Transcript Diapositiva 1 - GlobColour Project

Contribution of
Medspiration/GHRSST products to
Mediterranean applications of
SST
Rosalia Santoleri (1)
Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli (1) Nadia Pinardi (2)
(1) CNR - Istituto di Scienze dell’Atmosfera e del Clima – sezione di Roma
(2) Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia
[email protected];
Outline
• Mediterranean SST processing chain at
GOS & its products
• Use of SST in the MFS Mediterranean
ocean forecasting system
• Dissemination to users
• Future Plans
MED-SST Products:
GOS involvement in national and
international projects/programmes
Mediterranean Forecasting System
Adricosm
Medspiration
GODAE Global High Resolution
Mersea
SST Pilot Project (GHRSST-PP)
PRIMI
CNR-ISAC-GOS SST
processing chain
(operative since
October 1998) has
been designed to
provide SST data for
assimilation in the
MFS forecasting
model. MFS_SST are
daily optimally
Interpolated Sea
Surface Temperature
(OISST) maps
produced in near real
time at 5 Km
resolution
(1/16°x1/16° MFS
model grid)
The same OI
scheme has also
Since July 2006, In been used to
the framework of
perform a ReMERSEA, CNRAnalysis (RAv0) of
ISAC also produces AVHRR Pathfinder
multi-sensors
SST time series,
OISST maps
from 1985 to 2005
merging a variety of by CNR-GOS in
sensors (AVHRR,
collaboration with
MODIS, SEVERI,
ENEA. This
AATSR) as
product has also
contribution to the
been used to build
GODAE/GHRSSTup a Med SST
PP
climatology
http://gos.ifa.rm.cnr.it/
The Mediterranean GOS L4 SST processor
flow chart
MF
AVHRR acquisition
Atlantic buffer zone + west Med
ISAC
AVHRR acquisition
Entire Mediterranean
Night-time SST using MF algorithm
Night-time SST using Pathfinder algorithm
Cloud detection
Cloud detection
SST daily composite
binning on model grid
(1/16x1/16)
SST daily composite
binning on model grid
(1/16x1/16)
L2P GHRSST
Products
Data merging
ISAC
Data quality controll
Optimal Interpolation
Data delivery
GOS SST Multi-senosorsProcessing Chain:
LOGICAL VIEW
GHRSST
GDAC L2P data
CNR-ISAC
AVHRR L2 data
M1: L2P data acquisition
M2: SST Extraction/Editing
M3: SST data merging
CNR-ISAC
administrator
M4: SST OI interpolation
M5: OUTPUT delivery
MFS SST users
Input Data
Data
identifier
GHRSST - L2P SST
EXT.DAT.001
CNR-ISAC - L2 SST
EXT.DAT.002
PRIMI – L4 HR SST
EXT.DAT.101
PRIMI – L4 UHR SST
EXT.DAT.102
EXT.DAT.001: all the L2P night time data available from GHRSST:
ATS_NR_2P, ENVISAT AATSR near real time SSTskin data
AVHRR18_G, AVHRR NOAA-18 GAC derived SST data
AVHRR18_L, AVHRR NOAA-18 LAC derived SST data
AVHRR17_G, AVHRR NOAA-17 GAC derived SST data
AVHRR17_L, AVHRR NOAA-17 LAC derived SST data
NAR18, AVHRR NOAA-18 derived SST data
NAR17, AVHRR NOAA-17 derived SST data
SEVIRI, MSG-SEVIRI derived SST data
MODIS_A, EOS AQUA MODIS derived SST data
MODIS_T, EOS TERRA MODIS derived SST data
EXT.DAT.002: AVHRR L2 SST from NOAA18 NOAA17 acquired and
processed by CNR-ISAC Rome HRPT station
Data Merging
Reference sensor ”merged files”
•
Interpolation uses in input ‘merged’ files (1 SST map per day)
•
The reference sensor (assumed with zero bias against in situ
SST) is used for the adjustment of the SST values measured by
the other sensors. The reference sensors were selected on the
basis of sensors evaluation, they are:
ATS_NR_2P NAR17 (MODIS_T, 4 micron)
•
Evaluation of the bias between reference sensor and the other
sensors is performed on collated pixels on a daily basis (only if
sufficient co-located pixels are found)
•
Merging procedure selects valid pixels using first high resolution
L2P data the sensor sequence listed below:
ATS_NR_2P , NAR17, MODIS_T, NAR18 , MODIS_A,
AVHRR17_L, AVHRR18_L, SEVIRI, AVHRR18_G,
AVHRR17_G
Sensors Evaluation
SEVIRI
MODIS Terra (11micron)
MODIS Aqua (11 micron)
MBE=-0.07 °C
MBE=-0.21 °C
MBE=-0.34 °C
Rms=0.51 °C
Rms=0.38 °C
Rms=0.55 °C
NAR17
MODIS Terra (4 micron)
MODIS Aqua (4 micron)
MBE=-0.002 °C
MBE=-0.04 °C
MBE=-0.16 °C
Rms=0.49 °C
Rms=0.33 °C
Rms=0.54 °C
SST INTERPOLATION by Optimal Interpolation
~ n n 1
~
est ( x)     Aij Cxj ( obsi   )
C xi   ( x ) obsi   ( x ) i
i 1 j 1
Medspiration results:
C (r , t )  e

