Transcript Document

14-19 UPDATE AND
ISSUES TO CAMPAIGN ON
January 2012
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16-19 Funding Structures
Department Education (DfE) to simplify and streamline
the structure and processes relating to 16-19 funding.
There will no longer be a requirement for local
authorities to form Sub-Regional Groups and Regional
Planning Groups.
The Education Funding Agency will be responsible for
making financial payments to general Further
Education (FE) colleges,
Sixth Form Colleges and
other training providers. School Sixth Forms will
continue to be funded by local authorities.
National Commissioning Framework disbanded.
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16-19 Funding Structures
(cont’d)
The Union’s 16-19 Funding Campaign – this will be
underway with organisations such as the NUS, NUT,
Unison and UCU. The campaign will be to fight against
cuts in 16-19 funding. The campaign will highlight the
impact of the cuts in 16-19 funding and emphasise the
loss of skills and opportunities amongst young people if
these cuts are not revised.
It is anticipated that there with be an eighteen per cent
cuts to sixth form colleges and school sixth forms.
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Diploma Entitlements
Diploma entitlement abandoned.
Diplomas to be left to market forces.
The bureaucracy and ‘unnecessary’ cost associated
with the requirement that every school offers access to
every Diploma line removed.
From 2012 onwards, there will be no requirement to
obtain approval from the DfE before delivering new
Diploma subjects.
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The National Curriculum
The Review of the National Curriculum
Call for evidence – April 2011.
September 2012 – new programmes of study for the core
subjects made available to schools.
September 2013 – teachers of new programmes of study
for core subjects to become statutory.
September Early 2012 – public consultation on Phase
One recommendations including draft programmes of
study for core subjects in KS1-4.
2014 – teaching of new programmes of study for all other
subjects will become statutory.
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Ministerial Statement December 2011
Initial Findings and Recommendations
The Expert Panel’s initial recommendations advocated
that the approach to assessment and pupil progression
used in ‘high performing jurisdictions’ such as the most
successful South-Eastern Asian education system
should be ‘a lesson’ that England replicates.
That is, that every pupil ‘masters’ the subject content
before a class moves on to tackle the next part of the
curriculum.
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Ministerial Statement December 2011
(cont’d)
There should be ‘higher expectations’ of pupils in maths,
English and science.
Examples from Singapore,
Hong Kong, Singapore, Canada and Poland include:
–
pupils expected to know all their timetables and
related division facts by the end of Year 4;
–
pupils expected to learn about plant and animal cells
in Year 6, including how cell division forms the basis
of growth (this is not done until secondary schools in
England);
–
a separate section on grammar in the curriculum with
‘clear standards’ which must be met;
–
‘high expectations’ in recommended reading,
including Homer, Chekhov and Shakespeare.
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Ministerial Statement December 2011
(cont’d)
GCSE Reforms
More radical reforms of GCSE qualifications.
New Timetable Changes for the Curriculum
New curricular for English, mathematics, science and
PE for all subjects to be introduced in 2014.
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National Curriculum :
Conference Resolution
The NUT will continue to campaign against the
curriculum being a party political football.
No further changes should be made to the curriculum
unless they are based on genuinely independent
evidence and evaluation prior to full implementation.
Campaign for the Union’s alternative to the current
testing regime and focus on forms of teacher
assessment which are under teachers’ control.
Promote a broad and balanced curriculum that is not
heavily prescriptive in content with a narrow focus on
traditional subject areas.
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The ‘Driving Up’ of Standards Agenda –
A Levels
More rigour at A levels – A* grade.
The intention to abandon AS levels.
More focus on academic qualifications – review of A levels linear A levels. Rules to be changed so that resits are
prevented.
International General Certificate of Secondary Education
(IGCSE).
University entrance examinations for schools/colleges/ more
Pre-U examinations.
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Raising the Participation Age
All young people will continue in education until 17, from 2013,
and to 18, from 2015.
What will their options be?
Full time education – school or college?
Part-time education or training if employed, self-employed
or volunteering for more than 20 hours a week?
Training places – employee release?
What about
employers who do not offer training to their employees?
Funding for students to support young people staying on
in education and training.
Bringing funding levies for school sixth forms in line with
college funding will be financially inadequate in order for
this initiative to succeed.
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Raising the Participation Age
(cont’d)
More apprenticeships for young people. New youth
contract which will include at least 40,000 financial
incentives for small businesses to take on a young
apprentice.
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Higher Education – Raising of Fees?
Leading universities have demanded the power to charge
unlimited fees in order to maintain their world-class reputation
for teaching and research. Already some HE institutions have
increased fees to £9,000.
This undermines efforts to widen access to Higher
Education for all young people.
How does Higher Education value a wide range of entry
qualifications?
Aim Higher initiative has been targeted for funding cuts.
