Transcript Needs of the natural resource management communities

Overview of the FAO - Government of
Kenya Agrobiodiversity Programme
FAO–Netherlands Partnership Programme
(FNPP II - 2005 – 2007)
Collaboration for policy and strategic support
for sustainable ecosystems, rural livelihoods
and food security
by Sally Bunning FAO-Rome and Michael
Makokha, FAO-Kenya
Guiding principles of Kenya strategic
integrated programme
• People centred (gender
equity)
• Inter-sectoral process
• Strengthen existing
programme activities
• Policy impact in short/
medium term
• Ecosystem approach
• Opportunity to establish
synergies
• Integrating water
3 Themes
Food Security
Agrobiodiversity
Forestry
AgBio Programme framework and linkages
Policy dialogue- mainstreaming
AGBD, enabling environment
Feedback
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Harmonisation AGBD, FS, FO
Specific
studies
markets and
seed system
Integrated land use,
resources and
agrobiodiversity
assessment INRA
Training institutes information and
curricula devt.
Local community FFS
action in Lake Zone
district - fishing
communities
Case
studies
and policy
briefs
Status /trends of
plant genetic
resources
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Specific
databasesinvasive
spp.
Local community
FFS action in
Dryland district agropastoral
communities
1a
AGBD Programme responds to needs identified
Habitat management
(beaches, user rights, pollination)
Integrated resources management
(agro-ecological approaches; river basin management, soil, water,
biological resources)
Alternative livelihoods
(fishing communities)
Invasiveness
(e.g. Prosopis – other woody species. learning from fisheries)
Responding to HIV/AIDS
(labour saving CA approaches, nutrition, fisher-trader links)
Drought resilience
(local varieties/species, runoof management
Markets - Seeds Networks
(prices, organisation, farming as a business)
Agrobiodiversity Programme (1): Local level
– FFS in diverse farming systems/AEZ
Identifying and adapting agrobiodiversity management
options + opportunities
1) Mwingi district, semi-arid
agro-pastoral  drought
resilient, mixed systems
2. Bondo district, Sub-humid
Lake Zone sustainable,
productive aquatic and
terrestrial systems
3. Coastal zone: INRA pilot
Link with drylands
Sudan, Eritrea, Somalia
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Link across Lake
Victoria basin
Encourage partnerships for institutional
capacity building & integrated NR management.
Multiple Partners are identified for synergy and collaboration
• Ministries of Agriculture and Livestock
• Departments: Resource survey and remote sensing; Fisheries
and forestry
• Ministry of Environment and Education
• technical bodies KARI, KEFRI, ICRAF,ITDG, JKU, ICRISAT,
ILRI, KEMFRI...
• Community level: District, FFS, Extension,
• Universities (Egerton, Moi, Jomo Kenyatta)
• Training colleges- teacher training, agriculture and forestry
• Partner organisations: ICRISAT, Bioversity, ITDG, CIKSAP
• Aim attention/ development of a steering committee at policy
level
LEARNING BY DOING & REFLECTING
Observation
Synthesis /discussion
Analysis
Presentation
Identified General topics for FFS process
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Community resources management + impacts (species, habitats, etc.)
Changing customs and innovations (practices, by-laws, diet, recipes..)
Local conservation strategies; individual and communal
Effects of markets and market development
Ecological services e.g. pollination, beekeeping; soil health, water
Impact of cash crops (on systems, income, environment, security..)
IPM, safe use and beneficial insect species
Links with other actors (nutrition, health, business management etc.)
Mwingi: Drought resilient
agropastoral systems
• Genebank of local varieties
• Communal seed systems (storage)
• Effects of commercialised crops
• Drought resistant crops: sorghum
varieties; green gram; pigeon pea
• Resilient, productive systems (water
harvesting etc.)
Coast: Farming, fish farming and
fisheries in Lake Victoria basin
• Local vegetables (income, nutrition, ..)
