Transcript TITLE HEADER

Urban Methodologies for the built environment Workshop:
Session 1
Overview of recent work under the CDM:
Methodologies, PoAs, Standardized Baselines
Gajanana Hegde
SDM/UNFCCC
Updates on recent methodological work (2012-2013)
1. Recent CDM Methodologies relevant to built environment;
2. Updates on Programme of activities (PoAs);
3. Updates on Standardized baseline (SB);
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CDM methodologies
• 2013 CDM survey (800 stakeholder responses)
a) Methodologies are the biggest assets of CDM
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Evolution of suppressed demand guidelines
• Para 47 of 3/CMP.1:M & P of CDM cite
future emissions increase
• CMP.5 and CMP.6 request EB action
a) EB 61 and EB 62, 2011 (guidelines
approved)
• CMP.7 requests EB to accelerate
implementation in methodologies
a) Priority focus on LDCs, SIDs, African
countries and underrepresented
countries
• Over 11 methodologies now address
suppressed demand
Key Features of Suppressed Demand Guidelines
• Applicable where the minimum service
level (MSL) is not met
a) MSL is that service that meets basic
human needs (e.g. basic housing,
basic energy services including
lighting, cooking, drinking water supply)
• Provides methodological approaches
under a suppressed demand situation for:
a) Identification of baseline
measure/technology; and
b) Baseline service level to use to
calculate baseline emissions
AMS-I.L “Electrification of rural communities using renewable
energy“ (EB 66)
• AMS-I.L joins AMS I.A and AMS
III.AV;
• RE Electrification of households
& SMEs with no access to
electricity
• Default emission factors;
a) Tranche 1: [Np < 55 kWh/year]
 6.8 kg CO2/kWh;
b) Tranche 2: [55< Nz <250]  1.3
kg CO2/kWh;
c) Tranche 3: [Nw> 250]  1.0 kg
CO2/kWh ;
• Default values + suppressed
demand
•New UN-backed emissions
reduction scheme helps poorer
nations use clean energy
– (6 March 2012)
Recent Urban Methodologies
Building sector:
• AMS-II.N “Demand-side energy efficiency activities for
installation of energy efficient lighting and/or controls in
buildings”
a) Including control systems
• AMS-II.Q “Energy efficiency and/or energy supply
projects in commercial buildings”
a) Use of computer simulation
• AMS-II.R: Energy efficiency space heating measures for
residential buildings
a) Consideration of suppressed demand
• AMS-II.O “Dissemination of energy efficient household
appliances”
a) EE refrigerators (deemed savings)
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Recent Urban Methodologies
Transport sector:
• AMS-III.AY “Introduction of LNG buses to existing and new bus
routes”
• AM0101 “High speed passenger rail systems”
• AMS-III.BC “Emission reductions through improved efficiency of
vehicle fleets"
• AM0110 “Modal shift in transportation of liquid fuels”
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Recent Urban Methodologies
Waste treatment:
• AM0083 “Avoidance of landfill gas emissions by in-situ
aeration of landfills”
• AM0093 “Avoidance of landfill gas emissions by passive
aeration of landfills”
• AMS-III.BA “Recovery and recycling of materials from Ewaste”
• AMS-III.BJ: Destruction of hazardous waste using plasma
technology including energy recovery
• AM0112: Less carbon intensive power generation through
continuous reductive distillation of waste
• ACM0024: Natural gas substitution by biogenic methane
produced from the anaerobic digestion of organic waste
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Other highlights
• Automatic additionality for waste treatment projects
a) LFG to energy
b) Composting
• AM091 for building
• Inclusion of computer simulation
• Suppressed demand
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Updates on Programme of activities (PoAs)
• Unlimited number of
similar component project
activities (CPA) can be
administered under a
single programme
umbrella.
• Scale up the CDM
• No specified size limits
• CPA can be time bound
(e.g. activities
commencing in a
certain year).
• Reduce transaction costs
$$$
CER
Buyer
CME – coordinating or managing entity
CPA – CDM programme activity
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNFCCC
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNFCCC
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNEP RISOE
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNEP RISOE
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNFCCC
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Updates on POAs
Source : UNFCCC
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CME Structures in Africa
Carbon
consultants
Funding
organisations
• 37 examples
• 12 examples
(source: Promethium carbon)
CPA1 or
technology
providers
• 8 examples
Independent
NPO
• 6 examples
Government
• 11 examples
Updates on PoA regulations
• Combination of multiple technologies/measures and methodologies
eligible;
a) Min one specific case CPA at registration covering one
technology, specific CPA for other technologies can be added
later;
b) Interactive effects (cross effects) needs to be considered;
• Sampling for a group of CPAs or for the whole PoA allowed;
a) Best practices examples for sampling;
• Simplified additionality
a) Projects/CPAs with units < 5% of SSC thresholds automatically
additional (positive list)
