Transcript Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns

Demonstrative
Adjectives
Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns
DEMONSTRATE = show/point out.
Which flag? – THIS flag.
English has two sets of demonstrative
adjectives/pronouns:
Do you want
THIS apple? 
No, I want THAT
apple.
But what if there are TWO apples?
You wouldn’t say, “I want this apples” or
“I want that apples.”
In English, you have to change demonstrative adjectives to
make them agree in number with the noun:
I want THIS apple. BUT . . . I want THESE apples.
I want THAT apple. BUT . . . I want THOSE apples.
Spanish Demonstrative Adjectives:
masculine singular
feminine singular
masculine plural
feminine plural
este (this)
esta (this)
estos (these)
estas (these)
ese (that)
esa (that)
esos (those)
esas (those)
If it has a t, it’s close to me.
If it has a t, then it’s touchable.
Guess what: Spanish has THREE
demonstrative adjectives:
Do you want this apple?
¿Quieres esta manzana?
No. I want that apple.
No. Quiero esa manzana.
Do you want that apple?
¿Quieres esa manzana?
No. I want that apple way over there.
No. Quiero aquella manzana.
este, esta, estos, and estas are used to
point out nouns that are close to the
speaker and the listener
aquí - here
ese, esa, esos, and esas are used to
point out nouns that are not close in space
and time to the speaker.
They may, however, be close to the listener
allí - there
aquel, aquella, aquellos, and aquellas are
used to point out nouns that are far away
from the speaker and the listener.
allá – over there
aquí – here
allí – there
allá – way over there
Demonstrative
Pronouns
What we’ve discussed so far is demonstrative ADJECTIVES.
Adjectives describe nouns:
Quiero esta manzana. – I want this apple.
Now we’ll talk about demonstrative PRONOUNS.
Pronouns take the place of nouns:
No quiero esta manzana; quiero ésa.
I don’t want this apple; I want that one.
Demonstrative pronouns have ACCENTS!
If there’s a noun after it, it’s an adjective;
if there’s not, it’s a pronoun.
I want that one.
Quiero ese uno
Quiero ése.
Quiero ese libro. – Quiero ése.
I want that book. – I want that one.
Quiero esos libros. – Quiero ésos.
I want those books. – I want those.
Quiero aquella silla. – Quiero aquélla.
I want that chair way over there. – I want that one way
over there.
Quiero aquellas sillas. – Quiero aquéllas.
I want those chairs way over there. – I want those ones
way over there.
neuter pronouns
esto, eso, and aquello (no accent marks)
What “neuter” means in this case is that the pronoun
refers to an idea, not a thing:
I have two books. – I want that one.
Tengo dos libros. – Quiero ése.
In the above example, “ése” refers to “libro.”
Juan is my brother. – I didn’t know that.
Juan es mi hermano. – Yo no sabia eso.
In the above example, “eso” (“that”) doesn’t refer to an object; it
refers to the fact that Juan is my brother. Since you don’t have a
masculine or feminine object that the pronoun refers to, you use
the neuter form.
Practice:
esta
estos
aquellos
esa
esos
aquel
estas
aquellas