor sp eed co ntr ol a nd 2 d rive re lay s
in stal led in th e c ha ir c has sis . AC s ystems
ha ve a r elay at the ba se of th e h oriz on tal
dr ive to s witch the 3-p ha se AC driv er outp ut
be twe en the 2 c ha ir moto rs. DC sy ste ms
ca n u se Aux ilia ry MC bo ard Re v. A or B.
AC sy ste ms mu st use Re v. B.
Chair
INC/ REC
Motor
Chair
UP/DOWN
Motor
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INC/ REC
Speed Control
INC/ REC
Relaysl
Chair
INC/ REC
Motor
AC Drive
Rel ay
CAMAC
Rotation
Limit Switches
Bowl Di recti on
24 VDC
IN/OUT
Speed
Contr ol
DAC
Bowl Dir ecti on, POSIT
Motion OK
Signals
3-Phase
AC Drive
AC
Chair
UP/DOWN
Motor
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Software
Display Capability
 Display and compare multiple files from multiple patients or follow up studies
 Simple and intuitive display formatting (complete user control )
 Easy control of on-screen image zooming
 Full support for most European extended character sets
 Overlap simultaneous display two images from same patient
 Simple user-defined color scales
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Software

Coregistration
Coregisters using brain contours
Markers for automatic co-registration
 Automated ROI drawing
 I123- receptor quantification (lida, Lassen method)
Threshold-based
Draw cold and hot ROI regions
 TI 201 - tumor evaluation (works-in-progress with Brigham and
Women's Hospital)
Loop through multiple thresholds automatically
 Tc 99m -HMPAO linearization
Automatic segmentation into multiple ROls
 ROI Analysis
Works on dynamic and static studies
Output in text or plot formats
Large set of analysis methods: counts, averages, curve-fits, histograms,
asymmetric index, profiles, ...
Output format conversions to cm, square cm, cubic cm, cpm
Scatter and Penetration correction
Unique scatter correction method
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Unique penetration correction method (for I123)
Simple-to-use scatter methods ensures clinical utility
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Software
Acquisition
 32 multiple windows for multiple isotopes, scattercorrection research
 Dynamic acquisitions
133-Xenon rCBF
ACQUISITION
 True continuous acquisition without collimator reversal
 Variable time-length studies
True continuous acquisition without collimator reversal
Minimum scan time - 3 seconds.
-short studies: Kanno-Lassen images
-long studies: grey and white matter flows
Simple mechanics minimizes equipment failures during
long dynamic experiments.
 Acquire using inhalation or I.V. administration
 Patient positioning using markers or visual
 Probe data from either or both lung probe and expired air
 Simple multiple-window scatter and penetration
protocols
PROCESSING
 Kanno-Lassen and Obrist calculations
 User control of details of Kanno-Lassen method such as early
picture high flow cutoff.
 User-editing of air and lung probe data
 Air passage artifact detection, removal
 Automated measurement of lung-brain physiological delay
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Software
Calibrations
 All digital camera supports software calibrations
 All calibrations available to user
 Routine calibrations that are required are short, easy to perform
 Calibrations can be performed with variety of radioisotopes (Tc 99m, Co 57, Tl201..)
 Automatic saving of complete history of gains of each (PM) photomultiplier, and other system
information.
Service
 Digital camera software with multi-channel analyzer input to each PM signal.
 Complete collimator motor diagnostics
 Software history of PM performance.
Networking
 Read/write/display files in Interfile format
Output
 Read/write/display files in DICOM format
 TIFF file conversion for use with desktop publishing
 Read/write/display files in TIFF format
 Readability of files in most other 'flat-file'
formats
 Conforms to worldwide standards for PC
networking
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
These are 5.0 mm. thick transaxial slices from a 72-year-old normal male.
Brain SPECT images from the CERASPECT were performed using a 30 minute, 128 x 128 matrix, 64 slices
1.66 mm thick. Tc99m-HMPAO images were acquired with photopeak and scatter connections.
