Transcript The Face and Facial Expression

The Face and Facial Expression
235 Human Anatomy
Dr Stuart Bunt
Visual Inspection
The muscles of the lips

Orbicularis oris
– sphincter muscle of the mouth

Elevators of the upper lip
–
–
–
–
Zygomaticus minor
Levator labii superioris
Nasalis
Zygomaticus major
Depressors of the lips


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
Depressor labii
inferioris
Platysma
Depressor anguli
oris
Mentalis
Retractors of the angle of the
mouth




Zygomaticus
major
Depressor anguli
oris
Risorius
Platysma
Muscles attached to the nose

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Nasalis
Levator labii,
superioris alaeque
nasi
Levator labii
superioris
Zygomaticus minor
Procerus
Muscles around the orbit and ear

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
Orbicularis oculi
– orbital
– palpebral
Depressor supercilli
Corrugator supercilli
Temporoparietalis
Procerus
Occipito frontalis
– frontalis
Problems with eye closure
7th nerve paralysis
General paralysis
Nerve Supply


Entirely by 7th Nerve
Entirely motor
– except taste from ant
2/3 of tongue


Also supplies tensor
tympani of same side
NOT upper eyelid
– 3rd Nerve
The Facial Nerve

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
Auditory and facial
nerve enter internal
auditory canal
Fibres leave for
Pterygo-palatine
ganglion/otic ganglion
External petrosal
nerve
Chorda tympani to
tongue
Through facial canal
in mastoid
Clinical Evaluation

“Upper Motor
Neuron”
– cortex controls lower
opposite face
– forehead and eye
closure dual
consensual reflexes

“Lower Motor
Neuron”
– all muscles on one
side affected
– taste affected
7th nerve damage

Bell’s palsy
–
–
–
–
–
pain around ear
no sensory impairment
complete palsy
rapid recovery(2-8wks)
Entrapment in facial
canal after infection?
– steroids in severe cases
where taste affected
Other 7th nerve lesions

Ramsay-Hunt
syndrome
– Herpes Zoster of 7th
nerve
– very severe pain in ear
– vescicles
– poor recovery

Hemifacial spasm
– irritation of nerve by
blood vessel?