Transcript Slide 1

International
Labour
Office
A Social Protection Floor for all:
The UN initiatives and
International agendas
Mariko Ouchi
ILO Decent Work Team and Country Office
for Eastern Europe and Central Asia
15 April 2011
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
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A UN System Emergency response to the crisis
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In April 2009, the UN Chief Executives
Board (CEB) agreed on nine joint
initiatives to confront the crisis, accelerate
recovery and pave the way for a fairer and
more sustainable globalization:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Additional financing for the most vulnerable
Food Security
Trade
A Green Economy Initiative
A Global Jobs Pact
A Social Protection Floor
Humanitarian, Security and Social Stability
Technology and Innovation
Monitoring and Analysis
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SPF: concept and definition
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The SPF Initiative aims at joint global and
local UN action to promote access to
essential services and social transfers for
the poor and vulnerable.
It includes:
–
–
A basic set of essential social rights and
transfers, in cash and in kind, to provide
minimum income and livelihood security for poor
and vulnerable populations and to facilitate
access to essential services, such as health care
Geographical and financial access to essential
services, such as health, water and sanitation,
education, social work
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Focus areas and main target groups of the SPF
Rights &
transfers
to guarantee
access for
Basic
health
services
Education
Food
security
nutrition
Water
sanitation
Housing
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Other social
services as
defined by
national
priorities …
Children
People in active age
groups with
insufficient income
from work
Unemployed
Older persons
and people with
disabilities
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Why SPF-I needed? - Problem of Coverage Gap:
those with the strongest needs are most often
uncovered

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Coverage has two dimensions:
– Horizontal – who is covered?
– Vertical – how adequate are the benefits and services
provided?
In case of social security……

Lower income countries: huge horizontal coverage gap (majority
of the world’s population uncovered) but even those minority
groups covered are not covered adequately (scope of benefits
narrow and level/quality low)

Higher income countries: still exist here and there gaps in
horizontal coverage (domestic workers, temporary workers) and
issues in vertical coverage (like inadequate benefits for those
with short or broken careers as a result of some recent pension
reforms)
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Social protection development staircase:
Social Security Dimension within the SPF-I
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Voluntary insurance
Mandatory social insurance/social security benefits
of guaranteed levels for contributors
THE FLOOR: Four essential guarantees
Access to essential health care for all
income security
children
assistance
unemployed and poor
income security
elderly and disabled
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Social Protection Floor – Key actors
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At country level, the Initiative is owned/supported by:

Government institutions: ministries of labour, health, finance, agriculture,
social security insitutions, etc.

Non-governmental actors: social partners, national NGOs, etc.

UN country teams
It is supported internationally through the:

Global advisory network of UN agencies: ILO, WHO, FAO, IMF,
OHCHR, UN Regional Commissions, UNAIDS, UNDP, UNDESA,
UNESCO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNHABITAT, UNHCR, UNODC, UNRWA,
WFP, WMO, World Bank

Development partners: Regional Development Banks, bilateral donors,
International NGOs

The definition transcends the mandate of any individual UN agency,
a coherent, system-wide approach is needed.
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
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Developments at country level by SPF activity
Raising
awareness
Burkina Faso
National
SPF Task
force
Social
protection
stocktaking
Elaboration
of measures
Analysis
Implementation
Monitoring
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Benin
Togo
Senegal
Rwanda
Cameroon
Mozambique
Ghana
Zambia
Haiti
Thailand
Cambodia
Viet Nam
Indonesia
Lao PDR
Argentina
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Vietnam: Analysis of cost to close the SPF Gap
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What else has been done so far? 3 things…

One:
Advocacy at global, regional, national
levels => e.g. UNCSocD Resolution 2010,
UN Millennium Summit, G8, G20, Yaounde
Triparite Declaration, South South
Dialogue, input to G20

Two:
Country operations in Cambodia, Burkina
Faso, Mozambique, Nepal, Togo,
Vietnam...and Armenia with other agencies
and IMF on basis of joint UN manual

Three:
High-level Social Protection Floor
Advisory Group established
under chairpersonship of Ms.
Michelle Bachelet
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What next?… at the UN
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Short to medium term:
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Training of planners

SPF-I Rapid Assessment to be carried out - to grasp
the overall picture on social security coverage and
raise inter-agency/ministerial discussion at the
national level – started in Armenia

Country projects to be started and expanded

SOUTH - SOUTH (East-East) learning dialogue
Long-term:

