Transcript Condition of Croatian Music Heritage

Condition of Croatian
Music Heritage
Croatian Art Music Sound
Recordings
Željka Radovinović
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
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Short history of sound recording
Recorded sound in Croatia
The state of sound heritage in Croatia
Digitisation of sound heritage
Examples from the neighbourhood
How to preserve Croatian music sound
heritage
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
History of sound recordings
 1857 – Scott - phonoautograph
 1877 – Edison – phonograph
 1887 – Berliner – zinc disc
 1888 – Berliner - gramophone
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
 1950-ies – magnetic tape
 80-ies – digital devices...
DEVELOPMENT : HISTORY?
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Recorded sound in Croatia
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1908 – Slavoljub Penkala
Mavro Drucker
1927 – Edison Bell Penkala
1934 – Elektroton
1945 – Jugoton
1991 – Croatia Records
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Recorded sound in Croatia
 1926 – Zagreb broadcasting station
 1934 – production of records
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
The state of sound heritage
 no systematic research and care
 kept in different physical conditions
 acces more or less possible
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Institutions
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The Croatian State Archive
The Croatian Radio Zagreb Sound Archive
National and University Library
public libraries
The Academy of Music in Zagreb Library
publishing houses (Croatia Records)
museums
private collections
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
The Croatian State Archive
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The Croatian Film Archive
no qualified person
internal computational list (table)
restoration outside – copying on magnetic tape
borrowed tape-recorder
plans: burn ordinary CD-R
: present on mini hi-fi digital device
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
The Croatian Radio Zagreb Sound Archive
 richest
 until 1994 owned by the state
 closed for the outside users
 valluable documentary recordings
 listed in paper catalogues and data base
 own studios for digitisation
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
The Croatian Radio Zagreb Sound Archive
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member of EBU
digitisation by EBU standards (NOA)
digitisation results – on hard discs
selection – for the everyday program
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
National and University Library Zagreb
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obligatory copies (from 1965)
listed in library catalogue
gramophone rec., audio cassettes, audio CD-s
no plan for digitisation
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Croatia Records
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40000 titles in 1997
copy of every issue
listed for the internal use
digitising just for re-publishing
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Initiative:
Croatian National Sound Archive
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Digitisation - criteria for the selection
1. condition of sound carriers (IASA)
2. cultural, scientific and academic meaning of
content
3. rarity of title
4. physical durability
5. obsolesce of reproduction devices
6. dissapearance of experts
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Digitisation – technical standards
 archival copy: 96kHz, 24 bits, no compression,
stereo
 users copy: AAC compression
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Digitisation – metadata
 tehnical
 administrative
 data for research and use
 standards – leading to automation
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Organising repository
 associated with institution or
 part of collaborative service or
 administrated by external agency
 good practice: separate networked collections
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Neighboorhood – Slovenia
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NUK – Digitisation of old Sound Recordings
100 shellac gramophone records
digital copy WAV + MP3
metadata by Dublin Core – fit in COBISS
users can export the electronic source
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Neighboorhood – Serbia
 National Library – plans for national sound
archive on the model of Great Britain
 digitised 600 of 1000 78rpm gramophone rec.
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Proposal instead of conclusion
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list of owners
standardised list of materials
standards for migration
two copies –archival and compressed
standard for description
unique repository
harmonize explanations of Copyright Law
Croatian Music Sound Heritage
Who will pay for it?