Transcript Document

Integrated Global Observing
Strategy (IGOS)
Geohazards
Hormoz Modaressi
BRGM-French Geological Survey
Presentation Outline
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Introduction to the IGOS partnership
IGOS Geohazards: Past work and current status
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A brief history of IGOS Geohazards
Context
Objectives
Strategy
Method
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups
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Working Groups
Expected Outputs
Future actions ...
Integrated Global Observing Strategy (IGOS)
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Partnership of international organisations concerned with global
environmental change issues created in 1998
http://www.igospartners.org
International Organisations concerned by IGOS
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CEOS
FAO
GCOS
GOOS
GTOS
ICSU
IGPB
IGFA
IOC
UNEP
UNESCO
WCRP
WMO
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Committee of Earth Observation Satellites
Food and Agriculture Organization
Global Climate Observing System
Global Ocean Observing System
Global Terrestrial Observing System
International Council for Science
International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme
Int'l Group of Funding Agencies for Global Change Res.
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission
United Nations Environment Programme
United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
World Climate Research Programme
World Meteorological Organization
The IGOS Theme concept
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“Theme” approach allows for a coherent definition
and development of an overall global strategy for
observing selected fields of common interest among
a group of the IGOS partners.
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The Ocean Theme
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The Global Carbon Theme
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The Global Water Cycle Theme
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The Geohazards Theme
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The Atmospheric Chemistry Theme
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The Coastal Theme
IGOS-Geohazards
IGOS-Geohazards is concerned by all natural hazards
that originate from the Solid Earth such as
Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Ground Instabilities (i.e.
landslides, subsidence, collapse, rock falls,
shrinkage/swelling of soils, etc…) but also Tsunamis
IGOS Geohazards: past work and current status
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UNESCO, CEOS and ICSU initiated and scoped the IGOS
Geohazards Theme in 2001.
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An Ad-hoc Working Group was formed, held an
international workshop in Frascati (Rome), and delivered a
proposal to the IGOS partnership in May 2002.
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The resulting IGOS Geohazards Theme Team delivered
a Theme Report to the IGOS Partners in May 2003.
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Following an international peer review, the Geohazards
Theme Report was published in April 2004.
http://www.igosgeohazards.org
IGOS Geohazards: Context (1/3)
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Theme report proposed a strategy structured by five
elements of critical importance to the Geohazards:
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Underpinning Science
Observations
Modelling and Integration
Infrastructure and Access
Capacity Building
One recommendation was the setting up of a
Geohazards Bureau to monitor and coordinate
implementation
The IGOS Geohazards Bureau created by the BRGM
(French Geological Survey) and the European Space
Agency (ESA) in last quarter 2004 initially for a three year
period ([email protected]).
IGOS Geohazards: Context (2/3)
> GEOSS : Global Earth Observation System of
Systems
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Newly established GEOSS Secretariat in Geneva
Geohazards included in the “Disasters” Societal Benefit Area,
which is of paramount importance for GEOSS.
> National, Regional and International initiatives
> Proposals from learned international associations
IGOS Geohazards: Context (3/3)
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Recent tragedies:
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Bam Earthquake : about 40 000 killed (Dec 2003)
Indian Ocean Tsunami : more than 200 000 killed (Dec 2004)
Frequent disasters:
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Landslides, rock avalanches, debris flows, …
Moderate earthquakes and volcanic eruptions
Subsidence
Swelling- Shrinkage of Clays
together with concentration
of populations in risk prone areas
IGOS Geohazards: Objectives (1/3)
1- Bring together the actors from the Geohazards
community across different disciplines (Earthquakes,
Volcanoes, Ground Movement) and methods (in-situ
measurements - remote sensing, modeling,...) with
the aim of
– stimulating co-operation
– generating synergy
IGOS Geohazards: Objectives (2/3)
2- Gather information on the state of the art in
– observations
– modelling, data analysis
– infrastructure and data dissemination
– capacity building
This information will come from the community
and be made available to the community (via
the web).
IGOS Geohazards: Objectives (3/3)
3- Evaluate gaps between existing and needed tools with
respect to
– observations
– modelling, data analysis
– infrastructure and data dissemination
– capacity building
for all Geohazards
4- Establish priorities
5- Provide recommendations for filling gaps in an optimal way
IGOS Geohazards: Strategy (1/2)
1- GeoHazNet : a Geohazards Network
• A forum within which the Geohazard related disciplines can meet, exchange and
propose joint projects
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A cross-disciplinary approach with continental and sub-continental ramifications (Africa,
Asia, Australia, Europe, Middle East, North and South America)
Hazard Focused (as compared to International Associations such as):
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International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (IASPEI),
International Association for Earthquake Engineering (IAEE).
