Transcript Chapter 8

Management Information Systems,
Sixth Edition
Chapter 8:
The Web-Enabled Enterprise
Objectives
• Describe how the Web and high-speed Internet
connections are changing business operations
• Explain the functionality of various Web
technologies
• Compare and contrast options for Web servers
• Explain basic business-to-business and
business-to-consumer practices on the Web
• Explain the relationship between Web
technologies and supply chain management
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Objectives (continued)
• Give examples of features and services that
successful business Web sites offer
• Learn about online annoyances such as spam
and adware, and how to protect against online
identity theft
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Web Business: Growing and Changing
• DLA Piper LLP is the second largest law firm in
the world
– 3200 lawyers in 24 countries and 63 offices
around the world
– Uses eRoom, a Web-based collaboration and
document-sharing tool from EMC Corp.
– Saves 15,000 labor hours annually, uses and
mails significantly fewer paper documents, and
reduces redundant work
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Web Technologies: A Review
• Several standards and technologies enable the
Web to deliver rich information, including:
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HTTP, HTML, XML
File Transfer
RSS
Blogs
Wikis
Podcasting
IM
Cookies
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HTTP
• Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP): transfer
and download Web information
• HTTPS: HTTP secure for confidential data
exchange
• Uniform Resource Locator (URL): unique
address given to each Web site
– IP address: a special numeric address
• Domain name: unique name for a Web site,
constructed with letters
– URL also refers to the domain name
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HTML and XML
• Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): helps
developer create Web pages
– Determines look and location of content
• Extensible Markup Language (XML): enables
creation of various data types
– Conveys the meaning or content of the data
• XHTML: combination of XML and HTML
– Uses opening and closing tags to control format
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File Transfer
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP): used to transmit
whole files
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Used in all downloads from Web sites
Any type of file can be transferred
Can place files on a server for shared use
Often used to deliver purchased software
products on Web sites
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RSS
• Really Simple Syndication (RSS): family of
XML file formats that allow automatic downloads
of content on a subscription basis
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Helps users check for updates
Communicates short descriptions of content
Allows transmittal of new information
Useful on news Web sites
Also called Rich Site Summary
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Blogs
• Blog: contraction of “Web log”
– Invites surfers to post opinions and art
– Focuses on a topic or set of topics
– Trackback: a tool that notifies bloggers when
their posts have been mentioned elsewhere on
the Web
• Blogs are often used by businesses
• Importance of blogs to commercial organizations
is to find out what blog participants think and say
about the organization
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Wikis
• Wiki (from Hawaiian, meaning “quick”): Web
application that enables users to add to and edit
the contents of Web pages
– All the software required to edit the Web pages is
embedded in the pages themselves
• Wikipedia: a popular online encyclopedia
• Wiki technology is a popular ingredient in
groupware (software used for collaboration)
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Podcasting
• Podcast: publishing sound and video on the
Web for download
– Usually on a subscription basis
• Uses include:
– “Time-shifted” broadcast of radio station
programs for later listening
– Audio tours in museums
– Lectures in distance learning courses
– Garageband.com
• Allows aspiring musicians to post music tracks
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Activity on Twitter and Blogging
• Create a Twitter account if you have one.
•Follow our own CIS Account CIS-COM or find CISCOM96941
•Follow two people/organization that has to do with technologies
•Follow 1 celebrity that you like
•Follow 1 person/organization that has to with Micronesia
•Tweet something about yourself
•Response/Reply to my tweet for today.
•Read some article in one of the account about technology that you
have followed.
•Tweet something about it.
•Retweet any tweet that you like to re-tweet
•Post your experience at www.blogger.com (a Google email account
is more preferable to login here). Make sure that you put your name
on your blog.
