Transcript Creative Commons (CC) and Public Sector Information (PSI)

Creative Commons (CC) Licensing and
Public Sector Information (PSI)
Professor Brian Fitzgerald
QUT Law Faculty
Australia
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Queensland University of Technology
Why?
• Access to knowledge is a driver – it fosters the
formal and informal exchange of ideas which
promotes new ways of doing things – new
solutions, products and services - to solve
issues of health, climate, education etc
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Politics and Government 2.0
• Power of Information Report (UK Cabinet Office 2007)
• Participative Web (OECD 2007)
• Politicians and government officers looking at how Web
2.0 technologies – Second Life, MySpace and YouTube
– can be used in better governing the country
• Better informed policy and decision making – citizen
(user-) generated solutions
• Citizens sharing or adding to the knowledge of
government – fixmystreet.com
• Consultation by government
• Participation more broadly in social and political activities
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Government Owned Copyright
• In many countries – government owns the
copyright in PSI
• In a Web 2.0 world of user generated and peer
production how can we better access and reuse
it for social, cultural and economic reasons?
• Pricing, technical standards, a culture of release
and licensing are all key aspects
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What is happening with PSI?
• PSI Directive in EU – 2003
• OECD – has a draft statement of principles to be
considered at a Ministerial meeting in June 2008
in Seoul
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Can CC Licences be used?
• Yes they can easily be applied to government
owned copyright – to open up access
• They contain disclaimers of liability etc
• See this Qld Report - Stage 2 Report of GILF
Project – Access to Government Information and
OCL – An Access and Use Strategy (2006)
http://www.qsic.qld.gov.au
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Australian Case Studies
• Office of Spatial Data Management (OSDM)
• Australian Bureau of Statistics
• Queensland Treasury
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Default Rules
• Price at zero
• Open Content licensing
• Common technical standards
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Office of Spatial Data Management
www.osdm.gov.au
• Facilitates sharing of experience and expertise between
Australian Government agencies;
• Promotes efficient use of Australian Government spatial data
assets – what is calls information infrastructure – 80
fundamental/core spatial data sets ;
• Represents the Australian Government's interests in spatial
data coordination and access arrangements with the States and
Territories; and
• Fosters the development of a private sector spatial information
industry.
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Australian Government Data Access
1,800,000
1,600,000
1,400,000
1,200,000
1,000,000
800,000
600,000
400,000
200,000
0
FY02/03
FY03/04
Schedule
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FY04/05
Non Schedule
FY05/06
Total
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OSDM Conclusion
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The major national issues of climate change, counter terrorism,
health management, etc can be supported by spatial data.
Many users have need for fundamental data. It is only when
they wish to add their own specific data that differences occur.
In the past, data was often re-collected because its existence
was not known, or it could not be easily accessed. This lead to
huge additional costs.
The concept of free and open access provides many benefits,
not the least of which is cost savings.
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OSDM Conclusion
• The present licensing arrangements do not address the breadth
of licensing issues and is aiming to introduce a PSI licence
based upon Creative Commons licensing, to support a wider
range of management needs and also to provide consistency
with other agencies or jurisdictions that adopt this mechanism.
• Web 2.0 capabilities require a fully automated online data
access and licensing mechanism. A PSI Licence based upon
Creative Commons can address many of the weaknesses of the
present mechanisms, further reducing the barriers to data
access, stimulating the economy and providing many other
benefits.
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Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS)
ww.abs.gov.au
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The central statistical authority for the Australian Government
and the states and territories
Collects, compiles, analyses and disseminates statistics and
related information
Ensures co-ordination of official bodies in the collection,
compilation and dissemination of statistics and related
information, with particular regard to:
– the avoidance of duplication;
– integration of statistics compiled by official bodies; and
– the maximum possible utilization of information
•
Provides liaison between Australia, other countries and
international organizations, in relation to statistical matters.
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Development of the Charging Model
PRE JULY 2005
• Austats provided ABS data for a fee until a policy change in
July 2005
POST JULY 2005
• Publications (pdf) free from July 2005
downloadable content from December 2005
and
other
• Hardcopy products continue to be cost recovered
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ABS Dissemination of Statistics
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ABS Dissemination of Statistics
Year
Data Cubes
Time Series
Spreadsheets
Total
2003–04
403
41
444
2004–05
447
258
705
2005–06
1492
3881
5373
2006–07
2280
5266
7546
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Government Information Licensing
Framework (GILF)
Stage 1
• identified licensing practices of various Queensland agencies
• identified that open content licensing and Creative Commons
in particular could meet 85% of agency licensing
requirements
• resulted in endorsement by Queensland Spatial Information
Council and the Information Queensland Steering Committee
of an open content licensing model, based on Creative
Commons
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Government Information Licensing
Framework (GILF)
Stage 2 Report
Included:
• Advantages of standardised open access and use
arrangements, balanced with appropriate protection for private,
confidential and legislatively restricted information collected or
held by government
• Advantages include greater use and re-use of publicly
available government data and facilitation of data sharing
arrangements
• Development of a user toolkit for licensing purposes
• Developments in internationally supporting policies favouring
greater access to, and re-use of, government data (public
sector information)
(see www.qsic.qld.gov.au)
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Why does the QLD Govt Need a GILF?
• GILF is a standardised legal environment of terms and
conditions within which all information transactions occur.
• Establish a standard, single framework for access to all data
for other jurisdictions, community and the private sector
• Help manage the Government’s IP
• Reduce legal risks associated with potential unauthorised use
of data and information products and services both in and
outside of Government
• Facilitate improved access to, and use of, Government held
data and information within Government
• Creates economic efficiency
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Creative Archive
• Greater potential to release publicly funded
creative materials for further reuse
• We are talking with key stakeholders in Australia
about this at the moment
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PSI Licences
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Click Use – in the UK
CC licences
Core usage conditions and compatibility the key
Re-badging a CC licence as a PSI licence?
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Conclusion
• Need to state clear national objectives
• Put effort into a culture change that promotes
open access to PSI – which in turn will bring
more engagement and participation and more
innovation and productivity as well as
transparency
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References
• Common Information Environment Report UK (2005)
• Netherlands - van Eechoud et al - CC Licensing for PSI (2008)
http://www.ivir.nl/publications/eechoud/CC_PublicSectorInformation_
report_v3.pdf
• “Unlocking the Potential” at Glass House at QUT
Fitzgerald, B.F., E. Bledsoe & J. Coates. 2007, Unlocking the
Potential Through Creative Commons: an industry engagement and
action agenda, ARC Centre of Creative Industries and Innovation,
August 2007, [online] available at
<http://creativecommons.org.au/unlockingthepotential>
• First National Summit – Qld Parliament House – Conference Report
on the Australian National Summit on OA to PSI http://www.qsic.qld.gov.au/
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