This was an initiative that supported outreach work
between universities and schools to encourage students
from disadvantaged backgrounds to consider applying to
university.
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Higher Education – Raising of Fees?
(cont’d)
Eighty six per cent cuts to teaching budgets in Higher
Education.
Unrestricted recruitment of higher achieving students to
universities for those scoring the equivalent of AAB
grades or above at A level.
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Enrichment Activities
for 16-18 year olds
Funded guided learning hours for the ‘entitlement
curriculum’ (enrichment/tutorial) will be cut by 75 per cent
to 30 hours – could lead to a 10 per cent cut in over all
funding nationally by 2013.
‘Enrichment’ in colleges and schools generally means
opportunities for students to take part in music, theatre,
dance and sports activities, volunteering and charity work.
Major cuts which will reduce activities such as sports,
music, dance and drama.
Annual Conference Resolution 2011 called for a
campaign for the restoration of the entitlement fund for
post-16 students.
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Young People Not in Employment,
Education or Training (NEETs)
One in five 16-24 year olds can be classed as a NEET –
1.16 million young people classified as NEETs.
The number of young people, 16-24, out of work is
approximately one million – one in five young people.
This year, record numbers of school leavers are expected,
many of who will be competing for university places, which
will leave thousands of young people without a degree
course.
The number of additional student places to be halved at
universities this year.
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Young People Not in Employment,
Education or Training (NEETs) (cont’d)
What will happen to the previous pledge of a further
£55 million to ensure that every young person leaving
school in Year 11 has the option of a ‘suitable’ place in
learning? Will this now be honoured?
‘Positive for Youth’ is a new approach initiated by
Government published in December 2011 for a cross
Government policy for young people aged 13-19 in
England. This sets out how councils, schools, charities
and businesses can come together in partnership to
support families and improve outcomes for young people,
particularly those who are most disadvantaged or
vulnerable.
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Young People Not in Employment,
Education or Training (NEETs) (cont’d)
The Government
including:
intends
to ‘facilitate’ local
reform,
–
clarifying its expectations on local authorities through
revised statutory guidance to be published shortly for
consultation of their duty to secure activities and
services for young people;
–
empowering young people by enabling them to inspect
and report on local youth services and setting up a
national group for them to help ‘youth proof’;
–
investing £320,000 for improved projects to bolster
business brokerages; and
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Young People Not in Employment,
Education or Training (NEETs) (cont’d)
– expanding National Citizen Service to offer 30,000
places to young people in 2012, 60,000 in 2013 and
90,000 in 2014.
Many young people face a future of graduating with huge
debts and scarce work opportunities.
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Youth Unemployment
150,000 school and college leavers unable to obtain a place
at university despite many achieving maximum grades.
Could be one million young people seeking work by the end
of the summer.
The Government’s austerity measures have put youth
unemployment at an all-time high, while university fees are
set to treble. UK unemployment rate is 7.9 per cent. For 1624 year olds, however, the rate is 20.3 per cent – the highest
level since records began in 1992 and among the highest in
Europe.
Conference resolution states that the Union should campaign
vigorously with all TUC affiliates, especially with UCU, for
economic policies that put reducing youth unemployment at
the centre of the political agenda.
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University Technical Colleges
University Technical Colleges (UTCs) appeared in the
Coalition programme for Government. These are backed
by firms including Blackberry, Toshiba, Boeing and Rolls
Royce.
The aim of these colleges is to improve the quality of
vocational education, including increasing flexibility for
14-19 year olds and creating new Technical Academies
as part of plans to diversify schools provision.
The first new 600 pupil school will be opened in
September 2012 in the West Midlands, sponsored and
run by Aston University.
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University Technical Colleges
(cont’d)
Thirteen UTCs to offer highly technical subjects to
teenagers. Silverstone motor racing circuit is to house one
of the first colleges. There will be one in Newcastle to
focus on engineering; one in Liverpool specialising in life
sciences, backed by the pharmaceutical firm, Novartis;
one in Plymouth backed by the Royal Navy.
14-19 year old students will take GCSEs in core subjects,
including English, Maths and Science, along with practical
courses such as engineering and manufacturing.
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University Technical Colleges
(cont’d)
The idea of a Technical Baccalaureate has been refuted
by Professor Wolf: “The only real reason for having
a Technical Baccalaureate in reality and practice, would be
as a consolation prize for the people who you think cannot
do the English Baccalaureate”.
There is a move to set up a national network of 100 UTCs
in the next four or five years.
The proposal harks back to Technical Schools, which
opened alongside grammar schools and secondary
moderns under the 1944 Butler Education Act that created
the tripartite secondary education system.