b) Micro scale Guidelines also apply to project applying LS meth;
• Flexibility for the start date of PoA/CPA;
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Requirements for Multiple Methodologies/technologies in a PoA
• Use pre approved combinations
• For other combinations account for cross effects;
 EB68 “Guidelines for consideration of interactive measures for
application of multiple CDM methodologies for PoAs”
 For LSC combination, request clarification/revision to MP
SSC Pre approved combinations
 Combinations of approved methodologies by the Board are
contained in the SSC General Guidelines:
 AMS-III.R + AMS-I.C; AMS-III.D + AMS-I.C + AMS-I.F; and
AMS-I.C + AMS-I.F.
 Any one of the Type III methane generating methodologies, with
any one of the Type I methane utilizing methodologies
o i.e. AMS-III.H, AMS-III.D, AMS-III.F and AMS-III.G, with AMSI.A, AMS-I.C, AMS-I.D and AMS-I.F.
cross effects
 Cross effects examples
EE measures in a building
• Activity 1: efficient lighting bulbs
• Activity 2: efficient space
heating/cooling
• Cross effect: Activity 1 will lead
to increased/reduced fuel
consumption for the same level
of space heating/cooling.
Sampling Requirements
1) Use the following confidence/precision requirements:
• 90/10 for small-scale;
• 95/10 for large-scale;
• Unless specified in the applicable methodology;
2) For precision (i.e. figure of ±10%), use relative percentage terms
when parameter of interest is both a proportion and a mean value;
 ±10% when average usage of a CFL is 3.5 hours implies that the
population parameter is to be within ± 0.35hours.
 ±10% when one expects 50% of cook stoves still to be operational
means that population value is to be within ± 5%.
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Sampling for a group of CPAs
• Sampling allowed for a group of CPAs under a small
scale PoA; populations of all CPAs in the group are
combined for a single survey
PoA
Group of CPAs
CPA 1
CPA 2
CPA 3
CPA 4
CPA 5
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Validation and Verification of Sampling plans of Project Activities and
PoAs
•
Criteria for Validation of Sampling Plans
 Adequate to achieve confidence/precision requirements?
Reproduce of sample size calculation;
 Samples are randomly selected and are representative?
•
DOEs may apply sampling when PPs have not applied sampling
provided predefined level of assurance is met.
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Sampling for DOE validation/verification
AQL
UQL
Producers = 5%
Producers = 10%
Producers = 10%
Consumers = 5%
Consumers = 10%
Consumers = 20%
Sample
Accept.
Sample
Size (n)
number (c)
Size (n)
Accept.
Sample
Accept.
number (c) Size (n) number (c)
1%
10%
61
2
38
1
29
1
1%
15%
30
1
25
1
10
0
1%
20%
22
1
18
1
8
0
0.5%
10%
46
1
38
1
16
0
0.5%
15%
30
1
15
0
10
0
0.5%
20%
22
1
11
0
8
0
New
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Post registration changes
Added by
DOE
Registration
PoA-DD
Generic CPADD 1
1st Specific
CPA-DD 1
Generic CPADD 2
PRC (optional)
Generic CPADD 3
PRC (optional)
2nd , 3rd , nth
Specific CPADD
Start date and crediting period
PoA
renewal
PoA
renewal
PoA
renewal
7yrs
CPA6
CPA4
CPA3
CPA2
CPA1
●
Fixed CP
CPAs
●
●
●
7yrs
CPA5
● CPA renewal
Renewal CP
CPAs
●
●
7yrs
7 yrs
PoA lifetime = max. 28 years
Start date of PoA (Date of
registration at earliest)
End date of PoA
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Ongoing work on PoA regulation
• Flexibility for issuance to CPAs (e.g. batched issuance request)
• Simplification of documentation requirement and more flexibility with post
registration changes
• Further work on sampling and eligibility criteria
• And more ……
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Updates on standardized baselines
Key documents approved

Guidelines for the establishment of sector specific standardized
baselines (SB guidelines);

Guidelines for data quality in the establishment of SBs (QA/QC
guidelines).

Guidelines for establishment of SBs for afforestation and reforestation
project activities under the CDM (AR-SB guidelines)

Procedure for development, revision, clarification and update of
standardized baselines;

Key principles on Standardised Baselines.

Standard on data coverage and validity of standardized baselines

Four standardized baselines for different DNAs.
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Bottom up SBs approved
• ASB0001: Grid Emission Factor of Southern African Power Pool (SAPP)for 9 countries in Southern Africa (EF)
• ASB0002: Technology Switch in charcoal production sector of Uganda
(EF and positive list)
• ASB0003: Grid Emission Factor for Uzbekistan (EF)
• ASB0004: Technology Switch in rice mill sector of Cambodia (EF and
positive list)
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Approved SB
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Standardized baseline (SB)
• 5+ submitted SB are under consideration by EB
a) Power sector
b) Waste sector
c) Cement sector
• Draft tools to be considered at EB next week to facilitate SB
development in Transport sector:
a) "Baseline emissions for modal shift measures in inter-urban
cargo transport"
b) "Baseline emissions for modal shift measures in urban
passenger transport"
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Thank you!
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