Transcript Manifest Destiny

Manifest Destiny
America Expands
Westward
 In your own words, what is “destiny?”
 The definition of “manifest” is:
– Clear or apparent
 In the mid-1800s, Americans believed they
had a clear destiny to expand across the
continent, from sea to shining sea
“Eastward I go only by force, but westward I
go free.”- Henry David Thoreau
Write this on a piece of paper that will become
your “Manifest Destiny DBQ”!
Other Reasons for Westward
Expansion:
Escape religious persecution
Find new markets for trade
Claim land for farming, ranching, and
mining
Locate Pacific harbors
Spread democracy!
Writing a DBQ
 A DBQ is a Document-Based Question
 You must read and analyze primary/secondary
source documents to help answer a historical
question
 After reading the documents, you develop an
argument (thesis) to answer the question
 The point is to show that you can read and analyze
documents and DEFEND YOUR ARGUMENT!
 These are designed to be about 5 paragraphs….
We will start with just planning, then 3, then 5!
Manifest Destiny DBQ Planning
 The Question
 The Thesis
– A thesis is the main ARGUMENT of the paper
– How can you make a historical argument?
 Introduction
– This includes background information about your topic
– (In this case, you need to address how/why Manifest
Destiny developed in America in the 1800s)
 3 Points
– This essay lays them out for you
– For each point, you need to include solid information
FROM THE DOCUMENTS and from your PREVIOUS
KNOWLEDGE to support your argument
– In your planning, write bullet points for now but include
PARENTHETICAL CITATIONS (see the board)
 The Conclusion (This will come later…)
How are these ideas of “Manifest Destiny” reflected in the following
pieces of artwork?
“American Progress” by John Gast
 “Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way” by Emanuel Leutze
Sectional Differences Emerge
Missouri Territory applies for statehood
Why is this a problem?
There are an equal number of slave/free states,
Missouri would tip the balance
Henry Clay – Missouri
Compromise (1820)
Missouri = slave
Maine = free
(split from
Massachusetts)
36-30 line:
north= free,
south = slave
Missouri Compromise
Texan Independence Primary Source Activity
 For Documents A-D answer the following
questions (COMPLETE SENTENCES!):
– Who wrote it? (Name, Mexican or American,
Date)
– According to this document, why did Texans
decide to declare independence in 1836?
– Do you trust the perspective of this
document? Why or why not?
 Conclusion: Based on all 4 documents,
do you think the Texans were justified in
declaring independence?
Expansion, Conflict, &
War in Texas
Sam Houston
“Remember the Alamo!”
Expansion & Conflict in Texas
 1. Why did Mexico want Americans to settle in
Texas?
 To help defend and develop the province
economically
 2. Why did Americans want to settle in Texas?
 Abundant, cheap, fertile land with a small
population
3. What brought American settlers into conflict with
the Mexican government?
 They did not convert to Roman Catholicism
(remained Protestants) & they ignored Mexico’s ban
on slavery
4. What happened at the
Alamo?
 Texas rebelled against
Mexican rule
 Santa Anna attacks the
Alamo to put down the
rebellion
 12 days of fighting, Mexico wins, then kills every
prisoner; “Remember the Alamo!”
* Video
 5. Why was the U.S. at first reluctant to annex
Texas?
 Northern Democrats did not want to add
another big, powerful slave state
 6. What promises did
Polk make to help
him win the election
(of 1844)?
 To make Northern
Democrats happy, he
promises to get all of
Oregon from Great
Britain or go to war;
*“54-40 or Fight!”*
Why did Polk need to satisfy the
interests of Northerners
specifically?
54 Line
 7. What did Polk do
that left many
Northern Democrats
feeling betrayed?
 To avoid war with
Great Britain, Polk
compromised on
Oregon in order to
fight Mexico (British
kept what became
British Columbia)
The Mexican-American War
1846-1848
America Achieves
Manifest Destiny
The Gadsden Purchase,
the Wilmot Proviso, and the
California Gold Rush
EQ: How did America achieve its “Manifest Destiny?”
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What formally ended the Mexican-American War?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
(Mexican Cession)
US adds 1.2 million square miles
Mexico was humiliated by the treaty, bitter toward
US for many years
 US added more territory with the
Gadsden Purchase (1853)
 Bought from Mexico, consisted of the southern
parts of Arizona & New Mexico
 Needed to run
transcontinental RR
How is this further
contributing to
Manifest Destiny?
 What issue continued to divide the nation?
– SLAVERY, and its expansion
 Whig Congressman David Wilmot proposes
the Wilmot Proviso:
 Proposed law would
ban slavery in all lands won
from Mexico
 Law DID NOT pass
 Lands won from
Mexico increased
North/South tensions
 Proposed
in Congress
for 15
more didn’t
years pass?
Why
do you think
the Wilmot
Proviso
 President
James K. Polk =
“Expansionist
President”
 Polk SUPPORTS
Manifest Destiny
 The California Gold Rush
 What was it?
 Mass migration to California
after the discovery of gold in
1848
 Who was involved?
 “49ers” = Gold Rush miners
 Where did they come from?
 Across the US & other Pacific Rim nations (South
America, China)
 The California Gold Rush - Effects
 Conditions of the camps
 Crowded, poor sanitation, violence
 Population boom of…
 San Francisco
 Groups facing
discrimination
 Indians, Chinese, &
Mexicans;
taxed, terrorized
 The California Gold Rush - Effects
 ____________ applies for statehood…
 California
 Increases the debate
over…
 Slavery
 15 free states, 15 slave
 Would later lead
to the…
 Civil War