Transcript Slide 1
Community Economic Development Why it is important to Ukraine Presentation Kiev September 27-28, 2005 What CED is Not A Panacea Will not necessarily reopen closed enterprises Not a new concept Nor a simple solution Not a quick fix Won’t in and by itself revolutionize an economy in the short term Won’t be easy or without challenges WHAT IS COMMUNITY ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (CED)? Community Economic Development (CED) involves the mobilization of community residents and resources to take charge of their own social, cultural and community economic development. It involves a focus on the people of the community and building up their capacity through Community Capacity Building (CCB) to take charge of their own development. CED – Expanding Boundaries What’s traditional People’s capabilities People’s knowledge Rules and laws What’s believable (When people become empowered they take their own power) Community Economic Development and holistic approach to development Economic Development focus on business - attraction, support and retention entrepreneurial attitude and a more proactive basis of activity by local people themselves Focus on social aspects of community (education, local and life skills, and supportive environment) local resources, rather than needs, become fundamental to the economic wellbeing of a community culture and heritage critical elements in understanding these resources and their potential. people aware of their own resources and opportunities and the environment (both internal and external) which influences development Turning recognized opportunities into economic and community benefit. job creation focus without consideration of costs, environmental impacts or quality of life factors Support for business critical and jobs and profit are the primary outcome. Two Fundamentals of CED First you have to trust and learn to work together Then capacity has to be built before people can handle many things (A young women in Brazil) CED Principles A principle is a statement of fundamental truth. It describes the nature of things as they are, what is basic or essential what works and what doesn't, what must be included and what can be neglected The CED Process Building a team Building community identity Analyzing and communicating information Creating and reinforcing an entrepreneurial culture Placing a substantial emphasis on human resources Planning and managing development Acting with limited financial resources but lots of human capital WHY it is CED Important? – To have Stable and Secure Communities With economic and social balance Where people are active and involved With varied organizations providing support Which produces many of its own goods and services Where locally developed solutions are created Where development is a continuous and ongoing process Requirements for a Stable and Secure Community Good leadership with community involvement Willingness by people to participate and support Knowledge, understanding and appreciation of history and culture Appreciation for the positive aspects of this history and wisdom from the mistakes Pride and inspiration from their “place” A sense of hope for the future Trust, openness, collaboration and consensus among Local Government, Business, NGOs, etc. Why Communities are not Stable or Secure Out migration because of lack of “good jobs” Lack of access to goods and services Political non-stability because of little direction, long term vision or realistic expectations Centralization of power leading to little understanding of local issues and constraints Little understanding of real rights and responsibilities Lack of ability to initiate legal reforms for the betterment of life Lack of harmonious relationship between people and local government CED – Creating a Stable and Secure Community Provides people with information and knowledge Identifies needs, resources and opportunities Develops a process of balancing needs and resources encompassing a future vision Identifies leaders and assists with their knowledge development Creates the basis of community organization to utilize and transfer knowledge to everyone Provides examples from other communities for local people to follow Assists people to be open to new ideas, concepts and ways and means to create legislative changes Provides awareness, education and confidence (“knowledge pushes progress”) Provides a basis for continuous support Helps develop an entrepreneurial attitude The Instruments of CED Locally created CED organization(s) Volunteers organized around issues and opportunities Independent advisors who can help these volunteers (supported by local council and others) Partnerships (between local council, local organizations and others – national and international) Training activities and opportunities to share knowledge Activities, projects and enterprises developed by people Challenges Lack of understanding of the concept of CED and its possibilities Getting people involved Building consensus around local issues Convincing people that change is possible Continuous and appropriate motivation for the long term Identifying leaders to whom people relate and trust Identifying and valuing the concept of community Assisting people cope with the enormity of their current situation due to change Appreciating that the state and government belong to people thus they have a fundamental role in its direction and well being New Economies – New approaches Based on local assets and resources Founded in local knowledge, skills and talents Built on the basis of history, heritage and culture Entails an appreciation for all aspects of community (social, economic, environment and spiritual) Encourages and supports entrepreneurship Three Stages Planning Planning has to happen with and by the communities Learning People need to learn new skills and knowledge for this economic transformation to happen Infrastructure Target projects that develop the necessary infrastructure for economic diversification Community