Transcript The Louisiana Quadrangle Map Series

Sean Deinert and Sean Hodges
GDM International Services, Inc. - Middleburg, VA
LTC 2013
New Orleans Mediterranean
East
Dutch
Catalhöyük,
Map
USGS
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Map
Babylon
of
Quadrangle
Turkey
the
Seaca.
World
Chart
900
6200
Map
1689
1320
BC
BC1992
AD
AD
• Collection takes time
• Production takes time
• Updating is outpaced by real change
• Inconsistent updating leads to inconsistencies
• Costs to update outweigh benefit of the update
As lines cross map boundaries they do not meet their counterpart on the next map.
USGS maps are comprised of seven “framework themes” (water, elevation,
transportation, boundaries, benchmarks, vegetation, and structures). USGS did not
update all themes simultaneously. On this map, USGS has not updated the
hypsography theme. So, the old elevation contours (brown) lie in the updated water
(blue). The thick red lines show the photo-revised shoreline and other water features
from the 2004 orthophotos.
The yellow lines are where best-available digital data show the land-water boundary.
The image is post hurricane orthophotography. Neither match the maps.
Age of USGS 7.5-Minute Quadrangle Map Series in Louisiana
AK
Map Age as of February 2013
5 - 9 Years
14 Quads (2%)
10 - 14 Years 149 Quads (17%)
15 - 19 Years 167 Quads (19%)
20 - 24 Years 212 Quads (24%)
25 - 29 Years 104 Quads (12%)
30+ Years
233 Quads (26%)
DOTD Revised
MS
AL
TX
•
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All paper maps are 5 years or older
98% of paper maps are 10 years or older
81% of paper maps are 15 years or older
62% of paper maps are 20 years or older
38% of paper maps are 25 years or older
The Catahoula Quad is 113 years old!
• 1928 – Act 159 of 1928 establishes topographic mapping authority
• 2000 – The USGS ceases Topographic Map Program
• 2002 – The National Map becomes USGS mapping priority
• 2007 – USGS announced that it had no further work to complete in Louisiana
• Aug. 2007 – DOTD partners with GDM International Services Inc to provide
topographic mapping services for the State.
• 2007 - The Louisiana Seamless GIS Basemap Project begins with 4 main goals:
• Denote and acquire “best available” digital data from Local, State, and Federal sources
• Assess, revise, and compile sources into Seamless GIS Basemap
• Update National Hydrography Dataset watershed within project area
• Create USGS-like Topographic Maps for distribution
• 2010 – Act 782 of 2010 establishes La. R. S. 48:36 Topographic Mapping
•
Develop and maintain a statewide digital geospatial database
•
Act as authority for geographic names
•
Set standards for the mapping of topographic features
•
Plan and manage data collection for incorporation into a
statewide database
•
Promulgate rules and regulations… as are necessary for the
planning and managing of the geospatial data.
• Support the geospatial information and technology
requirements of LADOTD, Louisiana, and all other GIS users
• Meet the “AAAAA” Data Standard
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–
–
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Accurate
Authoritative
Actionable
Accessible
Affordable
• Establish and implement geospatial data standards, provide
data access, management, and distribution
Factor
Contribution to Data Quality
Accurate
The data adequately represents the state of the world in
space and time. Locations have sufficient precision for
their scale of use and data are current.
Authoritative
The source of the data provides sufficient quality control
to ensure its veracity and reliability.
Actionable
The data are well documented with metadata, require little
further assessment or manipulation, and can be put to
immediate use.
Accessible
The data are discoverable and available through direct
download or Service Oriented Architecture (SOA). Data
can be searched directly, selected, and accessed without
intervention by its provider.
Affordable
The data can be accessed with little or no cost to the user.
1:1,000 scale
Lakeshore Drive, Baton Rouge 2010
1998
2004
2005
2008
Traditional Basemap
Sources
New Digital
Database Format
GNIS, Local Data
USGS Quads, DOQQ
Annotation
BLM, Census, State Data
Census, State Data
Structures
Boundaries
Transportation
USGS NHD
LiDAR
LA
Seamless
Hydrography
Database
Contours
Vegetation
Orthophotography
BLM, Census, State Data
Land Use
1998 Lower Vacherie Quad
USGS 7.5’ Quadrangle
• Features marked
• Street locations
• Building locations
• What kind of school?