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University Technical Colleges
(cont’d)
These technical colleges will be selection by the back
door. Students will be channelled into narrow separate
paths at the age of 14 – leading to a two tier system with
technical schools being seen as the poor cousin
(sponsored by universities).
Selection at 14 – English Baccalaureate and Technical
Baccalaureate streams.
Labour seems to be backing the development of a new
Technical Baccalaureate. The Baker Dearing Educational
Trust will be promoting the development of this
Baccalaureate. Support has come from the Awarding
Bodies – AQA, Edexcel, OCR and City and Guilds.
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Studio Schools
Studio Schools are a new type of academy for 14-19
year olds which the Government claims will develop
employability skills through a project based approach to
learning.
New Studios Schools set up to ‘bridge’ gap between
schools and the world of work.
They are small schools of around 300 pupils, with a 14-19
age range. They can be set up as a new whole school
(though an existing school cannot convert to become
a Studio School), or as a school within a school, or within
a federation.
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Studio Schools
(cont’d)
Twelve approved to open in 2012 – with input from
employers like Glaxo, Sony, the BBC and Fulham FC. Six
already open.
Studio schools offer academic and vocational
qualifications but teach them in a practical and projectbased way. Study is combined with paid work placements
with local and national employers that are involved in the
school.
Backed by local businesses and employers.
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Studio Schools
(cont’d)
Twelve Studio Schools approved include: the Fulham
Enterprise Studio School in Hammersmith and Fulham,
engaged with employers such as the BBC, Fulham FC
and Age UK: Liverpool: specialising in games
development and digital futures; key employers involved
include Sony as well as the backing of several
universities; the Discovery Studio School in Stoke-onTrent which has links with employers in the local ceramics
industry including Emma Bridgewater: the Da Vinci Studio
School of Science and Engineering in Stevenage, offering
a curriculum-based on in-demand science, technology,
engineering and maths backed by employers including
Glaxo.
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The English Baccalaureate
A new benchmark to measure academic success for
those gaining A* to C GCSE grades in English, Maths,
a language, sciences and geography or history.
Measure that was introduced has branded a large number
of pupils as failures retrospectively.
Schools and students identified as failures for missing its
targets.
Selective schools and independent schools have
dominated the top ranking of the English Baccalaureate.
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The English Baccalaureate (cont’d)
Annual Conference resolution was passed to campaign
against the promotion of a hierarchy of subjects through
introducing the English Baccalaureate. Subjects under
threat such as Business Studies, RE, IT, etc.
1.4 million on GCSE qualifications were achieved in
subjects not related to the English Baccalaureate,
including music, visual arts and RE.
This is a top-down measure.
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The Careers Service – Information,
Advice and Guidance (IAG)
To campaign for a properly funded all age careers service
that supports the ‘Raising of the Participation Age’.
A national careers service needs to be established. The
intent to establish an all age service seems to have been
abandoned.
At a time of growing youth unemployment, the series of
cuts by many local authorities to the Connexions Services
– risk exacerbating the damage to many young lives.
The cuts made by many local authorities to careers
support for young people undermines the steps required
to improve social mobility and the achievement of young
people.
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review)
Children who fail to get ‘good’ English and Maths
GCSE will continue to study these subjects to 18.
High quality Maths and English GCSE alternatives will
be identified.
Reform of league tables and funding rules to remove
incentives that have ‘devalued’ vocational education.
The Government has accepted all of Professor Wolf’s
recommendations.
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review) (cont’d)
Consult with employers, schools, colleges, HE and
Ofqual to define the criteria of what good vocational
qualifications are. New strict rules to be introduced
defining which vocational qualifications will count in
performance tables. Vocational qualifications will
only count if:
– they offer pupils proven progression into a broad
range of further qualifications or careers post-16,
rather than ‘narrowing’ students’ options;
– they should be the size of a GSCE or bigger;
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review) (cont’d)
–
they have a substantial proportion of external
assessment and require students to focus knowledge
across their subject;
–
they have grades such as A*-G (those with simple
pass or fail results will be excluded); or
–
only those qualifications that meet the DfE’s ‘rigorous’
characteristics will count in performance tables.
The introduction of new measures to assess the
performance of both higher and lower attaining students
so schools and colleges do not focus only on students
who are on the C/D grade borderline.
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review) (cont’d)
Support 14-16 year olds enrolling in colleges so they can
benefit from good vocational training available there.
Independent evaluation of Foundation learning.
Allow FE lecturers to teach in school classrooms on the
same basis as qualified school teachers – this will require
change to the law.
Majority of 14-16 year olds to be taught an academic core.
Young people not to specialise too early as this is a
narrowing of their choices and limits their chance to
secure further learning and employment in the longer
term.
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review) (cont’d)
GCSEs
16-18 year olds to have a coherent and well considered
study programme – to follow a broad programme of
study. Such a programme is likely to cover contact
time, continuation/achievement of English and maths
where appropriate, and qualifications that are of a
substantial size and are rigorously assessed.
