Transcript Chapter 1
Chapter 1 These notes are to be written in your composition book. Science and Scientists Science is the process of gathering knowledge about the natural world. Science begins by asking a question. Three methods of investigation are research, observation, and experimentation. Science affects people's daily lives. Science can help save lives, save resources, and improve the environment. There are several types of scientists and many jobs that use science. Scientific Methods The Scientific method Ask a Question Form a Hypothesis Test the Hypothesis Analyze the Results Draw Conclusions Communicate Results Scientific Method Scientific methods are the ways in which scientists answer questions and solve problems. Asking a question helps you focus the purpose of an investigation. A hypothesis is a possible answer to a question. A good hypothesis is testable. Testing a hypothesis helps you find out if the hypothesis is a reasonable answer to your question. Scientific Method Analyzing the data collected during an investigation will help you find out whether the results of your test support your hypothesis. Conclusions that you draw from your results will show you if your test supported your hypothesis. Communicating your results will allow other scientists to use your investigation for research or conduct an investigation of their own Scientific Models A model uses familiar things to describe unfamiliar things. Physical, mathematical, and conceptual models are commonly used in science. A scientific theory is an explanation for many hypotheses and observations. A scientific law summarizes experimental results and observations. It describes what happens, but not why. Science and Engineering Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics are closely related. Engineers develop technologies to meet social, political, and economic needs. The engineering design process describes the steps for developing new technologies. Technology has intended benefits and unintended consequences. Science and Engineering Bioengineering is engineering that develops technology for living things. Assistive bioengineering develops technologies that assist but do not change living things. Adaptive bioengineering develops technologies that help living things by changing them. Tools, Measurement, and Safety Tools are used to make observations, take measurements, and analyze data. The International System of Units (SI) is the standard system of measurement. Length, volume, mass, and temperature are quantities of measurement. Density is the amount of matter in a given volume. Safety symbols are for your protection.