• What type of student body?
• Where is the school located?
2009 Lower Vacherie Quad
LA DOTD 7.5’ Quadrangle
• Features marked
• Street locations
• Building locations
• Lower Vacherie Elementary School
• Public, Pre-K - 8
• 13440 Highway 644, Vacherie, LA
• Julie Dauzat, Principal
Cartographic
Representation
Fixed. Data interpreted by a cartographer for presentation at a
single scale.
Boundary
Designed to a particular presentation and end at an edge. Creates
edge-matching issues. Paper maps don’t match because of thematic
and temporal differences.
Content
Fixed. Contents cannot change with time or be varied by the user for
their purpose. Updating requires complete revision. Map revisions
are not always vertically integrated.
Presentation
Fixed. Only information presented on the map is available through
symbology and labeling. No additional information is available to
the user. What you see is what you get. – WYSIWYG.
Storage and Retrieval
Take up a large volume of physical space. Susceptible to damage and
deterioration. Retrieval requires physical location, removal, and
transport of the media.
Field Use
Do not require electricity. Can be easily marked up. Can be
weather-proofed.
Cartographic
Representation
GIS data are stored as actual geometric features, but can be placed
on the map using various cartographic representations, based on data .
Boundary
Digital maps can utilize actual, surveyed, legal boundary data. The
data are seamless and represent the boundary and the area it
contains.
Content
Dynamic. Digital data can contain much more information than is
displayed. All of that information is remains available to the user for
searches, alternate presentations, and geoprocessing.
Presentation
Dynamic. Multiple fields of data can be used to present a map in
different ways, at the user’s discretion. Digital maps can be stored and
presented via different mediums; print, web maps, mobile devices, etc.
Storage and Retrieval
An entire atlas can be stored on a thumb drive. A single geodatabase
can contain all map elements and can provide them seamlessly to
anyone. Data are searchable and can be transported electronically.
Field Use
Data can be brought into the field on mobile devices or pushed to
remote users over a network or wirelessly. User maintains access to the
data and their GIS tools, to use it. However, all this requires equipment
and electricity that are not always available in the field.
Red features are from the NHD. Orange polygons are areas represented by NOAA as land in
1940 (most current data). These are now open water in the NHD.
• First “Coastal Louisiana” experience – Pass Manchac
• Old methods
• 60,000+ features revised
• 8 months+ to update and revise
• Manual table generation
• New Methods
• 31,000+ features revised
• ~5 months to update and revise
• Automated table generation
Revision Status of Watersheds in Louisiana
AR
Status as of February 2013
Complete
Conflation Not Started
In Process
MS
AL
TX
• What does a high rate of foreclosures tell us?
• It may tell us that an area is overpriced, or needs help bringing new
financing options to entice homebuyers.
• Areas high in foreclosures or other vacancies may be areas to monitor
more closely, in an effort to reduce potential crime.
• If the local economy is struggling, where can we best focus our resources?
• Foreclosures tend to be in disrepair. Poor curb presence decreases
property values around the foreclosures themselves, further creating
problems. Lower property values = Economic stagnation.
Agencies involved:
• Which areas are still to be rebuilt? What problems exist?
• Potential crime
• Health hazards
• Hurting industry
• Losing ground, and it’s effects:
• Affect the natural ecosystem of the State
• Affect transportation routes, and State economy as a result
• Loss of land invites further disaster
Agencies involved:
• The Basemap
• Outdated basemaps are not doing anyone any favors. The maps are
decades beyond their usefulness and need to be supplanted with newer
technology
• Converting traditional paper-based maps to computer-based GIS makes
sense, both financially and in terms of potential usefulness
• GIS seamless databases give us the opportunity to be freed from the
grips of the traditional “quad” map
• Enhancements
• Using data that your agencies are already collecting, we can incorporate
them into the new basemap and create new analyses
• By combining information between agencies we can save TIME and
MONEY