Concept to be anchored in official institutional
strategies of the UN agencies

This requires major campaign to defend minimum
national social protection floor budgets in a globalised
economy
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What needs to be discussed nationally?
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
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How can a realistic national strategy be defined?
How can/should a country establish its own benefit
priorities?
How can/should countries sequence initiatives in
relation to the social protection floor?
How should benefit levels be established taking into
account national poverty thresholds and prevailing
income levels?
How can fiscal space be preserved, freed, and/or
extended to ensure the financing of adequate
benefit levels?
How can the benefit mechanisms, which are
necessary to an effective guarantee under the
social protection floor concept, be promoted, at
both national and international levels?
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SPF-I : Links with DRR, applicability and
constraints in the context of Central Asia
(1)
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Links with DRR:
- Strongest in Food security (short-term & long term
impacts)
- Lesser extent in Energy and Water security & Natural
disasters
- As long as energy and water problems are more
based on the supply-side constraints and not based
on the purchasing power of individuals, links with
social protection is secondary/thirdly.
- If it is due to the lack of purchasing power of
individuals (extreme poor, vulnerable groups etc),
then, there is a clear link.
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SPF-I : Links with DRR, applicability and
constraints in the context of Central Asia
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(2) SPF-I: Applicability and constraints in the context of
Central Asia
Food security
- Direct impact to the people through price increase
Option: Indexation reflected to the cash benefits
- Fiscal space – are they affordable?
- Is annual indexation enough? (periodical review of
CPI baskets most likely needed)
- Priority of indexation – which cash benefits first?
(1) Means-tested benefits, basic pension
(2) Unemployment benefits
(3) Categorical benefits
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SPF-I : Links with DRR, applicability and
constraints in the context of Central Asia
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(2) SPF-I: Applicability and constraints in the context of
Central Asia
Water & Energy security
Main constraints: identification of beneficiaries
Cost of identifying beneficiaries > Benefit for the society
Another option for DRR: Social insurance for disaster/risk
compensation (national and private)
In link with SPF:
SPF needs to be designed for DRR-responsive framework
in order to cope with emergency situation – political
will/initiative and national consensus will be required!!!
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What next?… at the UN – draft workplan for 2011
Information/
Advocacy
Activity
Agencies involved
Updating the stocktaking
tables on country operations,
publications, tools, agencies
ILO, coalition
SPF Flagship Report
ILO, advisory
group, coalition
SPF Website
UNICEF, WHO,
ILO, coalition
Communication strategy
- Tailored to different target
audiences (by region and topic)
- Document showcases of SPF
country operations
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
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COM depts.
UNICEF/ ILO/
WHO/ HAI/
Coalition, Advisory
Group
- Translation of key SPF
documents into different
languages
Joint Coalition Statement
ILO, coalition
SPF News-E-mail
Data/Statistics Working
Group
Report back to UN – CEB and
Resident Coordinators/ UN
country teams (HLCP)
ILO, WB, ADB,
OECD, IMF,
UNICEF, EU,
coalition
WHO/ILO
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
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What next?… at the UN – draft workplan for 2011
Activity
Country/
Regional
Operations
Agencies
involved
Identify SPF Country Focal
Persons
UN agencies,
Advocacy with UN Country
teams, link to SPF into
UNDAF, Delivering as one and
MDG frameworks
UN agencies,
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
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coalition
Coalition,
country teams
Establish links with regional
civil society SP platforms/
groups
HAI, coalition
Assessment Dialogues
- 7 initial countries
Country teams
Costing Tool Application
- 6 initial countries
Country teams
Fiscal Space Analysis
IMF/ILO,
Coalition
Assist implementation of SPF
at national levels (along the
steps detailed in the Manual)
Organize regional/ national
SPF events
SPF country
teams, Coalition
Country teams
The ILO Global Campaign to Extend Social Security to All
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What next?… at the UN – draft workplan for 2011
Capacity
Building
Secretariat
Activity
Agencies
involved
Joint SPF Trainings
ITC/ILO,
coalition
Develop Training strategy for
different levels (school,
university, UN, national)
ITC/ILO, coalition
South South Learning
ILO NY, UNDPSUSSC, coalition
Reporting
ILO/WHO,
coalition
Collection/dissemination of
information
ILO/WHO,
coalition
Coordination of Technical
Support
ILO/WHO,
coalition
Resource mobilization
strategy
ILO/WHO,
coalition
Organize workshop to develop
-
Communication
Strategy
-
Training Strategy
-
Coalition Statement
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
July
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
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Office
Dec
ILO, coalition
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International
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Office
Thank you very much !!!
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