Capacity Building (CCB) Capacity Building is a continuous process required to foster the appropriate local leadership that allows communities, through their members, to take responsibility for their own development CCB is about: People (raising awareness of themselves and others in the community and internal and external influences) Rallying and mobilizing Building from the inside Identifying leaders Constructing an appropriate vision Opportunities and a vehicle to build bridges (to resources) A dynamic and constantly flowing process Ingredients of CCB People , opportunities and participation Communications and networking Leadership (and its development) Perseverance , patience and focus Motivation and positive feedback Instilling the desire to be involved and take control Developing an open and transparent process Developing a culture of consensus The creation of a common focus and vision Community ownership and a realistic plan Educate, educate, educate CED Increases in Canada One third of its communities are in decline and unstable Out migration (especially among young and well educated) Industries are closing Small family farms are facing bankruptcy The fisheries in many areas has collapsed 25% of recent and well educated immigrants are underemployed or unemployed Many survive on Government Benefit People feel less secure Why Communities are not Stable or Secure Out migration because of lack of “good jobs” Lack of access to goods and services Political non-stability because of little direction, long term vision or realistic expectations Centralization of power leading to little understanding of local issues and constraints Little understanding of real rights and responsibilities Lack of ability to initiate legal reforms for the betterment of life Lack of harmonious relationship between people and local government Some Questions For You What are the most valued elements of life here? How should the economy be developed to protect and preserve these values? What assets and resources are available? What opportunities are evident? How should these be developed? What are the challenges? What should CED look like? What are the next steps? Personal Readiness Personal Qualities Patience/ Understanding Empathy/Sympathy Respect Humility/Kindness Tenderness/Tenacity Skills Listening Facilitating Research/Analysis Multi-Tasking Community Readiness Belief and pride in community Willingness to participate An understanding of community and its development A means for communications and awareness building Supportive local organizations, local government and businesses The foundation (core) for a community development organization Volunteerism Volunteers play a key role in socializing our children and passing along our culture Volunteers play a key role in developing our work force and building a strong economy Volunteers are an important part of the social “glue” of the community Volunteer groups provide many of the key social structures in the community In isolated communities Volunteers are often the main resource for services (from Valuing Rural Volunteers Toolkit) Volunteerism – Why its important Builds a sense of community spirit Helps to create self confidence Builds commitment Opens communications and dialogue Promotes involvement Builds awareness Provides institutional structures (They are the foundations of social capital) Volunteerism – Canadian Statistics There are 6.5 million volunteers over 15 (25% of population) Volunteer activity accounts for 6.8% of the GDP Employs 12% of the economic active population Has the second largest volunteer base in the world Relies on more paid employees than Sweden, Norway, UK and US Service activities are the prominent feature (i.e. education, health and housing) Learning Needs Assessment A review of many CED training Programs An approach based on Knowledge and skills Thirteen themes of learning identified Requires varying levels of knowledge and skills The basis for individual assessment A foundation for participatory learning Communications Effective communications lies at the heart of Community Capacity Building and a Community Economic Development process. Good communications is the most critical element of the process. Why Communicate To To To To To To To keep people informed build awareness share ideas and suggestions offer and share opinions provide more focus be inclusive be transparent A Community Message Everyone should hear the same thing The message should be simple, direct and understandable There has to be an implicit simple focus and vision Everyone who delivers the message should have a common perspective There has to be convergence between the needs of the senders and receivers of information The message should be relevant There has to be coherency among all communications Communications Tools Media (radio, tv, newspapers, etc.) Newsletters Letters and mail-outs Posters and bulletin boards Telephone campaigns Public announcements Organizational meetings Local discussions (gossip) Organizational/church bulletins Why an Information Base To understand and appreciate the community, its assets, desires and potential To inform the community of its “wealth” (i.e. people, history, heritage, resources, etc.) To identify and link resources and opportunities To identify, analyze issues and to refine priorities To identify the values and key assets that will drive the community’s development To assist people interpret and appreciate their priorities Base Line Data Gathering Community Resources/Attributes Business/Industry Demographics Culture/History Organizations Activities/Events Knowing Your Community Demographics and socio/economic Characteristics History Traditions and culture Community needs and desires An inventory of “the community’s capacity” Key leaders Key players and their relationships Community resources The economic base Community infrastructure State of community communications Participation Participation is the active engagement of the minds, hearts and energy of people in the process of their own