(Images courtesy of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Basem Garada, M.D. and B.
Leonard Holman, M.D.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
These are transaxial slices of sequential brain
SPECT studies done post i.v. injection of 3
mCi of TI-201 and 20 mCi of Tc-99m-HMPAO.
They were taken on a 44-year-old female who
had been discovered to have a glioblastoma
in her right posterior frontal cortex. Surgury
and radiotherapy were performed, with follow
up radiotherapy 4 months later. This SPECT
scan was done one year post-surgury due to
recurrent attacks of seisures.
Her TI-201 study showed two foci of abnormal
high thallium uptake involving the right frontal
cortex and right occipital cortex; these two
focal areas are found to have increased rCBF
as seen on the HMPAO brain SPECT study.
Her brain SPECT studies were superimposed
and resliced to T2 MRI images taken the
same day of her SPECT
Brain SPECT images from the CERASPECT were performed using a 30 minute, 128 x 128 matrix,
64 slices 1.66 mm. thick. Tc99m-HMPAO images were acquired with photopeak and scatter corrections.
TI201 images were acquired with photopeak only
(Images courtesy of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Basem Garada, M.D. and B.
Leonard Holman, M.D.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
Alzheimer's Disease
These are transaxial slices 5 mm thick for a 64 year old male. His brain SPECT study was done because
he was complaining of memory loss for the last three years.
Brain SPECT images from the CERASPECT were performed using a 30 minute, 128 x 128 matrix, 64
slices 1.66 mm thick. TC99m-HMPAO images were acquired with photopeak and scatter corrections.
(Images courtesy of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Basem Garada, M.D. and B.
Leonard Holman, M.D.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
These are transaxial slices of a baseline and
activated-with-Diamox brain SPECT studies done on a
63-year-old female who had a history of a transient
ischemic attack three days prior to the brain SPECT
studies.
Her brain SPECT data sets were superimposed and
resliced with her T2 MRI images done at the time of
the attack. Her brain SPECT post-Diamox infusion
showed reduced vascular reserve in the left internal
carotid artery area distribution (reduced blood flow to
the entire left MCA and left ACA territories). Her
angiogram done four days post SPECT studies
showed total occlusion of the internal carotid artery at
its origin.
Brain SPECT images from the CERASPECT were performed using a 30 minute, 128 x 128 matrix, 64 slices
1.66 mm. thick. Tc99m-HMPAO images were acquired with photopeak and scatter connections.
(Images courtesy of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Basem Garada, M.D. and B.
Leonard Holman, M.D.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
I123-b-CIT Dopamine Transporter Imaging for an Alcoholism Research Study
(Image courtesy of Dr. Richard Coppola at the National Institute of Mental Health in Washington,
D.C.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
I123-QNB Receptor Imaging for an Alzheimer's Disease Study
(Image courtesy of Dr. Richard Coppola at the National Institute of Mental Health in Washington,
D.C.)
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Interesting Brain SPECT Images from CERASPECT
axial view
coronal view
An 82 year old female with no significant past medical history presented with a 2 year history of slowly progressive
decline, initially mainly short term memory loss. However the decline recently accelerated, especially due to severe
word finding and orientation difficulties, visual and auditory hallucinations.
A brain SPECT study axial and coronal views revealed bilateral temporo-parietal perfusion defects, which were
more prominent in the left hemisphere. These findings indicate the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.
(Images courtesy of Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, Alexander Matthies, MD
Finn Mannting, MD, PhD )
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LIST OF CASES
1.
Depression
2.
Herpes simplex encephalitis
3.
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Epilepsy: baseline and post-activation imaging
with ECD
Alzheimer's disease
18.
Chronic fatigue syndrome (case 1)
4.
Cocaine abuse (case 1: continued abuse)
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AIDS dementia complex
5.
Astrocytoma
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Chronic fatigue syndrome (case 2)
6.
? Pick's disease/ ? Alzheimer's dementia
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Pick's disease
7.
Stroke: Crossed cerebellar diaschisis
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Glioblastoma multiforme
8.
