Transcript FRA-Presentation

The FRA’s work on Roma
Fundamental Rights Agency
ECDC Conference
27-28 November
Vienna
Lisbon Treaty
The Union “shall combat social exclusion and discrimination,
and shall promote social justice and protection, equality
between women and men, solidarity between generations
and protection of the rights of the child” - Art. 3 Para. 3 (TEU)
“In defining and implementing its policies and activities, the
Union shall aim to combat discrimination based on sex, racial
or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age or sexual
orientation” - Art. 10 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the
European Union (TFEU)
EU Charter
Fundamental
Rights
Article 21 - Non-discrimination
Any discrimination based on any ground such as sex, race,
colour, ethnic or social origin, genetic features, language,
religion or belief, political or any other opinion, membership
of a national minority, property, birth, disability, age or
sexual orientation shall be prohibited.
EU Antidiscrimination
legislation
The Racial Equality Directive (RED) 2000/43/EC
Implements the principle of equal treatment between
people irrespective of racial or ethnic origin;
Gives protection against discrimination in employment and
training, education, social security, healthcare and access to
goods and services including housing;
Gives victims of discrimination a right to make a complaint
through a judicial or administrative procedure, associated
with appropriate penalties for those who discriminate.
Provides for the establishment in each Member State of an
organisation - National Equality Body
FRA Research &
Data Collection
Roma Pilot survey – Results in 2012
The situation of Roma EU citizens moving to and settling in
other EU Member States – November 2009
Housing conditions of Roma and Travellers in the EU –
October 2009
EU-MIDIS Data in Focus Report: The Roma – April 2009
Roma and Travellers in Public Education – May 2006
Breaking the Barriers – Romani Women and Access to Public
Health Care – July 2003
Policy
background
 7 September 2010 EC creates Roma Task Force “to assess the
use of EU funding by MSs with regard to the social and
economic integration of Roma, Europe's largest minority”
 21 December 2010 first findings indicate:
 bottlenecks at national, regional and local levels in using EU
funds due to lack of know-how and of administrative capacity
 Problems in providing national co-financing
 Lack of civil society and Roma communities involvement
 Lack of official data on Roma households
Policy
Background
Communication COM (2011) 173 on an EU Framework for
National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020
 Sets EU Roma integration goals in four areas: access to
education, employment, healthcare and housing
Member States are requested to prepare or revise their
national Roma integration strategies and present them to the
Commission by the end of December 2011
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EC Communication mandates FRA to:
 Expand research to all MSs and run it regularly to
measure progress on the ground
 Collect data on the situation of Roma with respect to
access to employment, education, healthcare and housing
 Work with MSs to develop monitoring methods
The FRA response
 Designing and launching major Roma survey in January 2011
 In close cooperation with UNDP (DG REGIO Grant) – common
core questionnaire
 Covering 11 EU-MS < FR, ES, IT, PL, EL, CZ, SK, BG, RO, HU >
 In addition, UNDP covers MN, SRB, ALB, BIH, MK (non-EU MSs)
 Household survey 1,000 Roma and 500 non-Roma per country
 Randomly selected sample of household + one individual
 Self-identification of respondents
 Survey of selected local authorities
The survey includes a section
on HEALTH
Topics addressed:
• Self assessment of health status
• Unmet needs in health and reasons for
unmet needs
• Access to reproductive health
EU-MIDIS
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23,500 migrants and minorities surveyed
5,000 majority population as control
Largest minority groups (up to 3) surveyed in each MS
Self-identified migrant/minority background
Respondents: age 16+, in MS at least 1 year
Random sample of 500 – 1,500 respondents in each MS
Face-to-face interviews 20 to 60 minutes in homes
Fieldwork: From May – mid July + Nov 2008
The issues
Discrimination
Experiences and Reporting
Employment
Education
Housing
Health + social services
Consumer services
Victimisation
Experiences and Reporting
Property crime
Assault and threat
Serious harassment
Corruption
Police stops/contact
General perceptions on
discrimination in MS
Rights awareness – complaints
Border stops
Respondent
Variables
Data in focus
Report: The
Roma
Data in
focus report
 Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary,
Poland, Romania and Slovakia
 500 Roma respondents interviewed in each
Member State
 Interview period: 3 May – 10 July 2008
 As a group, the Roma reported the highest overall
levels of discrimination of all groups surveyed.
-> the scientific literature shows a clear association
between perception of racial discriminations and poor
physical and mental health (Bhopal 2006; Williams et al,
2008)
Discrimination rate
% discriminated
against in the past 12
months in all areas
% of respondents who
did not report
discrimination incidents
Main reasons for not
reporting
discrimination (%)
Nothing would happen/change by
reporting
78
Didn't know how to go about
reporting/where to report
52
It's normal, happens all the time - not
worth reporting it/too trivial
44
Concerned about negative
consequences/contrary to my interest
Inconvenience/too much bureaucracy
or trouble/no time
39
23
Awareness of discrimination
law when applying
for work?
Knowledge of any
organisation that can
offer support or advise
to people who have
been discriminated
against (%)
81% of respondents who
indicated they were victims of
assault, threat or serious
harassment considered that
their victimisation was racially
motivated
Yes
81%
No
19%
Thank you for your attention
www.fra.europa.eu