• Alien species
• 2 fisheries scenarios: river (aquaculture)
and lake (catch)
• Upstream agric. and non-agricultural
practices affecting aquatic area
• Changes in aquatic area (not only fish)
• Conservation and use – e.g. products of
wild harvested spp.such as Papyrus
Expanding FFS to agro-pastoral communities?
Challenges
• From individual farms to communal land
• Community extension facilitators
• Group experimentation
• Curriculum
1a)Targets farmer groups, extension/facilitators
PRA and AGBD study
Identify issues for FFS
Curriculum development
FFS Conduct and evaluation
Documenting process and
lessons
FFS
Resource management
systems,
land & water,
Diversification- species,
habitat management
Soil health, pollination,
aquaculture + fishery
LInKS
1.b) Targets extension and technical staff
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Curriculum development – integrate AGBD in training
Training materials/ short courses
Livelihood approaches- HIV/AIDS, gender, nutrition
Exchange between extension and training
Workshops with colleges
Development of Case studies and Policy briefs
FFS in Kenya
seed fair Kenya
Example of a training module and FFS study
Pollination is an important ecosystem function that affects crop
production
• An ecosystem service critical in agriculture
• Determines plant diversity and food supply 60% of food
plants insect pollinated
• Role in sustaining natural plant populations
• Direct influence on fruit set, seed set, fruit quality and
quantity
Work being conducted with Jomo kenyatta University (Grace
Njoroge et al) developing training modules + FFS study
Work on pollination in kenya
• Pollination has direct influence on yields even at low
fertilizer levels
• Farmers have important local knowledge – need to
document and use
• Capacity building: Need for interactive training and Public
awareness on role on ecological functions e.g. pollination,
soil biodiversity etc.– to affect policy
• Assessment: Need more surveys especially for crops in
fragile ecosystems to monitor pollinator declines and
causes with local people
• Adaptive management: Strategy for conservation and
management of pollination services
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Cashew nuts: flies, ants and honeybees for nut development
Coffee – improves flavor
Sunflower and cotton - oil output increased
Coconut - bees yield doubled.
AgBio 2: Improving access to information &
knowledge
2.a INRA: Integrated natural resources (and
biodiversity) assessment
(builds on forest resources assessment)
- Assess available information and needs
(status and trends - land use,
habitat/species)
- Develop and pilot inter-sectoral
methodology (AGBD, land use, land, water,
other natural resources, ecosystem)
- Identify indicator and tools (field survey,
transects, RRA-questionnaire)
- Capacity building (Participatory mapping
and assessment; RS, sampling,
- Compatible data, database development
and analysis)
Targets technical capacity & informed decision making
by policy makers/resource managers
Improving access to information & knowledge
(continued)
2.b) Information systems on alien species in fisheries and
forestry (for management and early warning)
2c) Information on plant genetic resources for food an
agriculture
– Assess status of genetic resources with FFS
– Train people to collect and analyse data
– Improve the quality of information about PGRFA status and
dynamics
– Contribute to reporting commitment to State of World report on
PGRFA
– link with over 26 key PGR institutions
Targets: technical + extension level (Partners: Genebank, IPGRI..)
2d) Research on Managing Seed Systems to promote
the sustainable utilization of crop genetic resources:
Two focus areas
1. Using markets to promote sustainable use of CGR
How to manage seed systems to promote sustainable
agriculture, improved farm welfare and in situ conservation
of important crop genetic diversity. Methodology development
– Case studies: Mali, Kenya, India, Mexico, Bolivia
2. Economic analysis of seed system impacts on farm
welfare and on farm diversity
Assessing the links between seed systems and farm level
use of crops and varieties and their implications for welfare
and diversity
Case studies: Ethiopia (Sorghum, Wheat); Mozambique (cowpea)
India (Pearl Millet) Mexico (Maize) in partnership with IPGRI,
ICRISAT, IFPRI, and CIMMYT
Work together to achieve happy healthy
farmers and ecosystems
Smallholders access market prices
from rural info kiosks, c/o Pride africa,
IDRC