Transcript Kenya Electoral Violence

United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
(Geographical Coordination and Monitoring Section)
Kenya Electoral Violence
IASC
9th January 2008
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Humanitarian Overview
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Political violence taken on ethnic dimensions
Roots in long standing perceived/actual inequalities
‘Protection’ Crisis. Protection must be ‘mainstreamed’ through all interventions.
500+ people killed. Most violence directed at Kikuyus.
Government of Kenya estimates 255,000 people internally displaced. UN will use these figures. 3
month timeframe
Tension easing in some pockets of the country, but increased displacement of people in other
areas, who are now camping in police stations, churches, schools and market centres.
Movement of people around Eldoret and Kericho: convoys observed moving out of Eldoret and
heading for Nakuru (estimates of 50,000 people?).
Busia, Bungoma, Burnt Forest, Eldoret, Kibera and Mathare reported as the worst affected areas.
Many people were vulnerable before the violence: moderate/chronic malnutrition, poor access to
health facilities and livelihood opportunities.
Assessments ongoing. Humanitarian action reports (see following slides) not based on needs
assessments, but upon what has been delivered. This should be improved with implementation of
cluster reporting. Must ensure that response is needs based and proportional.
Previous displacements have resulted in land dispossession and need for resettlement (especially
true in Rift valley where Kikuyus were given land in Kenyetta era, and now displaced to Nakuru)
Most aid delivery is/will be done by KRCS and NGOs and local partners. Need for strong
coordination and reporting to avoid duplication and gaps. Local capacity should be supported and
not undermined.
Kenya has had ongoing humanitarian concerns (Tana river flooding displacements, Mount Elgon
and Molo pre election displacements, potential locust infestations ?)
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Refugees
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3,300 Kenyans have crossed to Uganda:
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1,300 are in Malaba,
1, 400 in Busia and 600 in Lwakava. Most of the people in Lwakava are from
Bungoma region and were affected by conflict in Mt Elgon.
Displaced in Busia and Malaba were people who were staying in the two border
towns.
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The Uganda Government is taking the lead in humanitarian assistance with help from
Uganda Red Cross Society.
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Confirmation was received that Tanzania and Uganda borders are both officially
closed but people are still managing to get out.
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UNHCR has been asked by the Government of Uganda to assist with a few tents that
can house the most vulnerable and establish medical centres.
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Political Developments
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Impasse continues between President Kibaki and Raila Odinga . However, some
indication that both sides are showing signs of flexibility.
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Kibaki willing to consider a re-run/re-count following established mechanisms.
Opposition rejects this saying it has little faith in the independence of national
institutions.
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New cabinet formed. Musyoka, who came third in election, named as vice-president.
No-one from the main opposition party was appointed. Violence reported in Nairobi
against Musyoka’s Kamba ethnic group (from east Kenya). Violent protest also in
Kisumu.
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Kibaki has sent delegation to meet President Kufuor in Ghana to discuss AU
mediation. Kufuor now in Nairobi. High profile international mediation efforts.
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Internal mediation efforts by ‘Partnership for Peace network’. Apparently successful in
influencing the opposition to call off rally twice now.
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Parliament opens 15th January (?)
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SG hopes to appoint Special Envoy.
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Humanitarian Response
(Food)
Response:
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Eldoret: 380 tons of pulses, nutritious corn-soya blend (CSB) and vegetable oil,
enough food to feed more than 38,000 displaced for two weeks.
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Nairobi: stocks that WFP can draw on as soon as a plan to provide food assistance
to the hungry in Nairobi’s slums is agreed by the Kenya Red Cross Society (KRC),
other partners, church-based organizations and the authorities.
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Kisumu: 40 tons, where WFP partners report 3,000 displaced people are in
desperate need of food.
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Northern Rift Valley KRCS distributed 229 tons of food to 42,000 people One issue
is that the displaced population is in flux with people using the relative calm to move.
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WFP is drawing on stocks from its other operations in Kenya. The borrowed food for
the current emergency will need to be repaid.
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Humanitarian Response
(Shelter/NFI)
Response:
• (2,000 “housing plots” prepared by IOM and the Kenya Red Cross in Eldoret Will
shelter 10,000 people and eventually accommodate 30,000 IDPs)
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ICRC/KRCS: Eldoret, Kisumu, Nairobi (sent for distribution/distributed)
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Kitchen sets:
Blankets:
Mosquito nets:
Tarpaulin:
Jerry cans:
3,300
14,300
7,500
7,300
13,800
Planned:
• UNICEF pre-positioned 15,000 family kits including blankets, plastic sheeting,
cooking sets, soap and jerry cans sufficient for 100,000 people. KRCS will distribute
8,000 of these.
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UNHCR: Has supplies for 50,000 people in Nairobi and will bring in additional items
from regional stockpiles for another 50,000 people. 24 tonnes of blankets and soap
moved from Dadaab warehouses.
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Humanitarian Response
(Water Sanitation Hygiene)
(Nutrition)
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Need
• Anticipated that malnutrition will
rapidly worsen due to insecurity and
lack of access to food and assistance,
destruction of farms and loss of family
livelihoods.