•Send your blog link to [email protected] with the title
My Blog – Your name follows
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Instant Messaging
• Instant messaging (IM): real-time chat
– Form of synchronized e-mail
– Chat room: communicate with a group
– Free applications for IM include:
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AIM: AOL instant Messenger
Yahoo Messenger
MSN Messenger
ICQ
Trillian
– Business uses
• Customers can chat with sales or support reps
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Cookies
• Cookie: small file that stores information about a
Web site visitor, stored on the visitor’s computer
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Usually records the surfer’s ID
Often stores the surfer’s preferences
Provides convenience to consumers
Can be temporary (single session) or permanent
Potential for intrusion into surfer privacy
• Clickstream tracking: tracks a surfer’s clicking
activities
• Spyware: traces and reports online behavior
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Proprietary Technologies
• Proprietary technology: intellectual property of
developer, not free for all to use
• Examples:
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Local search engine
Shopping cart applications
Wish lists
Video streaming tools
Tools to analyze and predict Web visitor
behavior, especially shopper behavior
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Web-Enabled Business
• Web-enabled business are classified according
to the interacting parties:
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Business-to-business (B2B)
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Government-to-business
Government-to-consumer
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B2B Trading
• Business-to-business (B2B): trading between
businesses only
• B2B forms include advertising through:
– Search advertising: advertisements placed on a
search site result page
– Banners: images placed on Web sites that link to
a company site selling a product or service
• Impression: occurs when a page with a banner
is downloaded
• Reach percentage: the percentage of Web
users who visited a site in the past month
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B2B Trading (continued)
• Exchanges and auctions act as online
marketplaces
• Intranet: network used only by employees of an
organization
• Extranet: network shared by employees of
different organizations, usually business partners
• Exchange: extranet for organizations that deal in
products and services of a particular type
– Exchange operator profits from transaction fees
• Auction: sells a great variety of items
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B2B Trading (continued)
• Online business alliances: collaboration
between businesses in establishing a Web site
– Site operator works for the allied companies
– Suppliers are invited to sell through the site and
compete among themselves, driving prices down
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B2C Trading
• Business-to-consumer (B2C): trading with the
general public
• E-Tailing: online retailing to consumers
• Fulfillment activities: picking, packing, shipping
• Consumer profiling: know customers better by
gathering information about their online activities
– Some consider this a violation of privacy
• Conversion rate: the proportion of site visitors
who make a purchase
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B2C Trading (continued)
• Auction sites serve as a hub for consumers to
buy and sell
• Reverse auction: customers name their own
price for desired goods and services
• Content providers: offer information, artistic
work, classified ads, and video
• Electronic bill presentment and payment
(EBBP): provides online bills and payment
options for customers
• Phishing: type of fraud involving a fake Web
site
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Detecting Fraud
•Go to www.staysecureonline.com
•Click the Staying Safe Online
•Do Practice Lap first
•Then do the Actual Race
•Make a blog of what you learn on how to do detect Fraudulent
websites online
•Post your blog link on the my Twitter account under the header
“Post your Detecting Fraud Online blog here”
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B2C Trading (continued)
• Extra-organizational workforce:
– Companies purchase labor from a larger pool
• Mobile commerce, or M-commerce:
– Business conducted on mobile devices
• Many experts believe that information delivery is
the main mobile application, not commerce
– Exceptions are Japan and South Korea
– Japan’s DoCoMo’s i-mode service allows users of
smart cell phones to purchase canned soda from
vending machines, fast food
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B2C Trading (continued)
• M-commerce also raises privacy concerns
– GPS provides location tracking
• New top-level domain names with .mobi
available for mobile applications
– Sites should use special technologies to optimize
content for easy viewing on mobile devices
• Virtual world: a combination of images, video,
sound, and avatars that resemble the real world
– Accessible for interaction by subscribers
• Avatar: 3D graphical character that represents a
user in a virtual world
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Supply Chains on the Web
• Supply chain management (SCM) systems may
be connected to the Web to allow suppliers to
participate directly
– Use of XML allows companies to set standards
for data exchange
• Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): a system
used prior to the Web to exchange documents
electronically
– Set standards for data formats
– EDI networks are owned and managed by valueadded network (VAN) companies
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E-Commerce is Every Commerce
• Web technologies have been highly integrated
into the business world
– Difficult to identify which business activities are
on the Internet and which are not
• Web has been highly integrated into daily
activities of customers also
• Commerce and e-commerce generally have the
same meaning today
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Final Project
• Go to www.mockflow.com and register
• Design your own version of www.comfsm.fm
website.
• Team up with one person on how you are going to
design it.
• Presentation would be on Friday (Dec 7, 2012)
• Be ready to defend on your own design
• Criteria for scoring:
• Creativity (40%)
• Usability (30%)
• Teamwork (30%)
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Summary
• Some industries have changed drastically
because of the Web
• HTTP is an Internet standard controlling Web
server addresses
• HTTPS is a security version of HTTP
• XML is a standard for description of data
• Blogs enable people to create discussion Web
pages
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Summary (continued)
• Cookies help Web sites personalize the visitor’s
experience
• Many Web technologies are proprietary
• A business can maintain its own Web server or
use a Web hosting service
• Organizations should consider several factors
when selecting a Web host
• Web-enabled commerce is classified into B2B
and B2C
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Summary (continued)
• B2B trading relies on electronic data interchange
(EDI) and XML
• Wireless handheld computers allow mobile
commerce, called m-commerce
• Online businesses must adhere to several factors
to be successful
• Virtual worlds provide a means to meet and
conduct business and social activities on the Web
• Spam and spyware are online annoyances
• Phishing is a pervasive fraud crime
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