Reform of GCSEs to end modularisation and re-sitting.
Spelling, punctuation and grammar to be strengthened
in GCSEs (which was introduced in 2009). ‘Essential’
knowledge only in GCSEs.
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Vocational Education
(The Wolf Review) (cont’d)
Study programmes for these young people to offer high
quality, genuine work experience with a focus on
achievement in maths and English.
Review of the 16-19 funding formula – move from a
formula based on funding qualifications to one based on
funding learners. This review will consider value for
money and what weightings may be needed to reflect the
content and related cost of courses.
Support for University Technical College to offer full-time
technically orientated courses (pre-16 students).
Move pre-16 students to study in colleges.
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New Performance Measures
League tables to be overhauled to expand the number of
measures on which schools are ranked – “to reform
performance tables and funding rules to remove the
perverse incentives which have served to devalue
vocational education, while pushing young people into
qualification routes that do not allow them to move into work
or further learning”.
Figures will be published which shows for each school the
difference between the lowest achieving pupils, the highest
achieving and those performing as ‘expected’.
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New Performance Measures
(cont’d)
Recognise through performance tables those vocational
qualifications which are most appropriate for the vast
majority of 14-16 year olds. (Consultation to have taken
place on this.)
From 2014, only GCSEs and ‘valued’ vocational
qualifications that
meet ‘strict’ new criteria will be
recognised in performance tables.
Only the most ‘rigorous’ qualifications will count in league
tables. Consultation out on what rules define ‘high
quality’; qualifications.
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New Performance Measures
(cont’d)
Other qualifications, such as full course GCSEs,
established IGCSEs and AS levels, will continue to count.
Other qualifications count only if:
–
they have a proven track record - only if they have
been taught for at least two years with good
levels of
take-up among 14-16 year olds;
–
they have been taught for at least two years with
good levels of take-up among 14-16 year olds;
–
they have a substantial proportion of external
assessment;
–
they have grades, such as A*G (those with simple
pass or fail results will be excluded).
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School and College Budgets
Education budgets are going to be tight for at least the
next three years.
Schools and colleges will have to do with less and have to
make their budgets stretch further.
Government intends to level school funding rates at post16 down to those of other post-16 providers.
Assumption that current college rates are sufficient rates
of funding.
Levelling down of post-16 funding will have a devastating
impact on all schools, but particularly for those in rural
areas.
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Changes to the Admissions System
Anyone can object to the Schools Adjudicator admissions
arrangements for state funding schools and academies.
Now there will only be one route of complaint.
Children of staff given priority over school places – so that
children of parents setting up Free Schools can be
prioritised.
Changes to the Published Admission Number (PAN).
New proposals give all schools the freedom to change the
published admission number without first seeking the
approval of the local authority. This will impact on class
sizes. Further campaigning issue for the Union.
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Changes to the Admissions System
(cont’d)
Schools popular with parents are to be free to increase
the Published Admission Number, allowing popular
schools to take extra pupils from other schools. This
will leave those schools not expanding with funding
difficulties and will also make their fight to raise levels
of attainment harder. Another way of closing down
‘improving’ schools?
The requirement on local authorities in England to set
up an Admission Forum will be removed.
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Changes to the Admissions System
(cont’d)
The loss of Admissions Forums will mean that the fairness
of arrangements regarding admissions at a local level will
be difficult to challenge.
How will fair admissions
practices be determined locally?
Membership of the forums includes representatives of
local schools, parents and the community.
Admissions criteria would no longer be agreed locally by
a properly supported Admissions Forum.
If all schools become academies, there will be over
20,000 individual admissions authorities.
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Campaigning on Education Issues
2012 draft Conference Resolution on School Autonomy,
Fragmentation, Accountability and Comprehensive
Education and Secondary Education (see separate
paper).
See 2011 NUT Annual Conference resolutions on 14-19
education (separate paper).
Working and campaigning closely with UCU on 14-19
issues.
Campaigning against the abolition of EMAs. The raising
of tuition fees and the cuts to entitlement funding.
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Campaigning on Education Issues
(cont’d)
Campaigning against youth unemployment. (One in ten
students are unable to find a job when they leave
university; and one in five 16-24 year olds are jobless.)
Campaign against countless cuts to local authority
education support services.
Campaign against University Technical Colleges, Free
Schools and Studio Schools.
Campaign against 80 per cent of University Teaching
Budgets being cut.
Cuts to school sports partnerships.
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Campaigning on Education Issues
(cont’d)
Cuts to local libraries.
Connexions Services.
Youth Services
Campaign for a levelling up school/college funding and
against the 18 per cent cuts to sixth form colleges and
school sixth forms.
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