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Intro to Using Elluminate Welcome! If you’ve never used Elluminate: • Consider running the Audio Setup Wizard found under Tools > Audio > Audio Setup Wizard • Consider changing how you view tonight’s session in View > Layouts (mouse over “Layouts” to see the different options) • Have a piece of paper and pencil available! Johanna Tunon Johanna Tunon [email protected] APA Workshop AgendaAgenda • Why to cite sources and plagiarism • Text citations • Direct quotes and block quotes • Paraphrazing • Reference citations • Articles • Books • Other types of sources • Turnitin • APA video tutorial • Wrapping up APA Citation Why Cite? Why Cite? • To give credit to others ideas and words (this includes charts, tables, and other graphics) • To allow your reader to find your sources • Know what PLAGIARISM means and how you can avoid it! Cartoon “I like the writing in that paper. I only wish some of it had been yours.” Cartoon by Matthew Henry Hall (www.matthewhenryhall.com) Plagiarism and Self-Plagiarism • Plagiarism is defined as using another person’s ideas or words without giving them proper credit. • Re-using class assignments in other classes is a form of self-plagiarism. • Plagiarism can be grounds for dismissal. Graphic from San Jose State University plagiarism webpage (http://tutorials.sjlibrary.org/tutorial/plagiarism/tutorial/3plagiarism.htm) Types of Plagiarism Minor problem Extremely serious When to Cite a Reference Should I cite? Cardiff University When to Cite a Reference Is it a quote? https://ilrb.cf.ac.uk/plagiarism/tutorial/whento1.html Yes Use quotation marks and cite it with page number. No Yes Is it a paraphrase? Cite it with a text citation No Is it another’s idea/theory? Yes Cite it with a text citation No There is no need to cite if it’s common knowledge or your own thoughts. APA Terms Citation Terms • • • • • Direct Quotes Block Quotes Paraphrasing Parenthetical text citations Reference citations APA Citation: Direct&and Block Quotes Direct Block Quotations DIRECT According to Mickalowski, Mickelson, and Keltgen (2008), “Apple parlayed the strong reputation of the Apple brand and the iPod’s success to enter a lucrative cell phone market” (p. 283). BLOCK However, there are differing opinions about Apple’s iPhone launch: Apple parlayed the strong reputation of the Apple brand and the iPod’s success to enter a lucrative cell phone market, a step that may ward off a potential threat to Apple as other companies introduce devices that have strong music-storing and playback capabilities. (Mickalowski, Mickelson, & Keltgen, 2008, pp. 283-284) When using a direct quote, provide the page #: When Using a Block Quote “… victims of cyberterrorism” (Windhorst, 2004, p. 237) . Krankenstein (2006) reported that "empirical research verified compliance" (p. 48). Lynch (2007) stated, “The findings are not valid” (p. 22) but later maintained that other studies reached different conclusions. “…in a dictionary” (Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 2001, p. 346). See APA, Chapter 6, p. 171-173 Paraphrasing: Rewording More Than 50% Direct quote “Signed into law in January 2002 by President George W. Bush, the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act signaled the nation’s most sweeping education reform of federal education policy in decades. NCLB laid the groundwork for education reforms and the president’s attempt to strengthen America’s education system” (Smith, 2008, p. 212). Paraphrased When the No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act was signed into law in January of 2002 by President Bush, the law provided the most all-encompassing reform in education the United States in decades and provided a foundation for strengthening educational policy at the national level for years to come (Smith, 2008). APA manual, pp. 170-171 Words Used Verbatim: Cited But Not Quoted Turnitin Report: Assignment Not Paraphrased APA Citation: Paraphrased Paraphrased Information Information BEGINNING OF SENTENCE Mickalowski, Mickelson, and Keltgen (2008) believe Apple used their lead in the portable music player market to strategically time the iPhone’s launch. MIDDLE OF SENTENCE Without the success of the iPod, Mickalowski, Mickelson, and Keltgen (2008) believe Apple’s launch of the iPhone would not have been profitable as it was. END OF SENTENCE The success of Apple’s iPhone launch is strongly tied to the existing success of the iPod (Mickalowski, Mickelson, & Keltgen, 2008). PARAPHRASING • TIP: Read the original material, put it out of sight, and restate the idea/concept in your own words. • Must be cited with the author and year of publication of the original source; page number is optional. (Page number is required for direct quotes!) Citing Resources Citing Resources in Text in Text Research (Fink, 2007) confirmed the results of cloning. The website did not support the data (Wienhorst, n.d.). A couple of studies (Gehring & Eifrig, 1976; Skinner, 1956) found.... [in alphabetical order] See APA manual, pp. 176-178. Reference ReferenceCitations Citation Start list on a new page, with References centered at the top of the page. • Double spaced with hanging indent • Alphabetize by author’s last name or name of the corporate author • Every in-text citation should be listed in your references; every reference should have a corresponding in-text citation! Journal JournalArticle ArticleCitations Citation Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author C. C. (YEAR). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Vol(Issue), pp-pp. doi:xx.xxxxxxxxxx Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (YEAR). Title of article. Title of Periodical, Vol(Issue), pp-pp. Retrieved from http://www.journalhomepage.com Citing indentation Journal Articles Hanging Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. •Hanging indentations See APA (6th ed.), p. 37 Using Microsoft Word for a Hanging Indentation Citing Journal Author field Articles Author(s) Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. • Initials, not first names. •Ampersand (&), not the word and • Comma before the ampersand. • Space between initials See APA manual (6th ed,), p. 184 Citing Journal Articles From Journal Articles Year Citing of publication field an Online Database Year of publication Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. • Enclosed in parentheses • Period after the parentheses • No month or day if the publication is a journal, not a magazine, newsletter, or newspaper article. See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 185 Citing Journal Articles From Citing Journal Articles Retrieved Full Text Online Citing Journal Articles Article Title an Online Database Article title Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. • Only first word in title and subtitle should be be capitalized as well as any proper names. • A period at the end of the title. • Include one spacesafter the period, not two. See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 87, 185 Citing Journal Articles Journal title field Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. • Journal title should have all important words capitalized. • It is italicized • The journal title is followed by a comma See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 186 Journal title Citing Articles Publication info CitingJournal Journal Articles Watkins, R., & Schlosser, C. D. (2010). It’s not about time: A fresh approach to educational equivalency. TechTrend, 24(3), 34-47. • • Volume, issue, and page number(s) • • The volume number is italicized There should be no space between the volume number and issue number Enclose issue number in parentheses and follow by a comma Do not use p. or pp. for journal articles. See APA manual (6th ed.), p. 186 David Christian and Nancy Rhodes. Fostering Foreign Example Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Take a minute and try formatting this into a correct APA citation. David Christian andEx. Nancy Rhodes. Fostering Foreign - Authors Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. David Christian and Nancy Ex. Rhodes. Date Fostering Foreign Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). David Christian and Rhodes. Fostering Foreign Ex.Nancy Article Title Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. David Christian and Rhodes.title Fostering Foreign Ex.Nancy Journal Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, DavidEx. Christian andIssue, Nancy Rhodes. Foreign Vol., PageFostering Numbers Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. David Christian and Nancy Rhodes. Fostering Foreign Ex. Retrieval Statement Language Proficiency: What the US Can Learn from Other Countries. Phi Delta Kappan. Vol. 87. Issue number 3. Pages 226-8. May 2012 Available: www.phideltakappan. org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. Retrieved from http://www .phideltakappan.org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: Ex.What DOIthe U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. Retrieved from http://www .phideltakappan.org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. doi:10.405089.2034.232 Example of a DOI New DOI Format Being Used Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: WhatURL the U.S. can learn Ex. DOI from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. Retrieved from http://www .phideltakappan.org/2005/3/christian_rhodes.pdf Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. doi:10.405089.2034.232 Christian, D., & Rhodes, N. (2012). Fostering foreign language proficiency: What the U.S. can learn from other countries. Phi Delta Kappan, 87(3), 226-228. http://dx.doi.org/10.405089.2034.232 APA : Whole Books BookCitation Reference Citation Author, A. A. (YEAR). Title of book. Location: Publisher. Isaacson, W. (2011). Steve Jobs. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. APA Citation: Book Chapters Book Chapter Author, A. A. (YEAR). Title of chapter or entry. InTitle of book. Location: Publisher. American Psychological Association. (2010). Reference examples. In Publication manual of the American Psychological Association. Washington, DC: Author. APA Citation : Ebooks Ebooks Cretu, A. E., & Brodie, R. J. (2009). Brand image, corporate reputation, and customer value. In R. Glynn & S. Woodside (Eds.). Business-to-business brand management: Theory, research and executive case study exercises (pp. 263-387). doi:10.1108/S1069-0964(2009)0000015011 Document Type: Not Delivery Method or Format APA Citation: Other Other Online Online Sources Sources Stanford University. (2008, March 7). Steve Jobs’ 2005 Stanford commencement address [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =UF8uR6Z6KLc • Page entitled References • Hanging indentations •APA uses double spacing. Check with your academic program because a lot of programs single space citations. • Double space between citations • Use italics, do not underline Reference Section Reference section WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW References centered 32 Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. • Alphabetical order, See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 193-215 • Page entitled References • Hanging indentations • Single space in citations (NOTE: FSEHS style) • Double space between citations • Use italics, do not underline Reference Page Hanging indentations WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW 32 References Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. • Alphabetical order, Then by date O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 193-215 Using Microsoft Word’s formatting for hanging indentations Example in MSWord 2003 • Go to Format. • Select Paragraph. • In Indents and Spacing • Go to the Special section. • Select Hanging. Hanging Hangingindentations Indentationsusing UsingWord Word2007 2007 Jones, R. N., del Rio, J. A., Humenik, J. A., García, E. O., & Ramírez, A. M. (2001). Citation mining: Integrating text mining and bibliometrics for research user profiling. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 52, 1148-1156. • Page entitled References Reference Page Italicize journal and book titles • Hanging indentations •APA uses double spacing. Check with your academic program because a lot of programs single space citations. WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW 32 References Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. • Alphabetical order, Then by date In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 193-215 • Page entitled References AlphabetizeReference authorsPage in reference • Hanging list indentations A WHAT STUDENTS NEED TO KNOW 32 References • APA uses double spacing. Check with your academic program because a lot of programs single space citations. • Alphabetical order Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. Z See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 193-215 Alphabetize by date and article Reference Page title • Hanging • Page entitled References indentations • APA uses double spacing. Check with your academic program because a lot of programs single space citations. • Use italics, do not underline 32 References Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, • Alphabetical order, and Then by date Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. See APA manual (6th ed.), pp. 193-215 Reference Page DOIs 32 • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) References Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. doi:10.1037/0002-9432.76.4.482 Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. Reference Page Retrieval statements 32 • Digital Object Identifier (DOI) • Use retrieval statements for the exact journal home URL. References Kennedy, J. D. (2005). Master's and doctoral thesis citations: Analysis and trends of a longitudinal study. Portal, 3, 459-479. Retrieved from http://www.portal.org Kennedy, J. D. (2009a). Identifying uniform core journal titles for music libraries: A dissertation citation study. College & Research Libraries, 60(2), 153-163. Kennedy, J. D. (2009b). Measuring the use and value of electronic journals and books. Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship, 43(3), 33-43. Morner, C. J. (1995). Measuring the library research skills of education doctoral students. In R. AnRhein (Ed.), Continuity & transformation: The promise of confluence. Proceedings of the Seventh National Conference of the Association of College and Research Libraries, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, March 29-April 1, 1995 (pp. 381-391). Chicago, IL: Association of College and Research Libraries. O'Connor, D. O., & Voos, H. (2008). Empirical laws, theory construction, and bibliometrics. In J. Smith & B. B. Jones, New adventures on the Web. Springfield, MA: Springer Verlag. Turnitin Originality Report: The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly 48% of Paper Used Verbatim Found Using Turnitin Words in blue • were taken Researchers have noted adjustment problems during a rising ninth grader’s verbatim from transition period. The rising ninth graders’ grade point averages and oneattendance source. tend to decrease. The upcoming freshman experience feelings of connectedness, and co-curricular participation. They also experience an increase in anxiety concerning school procedures and older students, social difficulties. So far, transition programs Wordshave in redvaried widely within schools, and designs range from a one-day overview oftaken a new school to a full school year of career-focused were curriculum. Although the scope of research varies as much as the programs from a aspects have been emphasized, and it is apparent themselves, verbatim several important second source. that longer-term comprehensive transition programming can be beneficial. Dropout There is a high school dropout epidemic in America. Each year, almost one-third of all public high school students – and nearly one-half of all blacks, Hispanics and Native Americans – fail to graduate from public high school (Bridgeland, Dilulio, Jr., and Morison, 2006). The most common reasons for dropping out of high school are attitude towards school, poor school performance, and poor relationship with teachers. Dropouts also had lower academic performance, decreased motivation, and an increased sense of alienation from the (Lan& Lanthier,2003). 2003). Research also revealed that high school environment (Lan (Lan &&Lanthier, Lanthier, 2003). school students often consider the social organizational changes and academic work as the most difficult part of transition (Akos, 2004). Only a few words were paraphrased. Video Tutorials Tab: http://nova.campusguides.com/apa Video Tutorials Tab: http://nova.campusguides.com/apa Satisfaction Survey Satisfaction Survey Please go to http://nova.campusguides.com/survey Pick the Johanna Tunon tab and answer the short four-question survey. Thanks! Questions? Questions Thank you! If you have any questions, please contact the library at: 954.262.4613 (local) 800.541.6682 x24613 (within the U.S.) www.nova.edu/library/main