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Water situation improved in Eldoret,
Burnt Forest and Nakuru with the
IDPS enjoying running water (KRCS)
Londiani, an IDP camp comprising 408
families (75 % children under 10 y.o)
using one stand pipe with no storage
capacity. Supplementary water supply
from river is 2 kms away (KRCS)
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Many children already living in ultrapoverty at bare subsistence levels.
Response: (No reports on completed
activities)
Planned
• UNICEF aiming for life-saving water
and sanitation for 100,000 IDPs;
• Oxfam moving watsan equipment for
50,000 people.
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Humanitarian Response
(Health)
Need:
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Health centers in many areas rendered non-functional due to limited staff and lack of
supplies (MSF)
Dozens of cases of rape and GBV reported and need for post-rape treatment.
Concerns over continued supply of medication to 3,000 TB and HIV/AIDS patients in
Kibera and other parts of W. Kenya: population displacements could interrupt
treatment protocols
Response:
• GoK also provided 3.5 MT assorted medicines for IDPs in Eldoret, Kisumu, Homa
Bay, Kitale and Nandi.
• ICRC surgical teams in Eldoret and Bingoma
• MSF is supporting health services in Eldoret, Mt Elgon, Busia, Kisumu, Kuresoi and in
Kibera and Mathare Valley areas of Nairobi.
• UNFPA is donating 1,000 post rape kits to Nairobi Women’s Hospital
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Humanitarian Response
(Education)
Need:
• The Government has announced that opening of schools will be delayed by one week
to January 15th.
• 4,500 +/- primary schools are in the affected areas: student population of 2.16 million
• It is assumed that at least a quarter of these children will be in areas and have
difficulty attending school
Response (No reports on completed activities)
Planned (no numbers)
• Set up temporary classrooms (tents);
• Train teachers and School Management Committees, to identify and support children
who have witnessed or been exposed to violence and are suffering from stress;
• Provision of education kits and recreational kits ;
• Psycho-social social support (families/children and women);
• Education for tolerance and citizenship (with special attention to HIV/AIDS and
Peace).
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Coordination
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No official request from the Government of Kenya for international assistance
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Emergency response coordination in Kenya is usually led by the Office of the
President, primarily to respond to chronic crisis. The National Disaster Operations
Centre has been tasked with overall coordination of the emergency response as of
January 5th.
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The Kenya Red Cross Society is mandated by the government as the leading
agency in sudden onset disasters and has offered to provide interim coordination
leadership. Since the KRCS may be overstretched, shared KRCS-UN coordination is
being explored linked with the UN DMT, built on cluster approach.
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District commissioners have been organizing and coordinating local relief efforts
through district development committees and in conjunction with humanitarian
partners.
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Not an HC country. OCHA has sent surge capacity to support the RC.
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Cluster approach requested by Nairobi for endorsement by IASC 9th January.
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OCHA has set up a centralized information centre that should be accessed through:
http://ochaonline2.un.org/Default.aspx?tabid=10370
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Security and Access
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No security issues affecting humanitarian personnel reported.
Situation calming but still characterized as tense and unstable.
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UN Security Phases:
– 2 in Nairobi and Mombassa
– 3 in Eldoret, Nyanza and western provinces (pending SG approval).
UNDSS assessment mission ongoing, due to report back at the weekend.
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Delays and back log at Mombassa port.
Aid moving to Eldoret with military escort (transporters wouldn’t travel without)
Reports of displaced people moving from Eldoret to Nakuru with military escort.
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Ethnicity of national staff an issue???
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Funding
(reported by governments on relief web)
Pledges
Netherlands:
United Kingdom:
Ireland:
Canada:
Australia:
Germany:
United States
Switzerland:
TOTAL
Who/what
$2,200,000
$2,000,000
$1,470,000
$1,000,000
$ 880,000
$ 440,000
$ 200,000
$180,000
$ 8,370,000
ICRC/KRCS: emergency supplies/water/medical
ICRC/KRCS: medical/food/water/NFI/shelter
Concern/Trocaire: shelter/sanitation/food
ICRC/KRCS: food/shelter/water/health
n/a
ICRC/KRCS: food/NFI/hygiene/medical/water
ICRC/KRCS: incl blankets/shelter
ICRC/KRCS: logistical/material support
Flash Appeal expected next week.
CERF request with OCHA NY for ‘fast tracking’
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Regional Aspects
Somalia:
• International media has shifted its attention away from ‘ worst
humanitarian crisis in Africa’.
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Logistical impact minimal:
– UNHAS flights resumed on Sunday 5th January,
– Reported problems at the port of Mombassa have not affected its operations or
the delivery of food aid to Somalia.
– Staff able to travel as usual
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The fuel situation in the region affected with sharp price rises in particular Rwanda,
Uganda and DRC.
Kenya:
• Economic impact is expected with the shilling dropping and Kenya stock market
registering losses of up to 10%. GoK estimates a loss of $1 Billion so far.
• North Eastern Province, and Turkana districts reporting commercial and transport
disruptions; price rises and food scarcity
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