healing and development. Because of the nature of what development really is, unless there is meaningful and effective participation, there is no development. (Judie Bopp PhD) Why Participation The issues are everyone’s Provides people new ideas and insights People identify with problems Provides a collective voice to governments People have input and feel ownership Provides access to people resources Builds local capacity and confidence Brings the community together Builds commitment Educational for all Citizen Control Citizen Control Citizen Power Delegated Power Partnership Consultation Informing Tokenism Placation Manipulation Non Participation Engaging People Individual discussions Small group meetings (Kitchen Table) Themed meetings around common interests Local forums Contests (awareness raising) Mural creation Learning sessions (i.e. workshops) Social events/activities Celebrations Participatory Information Challenges Gaining an understanding of existing the social and cultural climate Motivating people and tapping into their passions Knowing critical issues and establishing a base of interest Creating an environment whereby people feel comfortable sharing Providing varied opportunities for people to contribute Helping people appreciate their talents and the role they can play Building a Strong CED Organization Mobilize key people in the community Build a strong organizational base Develop a vision and strategic goals Identify the leaders in the group/community Start small and build over time CED Organization Functions Information Participation/Integration Planning Action Evaluation Sustainability CED Organizational Activities Facilitate community planning Training/education/capacity building Identify resources (local/external) Promotion (community/opportunities) Support to business Entrepreneurial development Building partnerships Research Advocacy Organizational Challenges There is a need for appropriate and realistic governance There is a disconnect between some associations and groups with respect to their communities There is a complexity of bureaucratic processes to reform flawed or outdated legislation Recognition of local groups who today are very important voices for their regions (they organize themselves) The necessity to ensure and understand “process” as a living, moving entity which creates friction, tension and conflict – both necessary and natural and a balancing mechanism Community Planning A means to define a bigger picture for people to see and believe Helps people to identify their own knowledge and skills Analyzes, calculates and defines priorities Is not a straight line process Is about compromise and concensus One Communities View Gives direction Increases possibilities Simplifies tasks Is a learning tool Is a monitoring tool Planning Cycles Operation Planning of Core Group C O R E G R O U P Strengthening Capacity Building O F T H E P R O J E C T Applied Learning Sustainability О P E R A T I O N A L Community’s activities Authority’s activities Community’s goals P L A N Business’s activities Other’s activities S U S T A I N A B L E C O M M U N I T Y CED Ukraine Project P A R T I C I P A T I O N Strengthening Project objectives: Capacity Building Applied Learning Sustainability 1. Support and strengthen local community development associations and community-based ventures 2. Build a support base for CED initiatives in higher educational institutions 3. Carry out replicable community economic and social “micro-projects” within participating communities S U S T A I N A B L E C O M M U N I T Y An Entrepreneurial Approach to CED A twelve step guide to a community planning process An eleven step guide to enterprise realization Tools for Community Planning Planning for Real Community Mapping Visioning Exercises Baseline Data Gathering/Benchmarking Community Mapping A very useful tool to analyze and display information Correlates people to geography, services and opportunities Defines a strategic point in time A process of discovery A communications tool A step by step pathway An interpretation instrument for analysis and priority setting Why Evaluate To determine progress towards overall goals, objectives and activities To ensure everyone is doing what they agreed to do To evaluate the effectiveness of activities and achieving project aims To evaluate everyone’s role, participation, effectiveness and contribution Participatory Evaluation Creates a learning environment to better appreciate a plan and its activities A means to educate those involved ob specific details Ensures meaningful roles, values contributions and creates ownership Provides opportunity to explore adjustments to direction and activities Identifies individuals, Groups and Organizations not reaching their full potential and support required Allows introduction of new tools and techniques that might be beneficial Participatory Evaluation Requires an understanding of the plan Requires a willingness by participants to be open and honest Requires open dialogue Accreditation Document DIMENSIONS Participation Representation Communications Culture & Values Decentralized Leadership Actions and Performance Organization Partnership Sustainability Sustainability Sustainability Sustainability is about knowing who we are, what we have, what we can do and who can and will help us. Most importantly, it requires having the patience to build the local understanding of what can be done, all the while maintaining a (dream) vision. People and Sustainability Sustainability is a process At the centre of all efforts for sustainable development are people Solutions are often developed for people not with people There is an increasing recognized importance of the cultural dimension of sustainability Space and place plays an important role in the meetings and cultural gatherings There is a need to build appreciation for the value of culture and heritage Preservation of culture and history are tools for sustainability and co-existence Culture may be the main factor complicating sustainability