t

e

r
L
L =180 km
τ =7 days
The Interpolation is performed in space and time, using a
time series of daily SST maps: (1 SST map per day)
The scheme drives a ‘multi-basin’ analysis to avoid data
propagation across land, from one sub-basin to the other.
NRT OISST map is produced every day at 6 am.
Delayed OISST map is produced every day after 7 days
The outputs are follows GHRSST convetion (netCDF, Climate and
Forecast (CF) Metadata convention versione 1.0)
CNR-ISAC-GOS L4_processors configuration
MFS (AVHRR in input)
MBE=-0.26
°C°C
MBE=-0.11
Rms=0.52
°C
Rms=0.52°C
MFS (L2P in input)
MBE=-0.08 °C
Rms=0.46 °C
The warm summer
2006
The 2006 SST
anomaly was
monitored in
near real time by
the GOS SST
Processing
system
daily SST
anomaly respect
to the 1985-2004
climatology
Time series of
SST mean in the
West Med
MFS Monitoring System:
•Multiparametric buoys (M3A) in Ligurian, Adriatic and
Cretan Sea
•XBT VOS/SOOP
•ARGO FLOAT (MedArgo)
•Daily SST from satellite interpolated in RT on
the model grid (1/16°x1/16°)
•SLA from satellite (Jason1, GFO, ENVISAT and T/P)
•Open ocean monitoring by gliders
•Scatterometer daily winds analysis on a grid of
1/2°x1/2° (soon a new real time analysis ready)
Basin scale forecasting system:
NUMERICAL MODEL:
MFS1671
BATHYMETRY (m)
•Horizontal resolution 1/16°x1/16°
•Vertical resolution 72 unevenly spaced
levels
•Numerical code: OPA 8.2
•Close boundaries in the Atlantic ocean
•Free surface parameterization
•Asyncrhronously coupled with ECWF
analyses or forecasts atmospheric fields
DATA ASSIMILATION SCHEME:
•SOFA: reduced order Optimal
Interpolation scheme
•Intermittent (24hr) assimilation of:
Satellite SLA
Vertical profiles (T & S)
Satellite SST
Xa  Xb  K(Yo  H (Xb ))
K  BHT (HBHT  R) 1
T
X  T S  U V 
The present day MFS (SYS3)
weekly assimilation system
ECMWF FC
ECMWF AN
Wed
Wed Thu
Fri
Sat
Sun Mon
Tue
J-14
J-7
J-5 J-4 J-3 J-2
J-1
Wed
J
Thu Fri
Wed Thu Fri
J+1 J+2
J+7 J+8 J+9
SLA
SSTFORECAST
XBT RELEASE
ARGO
Data are disseminated through a Web/ftp
service (www.bo.ingv.it/mfstep)
Air-sea Physics and SST assimilation
Air-Sea physics
•surface solar radiation computed from astronomical formulas - Reed
(1977)
•net longwave flux formula - Bignami (1995)
•sensible and latent heat flux- Kondo (1975)
•wind stress calculated from Hellerman and Rosensenstein formula
•Water flux: relaxation to monthly mean climatology from MedAtlas
Atmospheric Forcing
•6 hours analyses and forecast surface state variables from ECMWF 0.5 x
0.5 degrees: air and dew point temperature, mean sea level pressure,
clouds, 10 m winds
SST assimilation
•The net heat flux is corrected by a relaxation (constant coefficient at this
point, 20 W/m2/degC) to satellite SST (T*) each model time step with the
following formula:
Q
Qcorr  Q 
T
(T  T * )
T T *
DT evaluation of the basin scale forecast:
comparison with indipendent buoy data
Temperature:
VALENCIA
ALBORAN
Forecast production and broadcast:
•Every day a 10 days forecast is produced in Real Time (11hr delay)
•Once a week, 15 past days analyses are produced with the assimilation
of all available data
(SST contribution)
•Every day a Web Bulletin is published
(SST contribution)
•Every month an electronic monthly bulletin is released on the web site
describing the results of the MFS system for the previous month
together with anomalies and climatic indices (SST contribution)
•Every day the model data (& GOS SST data) are available through a
dedicated ftp to users
www.bo.ingv.it/mfs
MFS disseminate daily forecasts to
11 nested models
ESEOO
POSEIDON
Sub-regional models at 3 km
Shelf models at 1-2 km
Summary of SST Dissemination to
Mediterranean Users
• Primary user of SST is the MFS at INGV
• National forecasting Systems and MOON operational
system throughout MOON MoU (31 centres)
• Research and educational users (> 200)
– Research studies, cruises planning, etc
• Commercial Users
– ENI-AGIP, Telespazio
• Environmental Agency:
– EEA (SST contribution Climate change report 2008, contribution
to the monthly bulletin in discussion)
– UNEP/MAP (draft of the monthly bulletin is already proposed)
MoU is in discussion
– Agreement with Italian Meteorological service for use the SST in
their broadcast system is under discussion
Conclusion and Future plans
• The Satellite Observing System of the Mediterranean Sea provides
NRT, DT, and re-analysis satellite products in agreement with the
requirements of the MCS core products
• This system will be the MOON component of the SST-TAC of MCS
in the framework of MyOcean
• The CNR processing SST chains will be modified to provide also
Black Sea products in accordance with the MyOcean requirements
• In the framework of National Projects (Adricosm & PRIMI):
– new multi-sensors UHR SST products will be developed for the Italian
Sea (Adriatic, Sicily Channel, Tyrrhenian Sea at 1 Km resolution)
– the new SST products will be assimilation in the Adriatic, Sicily Channel
forecasting models
– The SST assimilation scheme will modified to take into account that the
characteristics satellite SST (e. g. restoring coefficient depending on
wind intensity & regime, e.g. Artale et al. JGR 2002 )