International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI),
International Consortium on Landslides (ICL),
International Society of Soils Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE),
International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM),
International Union of Soil Sciences (IUSS),
International Union of Geological Sciences (IUGS),
International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment (IAEG),
International Association for Mathematical Geology, (IAMG),
International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics (IUGG),
International Geographical Union (IGU),
Etc…
IGOS Geohazards: Strategy (2/2)
2- Provide the infrastructure for stimulating co-operation and
generating synergy by means of :
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working groups
events such as international workshops, ….
website and other dissemination activities
3- Promote results through information dissemination among
end-users, decision makers and other dedicated structures
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups
> Science : the state of the art and attended evolution
> Observations: existing and expected observing tools
> Infrastructure: structures/techniques for
data/information storage/dissemination
> Integration: data processing, interpretation,
modeling, fusion..
> Capacity Building: facilitating knowledge transfer
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups (detailed 1/5)
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Science
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Addresses principally the fundamental research and
provides input for Observations and Integration WGs
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• fundamental research to identify the measurement of new
parameters that may help improve understanding of
Geohazards phenomena
• fundamental research into modeling or data fusion for the
generation of information products
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups (detailed 2/5)
> Observations
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Addresses principally observing tools, their accuracy and
other characteristics (frequency, …)
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• satellite, in-situ and airborne data that is used for Geohazard
mitigation
• Mainly in-field measurements building on already extensive
work on satellite based data
• data as being “well-established” not experimental in nature this is included in Science WG
but
• the synergy generated between different data types is NOT
considered here but in Integration WG
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups (detailed 3/5)
> Infrastructure
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Addresses principally the support structures and
techniques
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• Structures and techniques that allow dissemination of
data, tools and information on Geohazard mitigation
• Databases and associated technology
• System interoperability, ancillary data and meta-data
requirements
• Networks of sensors
• Delivery of information to end-users such as decisionmakers in a timely fashion
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups (detailed 4/5)
> Integration
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Deals with data
Considers
• data processing methods: qualitative interpretation,
multi-parametric data analysis, modeling
• fusion of different data streams
• extracting information from data
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• “systems” aspects such as interoperability are
considered by the Infrastructure WG
IGOS Geohazards Working Groups (detailed 5/5)
> Capacity Building
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Deals essentially with knowledge transfer
Considers
• means for the consolidation of an international Geohazards
community through existing associations and programmes
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mechanisms for developing Geohazard mitigation globally
facilitating knowledge transfer in data integration
Identification of appropriate infrastructures and dissemination
technology to develop capacity under different circumstances
(geographical and disciplinary gaps)
IGOS Geohazards Workshop - Outputs
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Clear terms of reference for each of the working groups
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Detailed planning with description of any individual contribution
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Proposal for enlargement of working group teams
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Recommendations for GeoHazNet extension to outside Europe
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Effective proposals for GEOSS 2006-2007 work plan
IGOS Geohazards Workshop Outputs detailed (1/2)
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A1- Define a Sampling Strategy in time/ space/ resolution/ accuracy/
scale covering both background monitoring and crisis response.
Prioritise on risk versus reward basis.
A2- On the basis of the Sampling Strategy, define Observational
Requirements across all platforms for earthquakes, volcanoes,
ground instability and tsunami. Feed this into IGOS Partners’
database managed by WMO.
A3- Analyse current and future means (techniques or systems) for
quantitative deformation measurement and their suitability to the
geohazards
A4- Identify one community test site for each geohazard and
document the data available. Propose cross-validation activities.
A5- Compile and maintain an inventory of existing materials
(tutorials, courses), programmes and training infrastructure (e.g.
regional/national centres)
A6- Identify and structure list of geographical zones and concerned
geohazards where capacity building activities must be developed in
the short term.
IGOS Geohazards Workshop Outputs detailed (2/2)
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A7- Identify existing regional/global archives of data (including hazard
maps) and historical events. Facilitating access to this resource
through the web should allow:
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Rapid access to existing data
The development of baseline states for anomaly detection
Stimulation of continuity in data acquisitions
A8- Identify projects working in the area of data
harmonisation/interoperability for the geohazards. Propose a
interoperability demonstrator on databases that would benefit from
being linked together through interaction with the appropriate projects
A9- Inventory and develop contacts with projects employing a
multidisciplinary approach to the integration of different data sources
in the geohazards.
A10- Identify and evaluate existing multihazard approaches used in
information products for end-user landuse planning and decision
support systems.
Proposed way forward
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The databases to be developed for inventory purposes:
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Data Needs (A1 and A2)
Existing Capacity Building resources (A5)
Existing archives of data and historical event (A7)
Projects – containing three parts: interoperability/harmonisation(A8);
multidisciplinary approach to data integration(A9); multihazard approach(A10)
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Analysis tasks are the following:
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Quantitative Deformation measurement: Analyse current and future means
(techniques or systems) and their suitability to the geohazards (A3)
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Identify one community test site for each geohazard and document the data
available. Propose cross-validation activities. (A4)
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Identify and structure list of geographical zones and concerned geohazards
where capacity building activities must be developed in the short term. (A6)
IGOS-Geohazards Newsletter
http://www.igosgeohazards.org
IGOS Geohazards eProject space
https://eprojet.brgm.fr/egroupgen/wks/user/
Future Actions …
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Continue to provide support to the GEOSS Work Plan Team
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Organise future working group meetings within 12 months
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Integrate inputs from inventory activity
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Seek funding for a Geohazards Network project