Superficial trauma with primary brain tumor
9.
Multi-infarct (vascular) dementia
10.
Diamox interventional study
11.
Lyme disease
12.
Stroke: Luxury perfusion
13.
Recurrent metastatic melanoma
14.
Cocaine abuse (case 2: abstinence)
15.
Familial alternating hemiplegia
16.
Parkinson's disease dementia
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Possible Applications and New Developments
PET/SPECT Tutorial
SPECT
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PET
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Possible Applications and New Developments
Proprietary Opportunities
We offer :
• World’s first SPECT imaging of isolated breast
• World’s first nuclear image-guided-biopsy
• World’s first annular brain SPECT and PET hybrid
• World’s most sensitive brain SPECT
• World’s first portable brain SPECT and PET
• Higher performance and lower cost whole-body PET
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Possible Applications and New Developments
Whole-body Imaging
OpetTM
- Higher Performing Annular PET
Narrower scintillation light spread
• Higher light collection efficiency
• Higher counting rate
• Higher spatial resolution
• Higher energy resolution
Thicker crystal and higher packing fraction
• Higher sensitivity
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Possible Applications and New Developments
Breast Imaging
MammOspectTM - 3D breast tumor imaging
•
Isolated SPECT imaging of “whole” breast
•
Higher sensitivity and specificity
•
Stable and dependable
•
80 - 90% smaller tumor detection
MammOcamTM - image-guided biopsy add-on
•
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unique follow-up to image findings
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Possible Applications and New Developments
MammOspect
MammOcore
MammOspect - More accurately detect 80-90% smaller tumors.
MammOcore - Image-guided biopsy (or radio-opaque localizer )
low cost add-on
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Possible Applications and New Developments
Brain Imaging
NeurOscopeTM - High sensitivity CeraspectTM replacement
• Low-cost high sensitivity portable camera
• Offered as SPECT or with added PET upgrade
• Three-fold improved sensitivity for PD and ADHD
diagnoses
• Stable and dependable operation
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Possible Applications and New Developments
NeurOtome – dedicated brain SPECT/PET hybrid
• Outperforms all SPECT and PET cameras
• Over 3x sensitivity for PD and ADHD
• Portable for auxiliary use in ER
• Artifact free
• Reliable
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•A Revitalizing Market
- new therapeutic interventions expand
market
- new diagnostic pharmaceuticals
expand market
- portable “point and shoot” focuses
market
- extraordinary sensitivity focuses market
• High sensitivity requirements for ADHD
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Possible Applications and New Developments

CERASPECT on wheels
 Portable brain imager for emergency room
 3D SPECT mammography
 Brain and Mammo SPECT scanners with
CPET option
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CERASPECT on wheels
- No Compromises -
The mobile chair/gantry assembly
possesses the same range of motion as a
fixed location hospital setup.
Combined with the rear lift gate and
wide back door, this allows for fast
setup and easy access for patients with
disabilities, or on a standard hospital
stretcher.
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A fully functional data processing
center with high quality image
printing provides scan results
within 5 to 10 minutes after
completion of the procedure.
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Certified chemistry lab for
preparation of Tc99m-HMPAO
and other drug prior to
administration.
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Subject for collaboration
Design and manufacturing
ultra-high resolution and
variable sensitivity
collimators for SPECT
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Liquid interfaced NaI(Tl)
crystal based gamma camera
detector heads
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Subject for collaboration
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Subject for collaboration
Add text here
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World Market
Nuclear Medicine Equipment Market*
Millions of $
2000
2005
SPECT
$670
$760
30% with CD capability in 2000
PET
$135
$215
*Frost & Sullivan
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Summary
Unique Unified Technology
•
•
•
•
Versatility
Performance
Cost
Proprietary
Market Direction
•
•
•
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Annular PET - fastest growing market
Annular brain imaging - revitalizing market
3-D breast imaging - emerging market
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Thank you!
Copies of this presentation is available on request
[email protected]
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